mysql 按汉字拼音排序

建表如下：

+----+------+--------+
| id | name | pinyin |
+----+------+--------+
|  1 | 李   | li     |
|  2 | 王   | wang   |
|  3 | 张   | zhang  |
|  4 | 刘   | liu    |
+----+------+--------+

表中字段的编码格式如下：

mysql> show full columns from order_by_demo;
+--------+-------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
| Field  | Type        | Collation | Null | Key | Default | Extra          | Privileges                      | Comment |
+--------+-------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
| id     | int         | NULL      | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment | select,insert,update,references |         |
| name   | varchar(10) | utf8_bin  | YES  |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,update,references |         |
| pinyin | varchar(10) | utf8_bin  | YES  |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,update,references |         |
+--------+-------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
3 rows in set

可以看到name和pinyin列都是utf8编码。

以name列进行升序排序：

mysql> SELECT * FROM order_by_demo ORDER BY name;
+----+------+--------+
| id | name | pinyin |
+----+------+--------+
|  4 | 刘   | liu    |
|  3 | 张   | zhang  |
|  1 | 李   | li     |
|  2 | 王   | wang   |
+----+------+--------+
4 rows in set

name列并没有以汉语拼音顺序进行升序，因为utf8并不支持拼音的排序，可以如下处理：

mysql> SELECT * FROM order_by_demo ORDER BY CONVERT(name USING GBK);
+----+------+--------+
| id | name | pinyin |
+----+------+--------+
|  1 | 李   | li     |
|  4 | 刘   | liu    |
|  2 | 王   | wang   |
|  3 | 张   | zhang  |
+----+------+--------+
4 rows in set

将想要按拼音排序的字段进行转码，转为GBK，再进行排序即可达到效果。