文件上传
1.新建django项目，创建应用stu: python manage.py startapp stu
2.在配置文件setting.py INSTALLED_APP 中添加新创建的应用stu
3.配置urls，分别在testurls 和子路由stuurls 中
#testurls urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^student/',include('stu.urls')) ] #stuurls from django.conf.urls import url import views urlpatterns=[ url(r'^$',views.index_view) ]
4.创建视图文件index_view.py
def index_view(request): if request.method=='GET': return render(request,'index.html') elif request.method=='POST': uname = request.POST.get('uname','') photo = request.FILES.get('photo','') import os if not os.path.exists('media'): #判断是否存在文件media，不存在则创建一个 os.makedirs('media') with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',photo.name),'wb') as fw: #以读的方式打开目录为/media/photo.name 的文件 别名为fw fw.write(photo.read()) #读取photo文件并将其写入(一次性读取完)
for chunk in fw.chunks:
fw.write(chunk) return HttpResponse('注册成功') else: return HttpResponse('页面跑丢了,稍后再试!')
5.创建模板文件
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <form action="/student/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} <p> <lable>姓名:<input type="text" name ='uname'></lable> </p> <p> <lable>头像:<input type="file" name ='photo'></lable> </p> <p> <lable><input type="submit" value="注册"></lable> </p> </form> </body> </html>
文件存在数据库中并查询所有信息
1.创建模型类
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from __future__ import unicode_literals from django.db import models # Create your models here. from django.db import models class Student(models.Model): sid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) sname = models.CharField(max_length=30) photo = models.ImageField(upload_to='img') class Meta: db_table='t_stu' def __unicode__(self): return u'Student:%s' %self.sname
2.修改配置文件setting.py 添加新内容
MEDIA_URL = '/media/' MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media')
3.通过创建的模型类 来映射数据库表
python mange.py makemigrations stu
python mange.py migrate
4.添加新的子路由地址
urlpatterns=[ url(r'^$',views.index_view), url(r'^upload/$',views.upload_view), url(r'^show/$',views.showall_view) ]
5.在views文件中添加新的函数 showall_view()
def upload_view(request): uname = request.POST.get('uname','') photo = request.FILES.get('photo','') #入库操作 Student.objects.create(sname = uname,photo=photo) return HttpResponse('上传成功') def showall_view(request): stus = Student.objects.all() return render(request,'show.html',{'stus':stus})
6.创建模板 显示查询到所有的信息
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <table border="1" width="500px" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <th>编号</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>图片</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> <tr> {% for stu in stus %} <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td>{{ stu.sname }}</td> <td><img src="{{ MEDIA_URL}}{{ stu.photo }}"/> </td> <td><a href="#">操作</a></td> {% endfor %} </tr> </table> </body> </html>
7.配置根路由 testurls.py 读取后台上传的文件
from django.views.static import serve if DEBUG: urlpatterns+=url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)/$', serve, {"document_root": MEDIA_ROOT}),
8.再次修改配置文件setting.py 在TEMPLATE中添加新的内容 可以获取到media中的内容
'django.template.context_processors.media'
9.访问127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 上传学生信息
访问127.0.0.1:8000/student/show/ 查看所有学生的信息
文件的下载
1.配置子路由 访问views.py 下的download_view()函数
urlpatterns=[ url(r'^$',views.index_view), url(r'^upload/$',views.upload_view), url(r'^show/$',views.showall_view), url(r'^download/$',views.download_view) ]
import os def download_view(request): #获取文件存放的位置 filepath = request.GET.get('photo','') print filepath #获取文件的名字 filename = filepath[filepath.rindex('/')+1:] print filename path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',filepath.replace('/','\')) with open(path,'rb') as fr: response = HttpResponse(fr.read()) response['Content-Type'] = 'image/png' # 预览模式 response['Content-Disposition'] = 'inline;filename=' + filename # 附件模式 response['Content-Disposition']='attachment;filename='+filename return response
2.修改show.html 文件中下载栏的超链接地址
<tr> {% for stu in stus %} <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td>{{ stu.sname }}</td> <td><img src="{{ MEDIA_URL}}{{ stu.photo }}"/> </td> <td><a href="/student/download/?photo={{ stu.photo }}">下载</a></td> {% endfor %} </tr>
3.访问127.0.0.1:8000/studnet/show/ 查看学生信息
点击操作栏中的下载 即可将学生照片下载到本地