mysql利用有gtid模式的binlog日志文件恢复数据

一、新建数据库test_gtid，并在下面新建一个表test_gtid.并插入几条测试数据

mysql> create database test_gtid CHARSET utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> create table test_gtid( id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,  name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL) ENGINE=INNODB CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> insert into test_gtid(id,name)values(1,'andy');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into test_gtid(id,name)values(2,'kevin');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into test_gtid(id,name)values(3,'peter');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> 

二、删除数据库test_gtid

mysql> drop database test_gtid;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> 

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------------+
| Database                 |
+--------------------------+
| information_schema       |
| hl_central_sms_deduction |
| mysql                    |
| performance_schema       |
| sys                      |
| test                     |
+--------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

三、查看binlog日志文件过滤"create database",并显示上下文5行

[root@orderer run]# mysqlbinlog --base64-output=decode-rows -d test_gtid /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/master.000002|grep 'create database' -C 5
#200407 11:38:10 server id 69  end_log_pos 483 CRC32 0x122f6de5         GTID    last_committed=1        sequence_number=2       rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '143c2270-3b22-11ea-9dea-14feb5dc2c77:2'/*!*/;
# at 483
#200407 11:38:10 server id 69  end_log_pos 605 CRC32 0x4de1053c         Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1586230690/*!*/;
create database test_gtid CHARSET utf8
/*!*/;
# at 605
#200407 11:41:33 server id 69  end_log_pos 670 CRC32 0x99dd5b88         GTID    last_committed=2        sequence_number=3       rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '143c2270-3b22-11ea-9dea-14feb5dc2c77:3'/*!*/;
# at 670
[root@orderer run]# 

可以看到create database test_gtid CHARSET utf8命令的gtid为143c2270-3b22-11ea-9dea-14feb5dc2c77:2

四、查看binlog日志文件过滤"drop database",并显示上下文5行

[root@orderer run]# mysqlbinlog --base64-output=decode-rows -d test_gtid /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/master.000002 |grep "drop database" -C 5
WARNING: The option --database has been used. It may filter parts of transactions, but will include the GTIDs in any case. If you want to exclude or include transactions, you should use the options --exclude-gtids or --include-gtids, respectively, instead.
#200407 11:44:33 server id 69  end_log_pos 2231 CRC32 0xa862ff44        GTID    last_committed=8        sequence_number=9       rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '143c2270-3b22-11ea-9dea-14feb5dc2c77:9'/*!*/;
# at 2231
#200407 11:44:33 server id 69  end_log_pos 2338 CRC32 0xd4f9ce4b        Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1586231073/*!*/;
drop database test_gtid
/*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
[root@orderer run]# 

可以看到drop database语句的gtid为143c2270-3b22-11ea-9dea-14feb5dc2c77:9，那么利用gtid参数来截取恢复数据库的日志文件内容

五、截取指定gtid区间为:"143c2270-3b22-11ea-9dea-14feb5dc2c77:2到143c2270-3b22-11ea-9dea-14feb5dc2c77:8"的binlog日志文件

[root@orderer run]# mysqlbinlog --skip-gtids --include-gtids='143c2270-3b22-11ea-9dea-14feb5dc2c77:2-8' -d test_gtid /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/master.000002 > /home/binlog_test_gtid.sql;

六、进入mysql,利用source 导入sql

mysql> source /home/binlog_test_gtid.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Charset changed
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

Database changed
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

七、验证结果

查看数据库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------------+
| Database                 |
+--------------------------+
| information_schema       |
| hl_central_sms_deduction |
| mysql                    |
| performance_schema       |
| sys                      |
| test                     |
| test_gtid                |
+--------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

已经恢复了test_gtid数据库

mysql> use test_gtid;
Database changed
mysql> select * from test_gtid;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  1 | andy  |
|  2 | kevin |
|  3 | peter |
+----+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

查看数据表，数据恢复。