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  • [Leetcode]@python 72. Edit Distance

    题目链接

    https://leetcode.com/problems/edit-distance/

    题目原文

    Given two words word1 and word2, find the minimum number of steps required to convert word1 to word2. (each operation is counted as 1 step.)

    You have the following 3 operations permitted on a word:

    a) Insert a character
    b) Delete a character
    c) Replace a character

    题目大意

    求两个单词的编辑距离

    编辑距离,又称Levenshtein距离,是指两个字串之间,由一个转成另一个所需的最少编辑操作次数。许可的编辑操作包括将一个字符替换成另一个字符,插入一个字符,删除一个字符。

    例如将kitten一字转成sitting:

    sitten (k→s)
    sittin (e→i)
    sitting (→g)

    解题思路

    定义这样一个函数——edit(i, j),它表示第一个字符串的长度为i的子串到第二个字符串的长度为j的子串的编辑距离。

    显然可以有如下动态规划公式:
    if i == 0 且 j == 0,edit(i, j) = 0
    if i == 0 且 j > 0,edit(i, j) = j
    if i > 0 且j == 0,edit(i, j) = i
    if i ≥ 1 且 j ≥ 1 ,edit(i, j) == min{ edit(i-1, j) + 1, edit(i, j-1) + 1, edit(i-1, j-1) + f(i, j) },当第一个字符串的第i个字符不等于第二个字符串的第j个字符时,f(i, j) = 1;否则,f(i, j) = 0。

    代码

    class Solution(object):
        def minDistance(self, word1, word2):
            """
            :type word1: str
            :type word2: str
            :rtype: int
            """
            len1 = len(word1)
            len2 = len(word2)
            if len1 == 0:
                return len2
            if len2 == 0:
                return len1
            dict = [[0 for i in range(len2+1)] for j in range(len1+1)]
    
            for j in range(1,len2+1):
                dict[0][j] = j
    
            for i in range(1,len1+1):
                dict[i][0] = i
    
            if word1[0] != word2[0]:
                dict[1][1] = 1
    
            if len1 >= 1 and len2 >= 1:
                for i in range(1, len1+1):
                    for j in range(1, len2+1):
                        dict[i][j] = min(dict[i - 1][j] + 1,
                                         dict[i][j - 1] + 1, 
                                    dict[i - 1][j - 1] + int(word1[i-1] != word2[j-1]))
    
            return dict[len1][len2]    
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/slurm/p/5130801.html
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