SqlServer 2000/2005 列转行 行转列收集

--行列互转
/******************************************************************************************************************************************************
以学生成绩为例子，比较形象易懂

整理人：中国风(Roy)

日期:2008.06.06
******************************************************************************************************************************************************/

--1、行互列
--> --> (Roy)生成測試數據
 
if not object_id('Class') is null
	drop table Class
Go
Create table Class([Student] nvarchar(2),[Course] nvarchar(2),[Score] int)
Insert Class
select N'张三',N'语文',78 union all
select N'张三',N'数学',87 union all
select N'张三',N'英语',82 union all
select N'张三',N'物理',90 union all
select N'李四',N'语文',65 union all
select N'李四',N'数学',77 union all
select N'李四',N'英语',65 union all
select N'李四',N'物理',85 
Go
--2000方法:
动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
set @s=''
Select 	@s=@s+','+quotename([Course])+'=max(case when [Course]='+quotename([Course],'''')+' then [Score] else 0 end)'
from Class group by[Course]
exec('select [Student]'+@s+' from Class group by [Student]')


生成静态:

select 
	[Student],
	[数学]=max(case when [Course]='数学' then [Score] else 0 end),
	[物理]=max(case when [Course]='物理' then [Score] else 0 end),
	[英语]=max(case when [Course]='英语' then [Score] else 0 end),
	[语文]=max(case when [Course]='语文' then [Score] else 0 end) 
from 
	Class 
group by [Student]

GO
动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
Select 	@s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename([Course]) from Class group by[Course]
exec('select * from Class pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in('+@s+'))b')

生成静态:
select * 
from 
	Class 
pivot 
	(max([Score]) for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b

生成格式:
/*
Student 数学          物理          英语          语文
------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
李四      77          85          65          65
张三      87          90          82          78

(2 行受影响)
*/

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
go
--加上总成绩(学科平均分)

--2000方法:
动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
set @s=''
Select 	@s=@s+','+quotename([Course])+'=max(case when [Course]='+quotename([Course],'''')+' then [Score] else 0 end)'
from Class group by[Course]
exec('select [Student]'+@s+',[总成绩]=sum([Score])  from Class group by [Student]')--加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score]))

生成动态:

select 
	[Student],
	[数学]=max(case when [Course]='数学' then [Score] else 0 end),
	[物理]=max(case when [Course]='物理' then [Score] else 0 end),
	[英语]=max(case when [Course]='英语' then [Score] else 0 end),
	[语文]=max(case when [Course]='语文' then [Score] else 0 end),
	[总成绩]=sum([Score]) --加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score]))
from 
	Class 
group by [Student]

go

--2005方法:

动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
Select 	@s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename([Course]) from Class group by[Course] --isnull(@s+',','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个逗号
exec('select [Student],'+@s+',[总成绩] from (select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a 
pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in('+@s+'))b ')

生成静态:

select 
	[Student],[数学],[物理],[英语],[语文],[总成绩] 
from 
	(select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a --平均分时用avg([Score])
pivot 
	(max([Score]) for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b 

生成格式:

/*
Student 数学          物理          英语          语文          总成绩
------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
李四      77          85          65          65          292
张三      87          90          82          78          337

(2 行受影响)
*/

go

--2、列转行
--> --> (Roy)生成測試數據
 
if not object_id('Class') is null
	drop table Class
Go
Create table Class([Student] nvarchar(2),[数学] int,[物理] int,[英语] int,[语文] int)
Insert Class
select N'李四',77,85,65,65 union all
select N'张三',87,90,82,78
Go

--2000:

动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
select @s=isnull(@s+' union all ','')+'select [Student],[Course]='+quotename(Name,'''')--isnull(@s+' union all ','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个union all
+',[Score]='+quotename(Name)+' from Class'
from syscolumns where ID=object_id('Class') and Name not in('Student')--排除不转换的列
order by Colid
exec('select * from ('+@s+')t order by [Student],[Course]')--增加一个排序

生成静态:
select * 
from (select [Student],[Course]='数学',[Score]=[数学] from Class union all 
select [Student],[Course]='物理',[Score]=[物理] from Class union all 
select [Student],[Course]='英语',[Score]=[英语] from Class union all 
select [Student],[Course]='语文',[Score]=[语文] from Class)t 
order by [Student],[Course]

go
--2005:

动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
select @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename(Name)
from syscolumns where ID=object_id('Class') and Name not in('Student') 
order by Colid
exec('select Student,[Course],[Score] from Class unpivot ([Score] for [Course] in('+@s+'))b')

go
select 
	Student,[Course],[Score] 
from 
	Class 
unpivot 
	([Score] for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b

生成格式:
/*
Student Course Score
------- ------- -----------
李四      数学      77
李四      物理      85
李四      英语      65
李四      语文      65
张三      数学      87
张三      物理      90
张三      英语      82
张三      语文      78

(8 行受影响)
*/

ALTER procedure dbo.CommonRowToCol
    @sql nvarchar(4000)
as 
begin
--必须包含colname列和result列(不区分大小写),
--除colname列和result列 其余各列均会作为判别记录唯一性的条件
--使用时,只需将要作为列名的字段定义为colname,将欲显示的列定义为result即可
--如select student as 学生 ,course as colname,score result from class
 
    create table #temp([序号] int IDENTITY(1,1)) 
    declare @sqlTemp nvarchar(4000),@sql_select nvarchar(1000),@temp nvarchar(500)
    declare @sql_All nvarchar(4000),@sql_Table nvarchar(1000),@sql_declare nvarchar(1000),@sql_Fetch nvarchar(1000) ,
            @sql_id nvarchar(1000),@sql_id2 nvarchar(1000),@sql_insert nvarchar(1000),@sql_value nvarchar(1000)
 
    set @sql_select = '' set @sql_All = '' set @sql_Table ='' set @sql_declare = '' set @sql_Fetch = ''
    set @sql_id = '' set @sql_id2 = '' set @sql_insert='' set @sql_value = ''
    
    set @sql = lower(LTRIM(@sql))
    set @sqlTemp = @sql
    set @sqlTemp = ' select top 0 * into #tempTbl from ('+@sqlTemp+')z '+
        ' select @temp =  Name+'',''+@temp from ( select top 1111 name from tempdb..syscolumns where id = object_id(N''tempdb..#tempTbl'') order by colorder )z '
    EXECUTE sp_executesql @sqlTemp, N'@temp nvarchar(1000) output',@sql_select output
 
    while charindex(',',@sql_select) > 0 
    begin
        select @temp = lower(LEFT(@sql_select,charindex(',',@sql_select)-1))
        select @sql_select = stuff(@sql_select,1,charindex(',',@sql_select),'')
        
        if (@temp <> 'colname') and (@temp<>'result')
        begin
            set @sql_Table = ' ['+@temp+'] nvarchar(1000),' + @sql_Table     
            set @sql_insert = ' ['+@temp+'],' + @sql_insert     
            set @sql_value ='isnull(@'+@temp+',''''),'+@sql_value 
            set @sql_id =  ' ['+@temp+'] =  isnull(@'+@temp+','''') and' + @sql_id
            set @sql_id2 = ' ['+@temp+'] =  isnull(''''''+@'+@temp+'+'''''' ,'''''''') and' + @sql_id2
        end;
        set @sql_declare = ' @'+@temp+' nvarchar(1000),'+@sql_declare 
        set @sql_Fetch = ' @'+@temp+','+@sql_Fetch 
    end;
    set @sql_Table = 'ALTER TABLE #temp ADD ' +left(@sql_Table,len(@sql_table)-1)+' '
    set @sql_declare = 'declare @sqlTemp nvarchar(4000),' +left(@sql_declare,len(@sql_declare)-1) + ' '
    set @sql_Fetch = left(@sql_Fetch,len(@sql_fetch)-1) + ' '
    set @sql_id = left(@sql_id,len(@sql_id)-3) + ' '
    set @sql_id2 = left(@sql_id2,len(@sql_id2)-3) + ' '
    set @sql_insert = left(@sql_insert,len(@sql_insert)-1) + ' '
    set @sql_value = left(@sql_value,len(@sql_value)-1) + ' '
 
    set @sql_All = @sql_declare + 
            ' Declare myCur Cursor   For '+ @sql + ' Open myCur Fetch NEXT From myCur Into '+ @sql_Fetch+
            ' While @@fetch_status=0 Begin '+
            '   if not exists(select * from tempdb..syscolumns where id = object_id(N''tempdb..#temp'') and name = @colName)
                begin            
                    set @sqlTemp =''alter table #temp add [''+@colName+''] nvarchar(4000) ''
                    exec(@sqlTemp)
                end 
                if not exists(select * from #temp where '+@sql_id+')
                begin
                    insert into #temp('+@sql_insert+') values('+@sql_value+')
                end 
                
                set @sqlTemp ='' update #temp set [''+@colName+''] = isnull(''''''+@result+'''''','''''''') where ' + @sql_id2+''' 
                exec(@sqlTemp)
                
                Fetch NEXT From myCur Into '+ @sql_Fetch+
            'end 
            Close myCur 
            Deallocate myCur 
            select * from #temp
            '
            
    exec (@sql_Table)
    exec(@sql_All)
end

-- SQL Server 2005实现动态交叉表存储过程
--动态交叉表就是列表会根据表中数据的情况动态创建列。
create procedure corss
 @strTabName varchar(50), --表名
 @strCol varchar(50), --列名
 @strGroup varchar(50),  --分组字段
 @strNumber varchar(50), --被统计的字段
 @strSum varchar(10)='Sum' --运算方式
as
 declare @strSql varchar(1000),@strTempCol varchar(100)
 execute('declare corss_cursor for select distinct'+@strCol+'from'+@strTabName+'for read only') --生成游标
 begin
 set nocount on
 set @strSql='select'+@strGroup+','+@strSum+'('+@strNumber+') as ['+@strNumber+']' --查询的前半段
  open corss_cursor
  while(0=0)
   begin
    fetch next from corss_cursor --遍历游标，将列头信息放入变量@strTempCol
    into @strTempCol
    if(@@fetch_status<>0)break
    set @strSql=@strSql+','+@strSum+'(case'+@strCol+'when'''+@strTempCol+'''then'+@strNumber+'else null end)as ['+@strTempCol+']'--gz查询
   end
  set @strSql=@strSql+'from'+@strTabName+'group by'+@strGroup --构造查询
  execute(@strSql)
  if @@error<>0 return @@error --如果出错，返回错误代码
  close corss_cursor
 deallocate corss_cursor return 0 --释放游标，返回0表示成功
 end