增量式PID控制算法

当执行机构需要的不是控制量的绝对值，而是控制量的增量（例如去驱动步进电动机）时，需要用PID的“增量算法”。

增量式PID控制算法C51程序

/*====================================================================================================
PID Function
The PID (比例、积分、微分) function is used in mainly
control applications. PIDCalc performs one iteration of the PID
algorithm.
While the PID function works, main is just a dummy program showing
a typical usage.
=====================================================================================================*/ 

typedef struct PID

{

int SetPoint; //设定目标 Desired Value

long SumError; //误差累计

double Proportion; //比例常数 Proportional Const

double Integral; //积分常数 Integral Const

double Derivative; //微分常数 Derivative Const

int LastError; //Error[-1]

int PrevError; //Error[-2]

} PID;





static PID sPID;

static PID *sptr = &sPID;

/*====================================================================================================
Initialize PID Structure PID参数初始化
=====================================================================================================*/

void IncPIDInit(void)

{

sptr->SumError = 0;

sptr->LastError = 0; //Error[-1]

sptr->PrevError = 0; //Error[-2]

sptr->Proportion = 0; //比例常数 Proportional Const

sptr->Integral = 0; //积分常数Integral Const

sptr->Derivative = 0; //微分常数 Derivative Const

sptr->SetPoint = 0;

}



/*====================================================================================================
增量式PID计算部分
=====================================================================================================*/

int IncPIDCalc(int NextPoint)

{

register int iError, iIncpid; //当前误差

iError = sptr->SetPoint - NextPoint; //增量计算

iIncpid = sptr->Proportion * iError //E[k]项

- sptr->Integral * sptr->LastError //E[k－1]项

+ sptr->Derivative * sptr->PrevError; //E[k－2]项

//存储误差，用于下次计算

sptr->PrevError = sptr->LastError;

sptr->LastError = iError;

//返回增量值

return(iIncpid);

}