杭电1242--Rescue（BFS+优先队列）

Rescue

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 20821    Accepted Submission(s): 7429

Problem Description

Angel was caught by the MOLIGPY! He was put in prison by Moligpy. The prison is described as a N * M (N, M <= 200) matrix. There are WALLs, ROADs, and GUARDs in the prison.

Angel's friends want to save Angel. Their task is: approach Angel. We assume that "approach Angel" is to get to the position where Angel stays. When there's a guard in the grid, we must kill him (or her?) to move into the grid. We assume that we moving up, down, right, left takes us 1 unit time, and killing a guard takes 1 unit time, too. And we are strong enough to kill all the guards.

You have to calculate the minimal time to approach Angel. (We can move only UP, DOWN, LEFT and RIGHT, to the neighbor grid within bound, of course.)

 

 

Input

First line contains two integers stand for N and M.

Then N lines follows, every line has M characters. "." stands for road, "a" stands for Angel, and "r" stands for each of Angel's friend.

Process to the end of the file.

 

 

Output

For each test case, your program should output a single integer, standing for the minimal time needed. If such a number does no exist, you should output a line containing "Poor ANGEL has to stay in the prison all his life."

 

 

Sample Input

7 8

#.#####.

#.a#..r.

#..#x...

..#..#.#

#...##..

.#......

........

 

 

Sample Output

13

 

 

Author

CHEN, Xue

 

 

Source

ZOJ Monthly, October 2003

 

 

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//第一道这样的题，思路大致了解:

　　用最少时间找到天使 → → 天使找到最近朋友用的时间;

#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


int dir[4][2]={-1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 1};
char map[220][220];  int vis[220][220]; 
int i, j, m, n;

struct prision
{
    int x, y, time;
    friend bool operator < (prision x, prision y)
    {
        return x.time > y.time;      //从小  →  大； 
    }
} current, next;


int BFS(int x,int y)
{


    priority_queue <prision>q;
    prision current,next;
    memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));

    current.x=x;
    current.y=y;
    current.time=0;
    vis[current.x][current.y]=1;
    q.push(current);


    while(!q.empty())
    {

        current=q.top();
        q.pop();
        for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
        {
            next.x=current.x+dir[i][0];
            next.y=current.y+dir[i][1];

            if(next.x>=0&&next.x<n&&next.y>=0&&next.y<m&&map[next.x][next.y]!='#'&&!vis[next.x][next.y])
            {

                if(map[next.x][next.y]=='r')
                    return current.time+1;
                
                if(map[next.x][next.y]=='x')
                    next.time=current.time+2;
                else
                    next.time=current.time+1;
                vis[next.x][next.y]=1;
                q.push(next);
            }
        }
    }
    return -1;
} 


int main()
{
    prision angle;
    while(~scanf("%d %d", &n, &m))
    {
        for(i=0; i<n; i++)
        {
            for(j=0; j<m; j++)
            {
                cin >> map[i][j];
                if(map[i][j] == 'a')
                {
                    angle.x = i;
                    angle.y = j;
                }
            }
        }
        int time = BFS(angle.x, angle.y);
        
        if(time == -1)
            cout <<"Poor ANGEL has to stay in the prison all his life."<<endl;
        else
            cout <<time<< endl;  
    }
    return 0;
}  

#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int n, m;
//const int maxn = 220;
int vis[220][220]; char map[220][220];
int ac[4][2] = {0, 1, 0, -1, -1, 0, 1, 0};

struct male
{
    int x, y, step;
    friend bool operator < (male x, male y)
    {
        return x.step > y.step;
    }
} s, t; 

int Bfs(int x, int y)
{
//    int nx, ny;
    
    priority_queue <male> q;
    memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
    vis[x][y] = 1;
    s.x = x; s.y = y; s.step = 0;
    q.push(s);
    male now;
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        t = q.top(); q.pop();    
        for(int i=0; i<4; i++)
        {
            now.x = t.x + ac[i][0];  
            now.y = t.y + ac[i][1];    
            if(now.x >= 0 && now.x < n && now.y >= 0 && now.y < m && !vis[now.x][now.y] && map[now.x][now.y] != '#')
            {
                if(map[now.x][now.y] == 'r')
                    return t.step + 1;    
                else if(map[now.x][now.y] == '.')
                    now.step = t.step + 1;
                else 
                    now.step = t.step + 2;
                vis[now.x][now.y] = 1;
                 q.push(now); 
            }        
        }
    }
    return -1;  
}
int main()
{
    male angle;
    int i, j, x, y;
    while(~scanf("%d %d", &n, &m))
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            {
                cin >> map[i][j];
                if(map[i][j] == 'a')
                {
                    angle.x = i;   angle.y = j;
                }
            }
        }
        int time = Bfs(angle.x, angle.y);
        if(time == -1)
            printf("Poor ANGEL has to stay in the prison all his life.
");
        else
            printf("%d
", time);
    }
    return 0;
} 

/*#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 220;
char map[maxn][maxn]; 
int m, n, vis[maxn][maxn];
int ac[4][2] = {0, 1, 0, -1, -1, 0, 1, 0};

struct male
{
    int x, y, t;
    bool friend operator < (male x, male y)
    {
        return x.t > y.t;
    }
}s, t, now;

int Bfs(int x,int y)
{
    memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
    priority_queue <male> q;
    vis[x][y] = 1;
    s.x = x; s.y = y; s.t = 0;
    q.push(s);
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        t = q.top(); q.pop();
        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        {
            now.x = t.x + ac[i][0];
            now.y = t.y + ac[i][1]; 
        //    printf("%d %d
", now.x, now.y);
            if(now.x >= 0 && now.x < m && now.y >= 0 && now.y < n && !vis[now.x][now.y] && map[now.x][now.y] != '#')  //容易错； 
            {
                if(map[now.x][now.y] == 'r')
                    return t.t + 1;
                else if(map[now.x][now.y] == '.')
                    now.t = t.t + 1;
                else 
                    now.t = t.t + 2;
                vis[now.x][now.y] = 1;                     // so important ;
                q.push(now);  
            }
        }        
    } 
    return -1;
}

int main()
{
    int x, y;
    while(~scanf("%d %d", &m, &n))
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < m; i++)
        {
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)
            {
                cin >> map[i][j];
                if(map[i][j] == 'a')
                {
                    x = i; y = j;
                }
            }
        }
            //printf("%d %d
", x, y);
            int time = Bfs(x, y);
        if(time == -1)
            printf("Poor ANGEL has to stay in the prison all his life.
");
        else
            printf("%d
", time);
    }
    return 0;
}*/