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  • CSharp Web实现文件上传下载功能实例解析

    以ASP.NET Core WebAPI 作后端 API ,用 Vue 构建前端页面,用 Axios 从前端访问后端 API ,包括文件的上传和下载。

    准备文件上传的API

    #region 文件上传  可以带参数

            [HttpPost("upload")]

            public JsonResult uploadProject(IFormFile file, string userId)

            {

                if (file != null)

                {

                    var fileDir = "D:\aaa";

                    if (!Directory.Exists(fileDir))

                    {

                        Directory.CreateDirectory(fileDir);

                    }

                    //文件名称

                    string projectFileName = file.FileName;

                    //上传的文件的路径

                    string filePath = fileDir + $@"{projectFileName}";

                    using (FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create(filePath))

                    {

                        file.CopyTo(fs);

                        fs.Flush();

                    }

                    return Json("ok");

                }else{

                    return Json("no");

                }

            }

            #endregion

    前端vue上传组件  ( 利用Form表单上传 )

    <template>

    <div>

        <form>

            <input type="text" value="" v-model="projectName" placeholder="请输入项目名称">

            <input type="file" v-on:change="getFile($event)">

            <button v-on:click="submitForm($event)">上传</button>

        </form>

    </div>

    </template>

    <script>

    ///这个组件是用于上传bdls文件的组件

    export default {

      data() {

        return {

          uploadURL: "/Home/Upload",

          projectName: "",

          file: ""

        };

      },

      methods: {

        getFile(event) {

          this.file = event.target.files[0];

          console.log(this.file);

        },

        submitForm(event) {

          event.preventDefault();

          let formData = new FormData();

          formData.append("file", this.file);

          let config = {

            headers: {

              "Content-Type": "multipart/form-data"

            }

          };

          this.$http

            .post(this.uploadURL, formData, config)

            .then(function(response) {

              if (response.status === 200) {

                console.log(response.data);

              }

            });

        }

      }

    };

    </script>

    <style lang="scss" scoped>

    </style>

    用 element-ui 的 Upload组件上传文件

    http://element-cn.eleme.io/#/zh-CN/component/upload

    <template>

    <div>

        <el-upload

          class="upload-css"

          :file-list="uploadFiles"

          ref="upload"

          :on-success="upLoadSuccess"

          :on-error="upLoadError"

          :action="uploadURL"

          :auto-upload="false">

            <el-button slot="trigger" size="small" type="primary">选取文件</el-button>

            <el-button style="margin-left: 10px;" size="small" type="success" @click="submitUpload">上传到服务器</el-button>

        </el-upload>

    </div>

    </template>

    <script>

    import Vue from "vue";

    import { Upload, Button } from "element-ui";

    Vue.use(Upload);

    Vue.use(Button);

    export default {

      props: [],

      data() {

        return {

          projectName: "",

          //uploadURL: "/project/upload?a=1",

          uploadFiles: [] //上传的文件列表

        };

      },

      computed: {

        //文件的上传路径

        //附带用户id和项目名称

        uploadURL: function() {

          //var userId = this.$store.state.userId;

          return "/project/upload?userId=" + 1;

        }

      },

      methods: {

        //文件上传

        submitUpload() {

          this.$refs.upload.submit();

        },

        //文件上传成功时的钩子

        upLoadSuccess(response, file, fileList) {

          if (response == "ok") {

            console.log(response + "已上传" + file);

            console.log("项目添加成功");

          } else {

            console.log("项目添加失败");

          }

        },

        //文件上传失败时的钩子

        upLoadError(response, file, fileList) {

          console.log("项目添加失败");

        }

      }

    };

    </script>

    <style lang="scss" scoped>

    </style>

    文件下载

    普通的文件下载方式是访问一个后台文件流地址,直接生成对应的文件,下载即可,地址栏中也可携带一些控制参数,但是无法通过header传递参数。

    两种文件下载方式,一种是,直接返回file文件,利用浏览器的下载功能。但是这种没有发现可以在发送请求的时候携带token;另一种是利用 Axios 发送下载文件的请求,可以设置header头,可以携带token ,但是response-type是blob类型的。

    第一种:

    后端API:

    public FileResult downloadRequest()

            {

                //var addrUrl = webRootPath + "/upload/thumb.jpg";

                var addrUrl = "D:/aaa/thumb.jpg";

                var stream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(addrUrl);

                string fileExt = Path.GetExtension("thumb.jpg");

                //获取文件的ContentType

                var provider = new FileExtensionContentTypeProvider();

                var memi = provider.Mappings[fileExt];

                return File(stream, memi, Path.GetFileName(addrUrl));

            }

    前端利用浏览器的功能url直接返回文件

    下载文件...

    ...

    ...

    downloadRequest() {   

        let url = "Home/downloadRequest"; //可以在路径中传递参数

        window.location.href = url;

     },

    第二种

    后端api ,两个api的返回类型不同,asp.net core 文件下载常用的有FileResult 、FileContentResult 、 FileStreamResult。

    public FileContentResult downloadRequest1()

            {

                //string webRootPath = _hostingEnvironment.WebRootPath;

                //var addrUrl = webRootPath + "/upload/thumb.jpg";

                var addrUrl = "D:/aaa/wyy.exe";

                /*var stream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(addrUrl);

                string fileExt = Path.GetExtension("thumb.jpg");

                //获取文件的ContentType

                var provider = new FileExtensionContentTypeProvider();

                var memi = provider.Mappings[fileExt];

                return File(stream, memi, Path.GetFileName(addrUrl));*/

                //return stream;

                byte[] fileBytes = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(addrUrl);

                string fileName = "wyy.exe";

                return File(fileBytes, System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Octet, fileName); //关键语句

            }

    前端页面

    blob(用来存储二进制大文件)

    <el-button type="primary" v-on:click="downloadRequest1">下载文件11</el-button>

    ...

    ...

    ...

        downloadRequest1() {

          axios({

            // 用axios发送post请求

            method: "post",

            url: "Home/downloadRequest1", // 请求地址 ,也可以传递参数

            headers: {

              //可以自定义header

              gggg: "gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  //可以携带token

            },

            responseType: "blob" // 表明返回服务器返回的数据类型

          }).then(res => {

            // 处理返回的文件流

            //主要是将返回的data数据通过blob保存成文件

            var content = res.data;

            var blob = new Blob([content]);

            var fileName = "wyy.exe"; //要保存的文件名称

            if ("download" in document.createElement("a")) {

              // 非IE下载

              var elink = document.createElement("a");

              elink.download = fileName;

              elink.style.display = "none";

              elink.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);

              document.body.appendChild(elink);

              elink.click();

              URL.revokeObjectURL(elink.href); // 释放URL 对象

              document.body.removeChild(elink);

            } else {

              // IE10+下载

              navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);

            }

            console.log(res);

          });

        }

    第三种

    就是用用up6控件,此控件支持mac、windos、Linux,因为太长就不发了,详细可以参考这篇文章:http://blog.ncmem.com/wordpress/2019/08/09/asp-net%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%8a%e4%bc%a0%e4%b8%8b%e8%bd%bd/

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/songsu/p/12876850.html
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