Linux 安装mysql总结

第一步：查询服务器残留mysql数据并删除

rpm -qa |grep -i mysql
find / -name mysql

第二步：mysql安装包准备

mysql官网下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/

第三步：将mysql安装包上传到服务器

往服务器上上传的工具很多，至于方法过于简单这里就不再赘述

第四步：解压

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

第五步：cp或mv到/usr/local/目录下，并命名为mysql

注意：这里不建议使用拷贝（cp），因为文件大的话就会很慢

 mv mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

第六步：创建mysql用户组和用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

第七步：创建mysql配置存放目录data

cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir data

第八步：为mysql目录修改用户权限

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

第九步：将mysql初始化，并记录初始密码(Bo39?ed2h*W1)

cd ..
cd msyql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

如果出现以下错误：

./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

出现该问题首先检查该链接库文件有没有安装使用命令进行核查
#rpm -qa|grep libaio   
运行该命令后发现系统中无该链接库文件
使用命令，yum install  libaio-devel.x86_64
安装成功后，继续运行数据库的初始化命令，提示成功。

初始化成功后会出现以下：

2021-01-30T03:51:20.337410Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-01-30T03:51:21.458335Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-01-30T03:51:21.659739Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-01-30T03:51:21.722351Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 6a99bae9-62ae-11eb-8966-00163e175cc4.
2021-01-30T03:51:21.724337Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-01-30T03:51:22.941639Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-01-30T03:51:22.977097Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Bo39?ed2h*W1

第十步：配置mysql（my.cnf）

vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#skip-grant-tables
port = 3306
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password

第十一步：加入开机自启

cd /usr/local/mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod  +x /etc/init.d/mysql   //添加可执行权限
chkconfig --add mysql  // 添加开机自启
chkconfig --list  //查看自启是否添加成功

第十二步：配置环境变量

vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
source /etc/profile

第十三步：启动mysql

systemctl restart mysql

第十四步：登录mysql

##初始化密码
mysql -u root -pBo39?ed2h*W1 

会出现以下错误：

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL
server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock’ (2)

这个错误说是要改一下/tmp/mysql.sock目录

vim /etc/my.cnf
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
##再重启服务
systemctl restart mysql 

再次登录：（mysql -u root -pBo39?ed2h*W1）

修改密码

##关闭检测
set global validate_password_policy=0; 
##修改密码长度最低6位，默认8位。
set global validate_password_length=6;
##修改密码
1.alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
2.set password for root@localhost= password(‘123456’);
##刷新权限信息
3.flush privileges;