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  • 如何在springMVC 中对REST服务使用mockmvc 做测试

    如何在springMVC 中对REST服务使用mockmvc 做测试

    博客分类：
    springMVCmockMVC单元测试 
    spring 集成测试中对mock 的集成实在是太棒了！但是使用请注意一下3个条件。
     
    • junit 必须使用4.9以上
    • 同时您的框架必须是用spring mvc 
    • spring 3.2以上才完美支持
     
    目前使用spring MVC 取代struts2 的很多，spring MVC 的各种灵活让人无比销魂！所以使用spring MVC吧！
    以前在对接口（主要是java服务端提供的接口（一般是：webService,restful））进行测试的中一般用以下俩种方法。测试流程如图：


     
    1 直接使用httpClient 
        这方法各种麻烦
     
    2 使用Spring 提供的RestTemplate
        错误不好跟踪，必须开着服务器
     
    3 使用mockMVC都不是问题了看使用实例：
     
    使用事例如下：父类
     
    Java代码  收藏代码
    1. import  org.junit.runner.RunWith;  
    2. import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
    3. import  org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  
    4. import  org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;  
    5. import  org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;  
    6. import  org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;  
    7.   
    8. @WebAppConfiguration  
    9. @ContextConfiguration (locations = {  "classpath:applicationContext.xml" ,    
    10. "classpath:xxxx-servlet.xml"  })  
    11. public class  AbstractContextControllerTests {   
    12.   
    13.     @Autowired  
    14.     protected  WebApplicationContext wac;  
    15.   
    16. }  
    17.   
    18. 子类：  
    19.   
    20. import  org.junit.Before;  
    21. import  org.junit.Test;  
    22. import  org.junit.runner.RunWith;  
    23. import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
    24. import  org.springframework.http.MediaType;  
    25. import  org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;  
    26. import  org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;  
    27. import  org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;  
    28.   
    29. import  com.conlect.oatos.dto.status.RESTurl;  
    30. import  com.qycloud.oatos.server.service.PersonalDiskService;  
    31.   
    32. //这个必须使用junit4.9以上才有。  
    33. @RunWith (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner. class )  
    34. public class  PersonalDiskMockTests  extends  AbstractContextControllerTests {   
    35.       
    36.       
    37.     private static  String URI = RESTurl.searchPersonalFile;   
    38.   
    39.     private  MockMvc mockMvc;  
    40.       
    41.     private  String json = "{"entId":1234,"userId":1235,"key":"new"}" ;  
    42.       
    43.     @Autowired  
    44.     private  PersonalDiskService personalDiskService;  
    45.   
    46.     @Before  
    47.     public void  setup() {   
    48.         //this.mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(this.wac).alwaysExpect(status().isOk()).build();  
    49.         this .mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(personalDiskService).build();  
    50.     }  
    51.   
    52. @Test  
    53.     public void  readJson()  throws  Exception {   
    54.         this .mockMvc.perform(  
    55.                 post(URI,  "json" ).characterEncoding( "UTF-8" )  
    56.                     .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)  
    57.                     .content(json.getBytes()))  
    58.                 .andExpect(content().string( "Read from JSON: JavaBean {foo=[bar], fruit=[apple]}" )  
    59.                     );  
    60.     }  
     
    上面是简单的例子，实际使用起来可以稍做修改。记得导入spring -test jar 包。无需额外配置（是不是很方便！）
    当然和junit 的assert 一起用的话效果更好。下面贴点例子。copy就能跑。
    Java代码  收藏代码
    1. package  com.qycloud.oatos.server.test.mockmvcTest;  
    2.   
    3. import static  org.junit.Assert.fail;   
    4. import static  org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;   
    5.   
    6. import  java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;  
    7. import  java.lang.reflect.Field;  
    8.   
    9. import  org.springframework.http.MediaType;  
    10. import  org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;  
    11.   
    12. import  com.conlect.oatos.dto.status.CommConstants;  
    13. import  com.conlect.oatos.dto.status.ErrorType;  
    14. import  com.conlect.oatos.http.PojoMapper;  
    15.   
    16. public class  MockUtil {   
    17.   
    18.     /** 
    19.      * mock 
    20.      *  
    21.      * @param uri 
    22.      * @param json 
    23.      * @return 
    24.      * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 
    25.      * @throws Exception 
    26.      */  
    27.     public static  String mock(MockMvc mvc, String uri, String json)   
    28.             throws  UnsupportedEncodingException, Exception {  
    29.         return  mvc  
    30.                 .perform(  
    31.                         post(uri,  "json" ).characterEncoding( "UTF-8" )  
    32.                                 .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)  
    33.                                 .content(json.getBytes())).andReturn()  
    34.                 .getResponse().getContentAsString();  
    35.     }  
    36.   
    37.       
    38.     /** 
    39.      *  
    40.      * @param re 返回值 
    41.      * @param object 要转换的对象 
    42.      * @param testName 当前测试的对象 
    43.      */  
    44.     public static  <T>  void  check(String re, Class<T> object,String testName) {   
    45.         System.out.println(re);  
    46.         if  (ErrorType.error500.toString().equals(re)) {  
    47.             System.out.println( "-----该接口测试失败：-----"  
    48.                     + testName);  
    49.             fail(re);  
    50.         }  else if  (CommConstants.OK_MARK.toString().equals(re)) {   
    51.             System.out.println( "-----该接口测试成功：-----"  
    52.                     + testName);  
    53.         } else {  
    54.             System.out.println( "-----re----- :" +re);  
    55.         }  
    56.         if  (object !=  null ) {  
    57.             if  (re.contains( ":" )) {  
    58.                 try  {  
    59.                     T t = PojoMapper.fromJsonAsObject(re, object);  
    60.                     System.out.println( "-----该接口测试成功：-----"  
    61.                             + testName);  
    62.                 }  catch  (Exception e) {  
    63.                     System.out.println( "-----该接口测试失败：-----"  
    64.                             + testName);  
    65.                     fail(e.getMessage());  
    66.                 }  
    67.             }  
    68.         }  
    69.   
    70.     }  
    71.   
    72.   
    73.     /** 
    74.      * 初始化版本信息。每次调用测试用力之前首先更新版本信息 
    75.      * @param mockMvc 
    76.      * @param url 
    77.      * @param fileId 
    78.      * @param class1 
    79.      * @return 
    80.      * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 
    81.      * @throws Exception 
    82.      */  
    83.     public static  <T> Long updateVersion(MockMvc mockMvc, String url,   
    84.             Long fileId, Class<T> class1)  throws  UnsupportedEncodingException, Exception {  
    85.           
    86.         String re = mock(mockMvc, url, fileId+ "" );  
    87.           
    88.         T dto = PojoMapper.fromJsonAsObject(re, class1);  
    89.           
    90. Long version = Long.parseLong(dto.getClass().getMethod( "getVersion" ).invoke(dto).toString());     
    91.         System.out.println( "version = " +version);  
    92.           
    93.         return  version;  
    94.           
    95.     }  
    96.       
    97. }  
     使用如下：
    Java代码  收藏代码
    1. @RunWith (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner. class )  
    2. public class  PersonalDiskMockTests  extends  AbstractContextControllerTests {   
    3.   
    4.     private  MockMvc mockMvc;  
    5.   
    6.     private static  Long entId = 1234L;   
    7.     private static  Long adminId = 1235L;   
    8.   
    9.   
    10.   
    11.   
    12.     @Autowired  
    13.     private  PersonalDiskService personalDiskService;  
    14.   
    15.     @Before  
    16.     public void  setup() {   
    17.         this .mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(personalDiskService)  
    18.                 .build();  
    19.     }  
    20.   
    21.     /*** 
    22.      * pass 
    23.      * 全局搜索企业文件 
    24.      *  
    25.      * @throws Exception 
    26.      */  
    27.     @Test  
    28.     public void  searchPersonalFile()  throws  Exception {   
    29.   
    30.         SearchFileParamDTO sf =  new  SearchFileParamDTO();  
    31.         sf.setEntId(entId);  
    32.         sf.setKey( "li" );  
    33.         sf.setUserId(adminId);  
    34.   
    35.         String json = PojoMapper.toJson(sf);  
    36.   
    37.         String re = MockUtil.mock( this .mockMvc, RESTurl.searchPersonalFile,  
    38.                 json);  
    39.         MockUtil.check(re, SearchPersonalFilesDTO. class ,  "searchPersonalFile" );  
    40.   
    41.     }  
    42. ｝  
     当然@setup里面是每个@test执行时都会执行一次的，所以有些需要每次都实例化的参数可以放进来
    如下：
    Java代码  收藏代码
    1. @Autowired  
    2.     private  ShareDiskService shareDiskService;  
    3.   
    4.     @Before  
    5.     public void  setup() {   
    6.         this .mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(shareDiskService)  
    7.                 .build();  
    8.         try  {  
    9.             initDatas();  
    10.         }  catch  (Exception e) {  
    11.             e.printStackTrace();  
    12.         }  
    13.     }  
    14.   
    15.       
    16.   
    17.     private void  initDatas()  throws  UnsupportedEncodingException, Exception {   
    18.         FileIdVersion = MockUtil.updateVersion(mockMvc,RESTurl.getShareFileById,FileId,ShareFileDTO. class );  
    19.         File2IdVersion = MockUtil.updateVersion(mockMvc,RESTurl.getShareFileById,File2Id,ShareFileDTO. class );  
    20.         oldPicFolderVersion = MockUtil.updateVersion(mockMvc,RESTurl.getShareFolderById,oldPicFolderId,ShareFolderDTO. class );  
    21.     }  
    22. 以上是我摘抄别人的，以下是我在公司用的写法

    23. 测试类：

    24. package cn.com.mcd;

      import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
      import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

      import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
      import org.junit.Assert;
      import org.junit.Before;
      import org.junit.Test;
      import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
      import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
      import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
      import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
      import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
      import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
      import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
      import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

      import cn.com.mcd.common.ResultModel;
      import cn.com.mcd.controller.StoreLocalPmController;
      import cn.com.mcd.model.StoreLocalPm;

      @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
      public class TestStoreLocalPm extends BaseControllerTest{
      //@Resource
      //private StoreLocalPmService storeLocalPmService;
      @Autowired
      private StoreLocalPmController storeLocalPmController;
      private MockMvc mockMvc;
      @Before
      public void setup() {
      //this.mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(this.wac).alwaysExpect(status().isOk()).build();
      this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(storeLocalPmController).build();
      }
      /**
      * 根据条件查询列表
      */
      //@Test
      public void selectStoreLocalPmList() {
      StoreLocalPm storeLocalPm=new StoreLocalPm();
      Long id=1L;
      storeLocalPm.setId(id);//餐厅编号
      storeLocalPm.setStoreName("");//餐厅名称
      storeLocalPm.setAuditStatus("");//审核状态
      ResultModel resultModel=storeLocalPmController.selectStoreLocalPmList(null,storeLocalPm);
      System.out.print("test.resultModel="+resultModel.getResultCode()+" "+resultModel.getResultMsg()+" "+resultModel.getResultData());
      }
      /**
      * 根据id查询详情
      * @throws Exception
      */
      @Test
      public void selectByPrimaryKey() throws Exception {
      String url = "/storeLocalPm/selectByPrimaryKey";
      StoreLocalPm storeLocalPm =new StoreLocalPm();
      storeLocalPm.setId(1L);

      ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

      String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(storeLocalPm);


      MvcResult result = (MvcResult) mockMvc.perform(post(url)
      .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
      .content(json)
      .param("epsToken", "token")
      .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
      .andExpect(status().isOk())
      .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
      .andReturn();
      System.out.println("----------"+result.getResponse().getStatus());
      System.out.println("----------"+result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
      //Assert.assertEquals(200, result.getResponse().getStatus());
      //Assert.assertNotNull(result.getResponse().getContentAsString());

      //Long id=1L;
      //ResultModel resultModel=storeLocalPmController.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
      //System.out.print("test.resultModel="+resultModel.getResultCode()+" "+
      //resultModel.getResultMsg()+" "+resultModel.getResultData());

      }
      }

      1. cotroller

      2. package cn.com.mcd.controller;

        import java.util.List;

        import javax.annotation.Resource;

        import org.slf4j.Logger;
        import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
        import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
        import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
        import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
        import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
        import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
        import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

        import cn.com.mcd.common.ResultModel;
        import cn.com.mcd.model.KitchenEquipmentPrice;
        import cn.com.mcd.model.StoreLocalPm;
        import cn.com.mcd.service.StoreLocalPmService;
        import cn.com.mcd.util.Constants;
        import cn.com.mcd.util.PagesPojo;

        @Controller
        @RequestMapping("/storeLocalPm")
        public class StoreLocalPmController {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 4515788554984036250L;
        private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StoreLocalPmController.class);
        @Resource
        private StoreLocalPmService storeLocalPmService;
        /**
        * query detail by id
        * @param id
        * @return
        */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/selectByPrimaryKey", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        @ResponseBody
        public ResultModel selectByPrimaryKey(@RequestBody StoreLocalPm storeLocalPm) {
        log.info(this.getClass().getName()+".selectByPrimaryKey.start.storeLocalPm="+storeLocalPm);
        ResultModel resultModel = new ResultModel();
        try{
        storeLocalPm=storeLocalPmService.selectByPrimaryKey(storeLocalPm.getId());
        log.info(this.getClass().getName()+".selectByPrimaryKey.success.storeLocalPm="+storeLocalPm);
        resultModel.setResultCode(Constants.SERVICE_SUCCESS_CODE);
        resultModel.setResultMsg(Constants.DATA_BASE_SEARCH_SUCCESS_MSG);
        resultModel.setResultData(storeLocalPm);
        }catch(Exception e){
        resultModel.setResultCode(Constants.SERVICE_ERROR_CODE);
        resultModel.setResultMsg(Constants.DATA_BASE_SEARCH_ERROR_MSG);
        }
        log.info(this.getClass().getName()+".selectByPrimaryKey.end.resultModel="+resultModel);
        return resultModel;
        }

        /**
        * query list by param
        * @param id
        * @return
        */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/selectStoreLocalPmList", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        @ResponseBody
        public ResultModel selectStoreLocalPmList(@ModelAttribute PagesPojo<StoreLocalPm> page,StoreLocalPm storeLocalPm) {
        log.info(this.getClass().getName()+".selectStoreLocalPmList.start.page="+page);
        ResultModel result = new ResultModel();
        try{
        int count = storeLocalPmService.countAll(storeLocalPm);
        page.setTotalRow(count);
        List<StoreLocalPm> list = storeLocalPmService.selectStoreLocalPmList(page);
        page.setPages(list);
        result.setResultCode(Constants.SERVICE_SUCCESS_CODE);
        result.setResultMsg(Constants.DATA_BASE_SEARCH_SUCCESS_MSG);
        result.setResultData(page);
        }catch(Exception e){
        result.setResultCode(Constants.SERVICE_ERROR_CODE);
        result.setResultMsg(Constants.DATA_BASE_SEARCH_ERROR_MSG);
        }
        log.info(this.getClass().getName()+".selectStoreLocalPmList.end.result="+result);
        return result;
        }
        int deleteByPrimaryKey(Long id){
        return 0;

        }


        int insert(StoreLocalPm record) {
        return 0;
        }

        int insertSelective(StoreLocalPm record){
        return 0;

        }


        int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(StoreLocalPm record) {
        return 0;
        }

        int updateByPrimaryKey(StoreLocalPm record) {
        return 0;
        }
        }
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/songyunxinQQ529616136/p/6259167.html
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