前面的文章中,我们曾经实现了一个HTTP的GET 和 POST 请求;
此处我封装了一个HTTP的get和post的辅助类,能够更好的使用;
类名:HttpRequestUtil
提供了如下功能:
(1)模拟GET请求;
(2)模拟POST请求;
(3)模拟文件上传请求;
(4)发送XML数据;
发送GET请求
参数:
(1)url:单纯的URL,不带任何参数;
(2)params:参数;
(3)headers:需要设置的HTTP请求头;
返回:
HttpURLConnection
发送POST请求
(2)public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
参数:
(1)url:单纯的URL,不带任何参数;
(2)params:参数;
(3)headers:需要设置的HTTP请求头;
返回:
HttpURLConnection
文件上传
(3)public static boolean uploadFiles(String url, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files)
参数:
(1)url:单纯URL
(2)params:参数;
(3)files:多个文件
返回:是否上传成功
(4)public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file)
参数:
(1)url:单纯URL
(2)params:参数;
(3)file:一个文件
返回:是否上传成功
发送XML数据
(5)public static byte[] postXml(String url, String xml, String encoding)
参数:
(1)url:单纯URL
(2)xml:XML数据
(3)XML数据编码
对于上传文件,FormFile的构造函数声明如下:
(1)public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)
参数:
(1)filname:文件的名称
(2)data:文件的数据
(3)parameterName:HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字
(4)contentType:文件类型,比如text/plain为txt
(2)public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)
参数:
(1)filname:文件的名称
(2)file:文件名
(3)parameterName:HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字
(4)contentType:文件类型,比如text/plain为txt
FormFile.java
- package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- /**
- * 上传文件
- */
- public class FormFile {
- /* 上传文件的数据 */
- private byte[] data;
- private InputStream inStream;
- private File file;
- /* 文件名称 */
- private String filname;
- /* 请求参数名称*/
- private String parameterName;
- /* 内容类型 */
- private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
- /**
- * 此函数用来传输小文件
- * @param filname
- * @param data
- * @param parameterName
- * @param contentType
- */
- public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
- this.data = data;
- this.filname = filname;
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
- }
- /**
- * 此函数用来传输大文件
- * @param filname
- * @param file
- * @param parameterName
- * @param contentType
- */
- public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
- this.filname = filname;
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- this.file = file;
- try {
- this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
- }
- public File getFile() {
- return file;
- }
- public InputStream getInStream() {
- return inStream;
- }
- public byte[] getData() {
- return data;
- }
- public String getFilname() {
- return filname;
- }
- public void setFilname(String filname) {
- this.filname = filname;
- }
- public String getParameterName() {
- return parameterName;
- }
- public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- }
- public String getContentType() {
- return contentType;
- }
- public void setContentType(String contentType) {
- this.contentType = contentType;
- }
- }
HttpRequestUtil.java
- package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
- import java.net.InetAddress;
- import java.net.Socket;
- import java.net.URL;
- import java.net.URLConnection;
- import java.net.URLEncoder;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.Map.Entry;
- import java.util.Set;
- /*
- * 此类用来发送HTTP请求
- * */
- public class HttpRequestUtil {
- /**
- * 发送GET请求
- * @param url
- * @param params
- * @param headers
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url,
- Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
- throws Exception {
- StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(url);
- Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;
- // 如果是GET请求,则请求参数在URL中
- if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
- buf.append("?");
- entrys = params.entrySet();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
- buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
- .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))
- .append("&");
- }
- buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);
- }
- URL url1 = new URL(buf.toString());
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
- conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
- // 设置请求头
- if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
- entrys = headers.entrySet();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
- conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
- }
- }
- conn.getResponseCode();
- return conn;
- }
- /**
- * 发送POST请求
- * @param url
- * @param params
- * @param headers
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url,
- Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
- throws Exception {
- StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
- Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;
- // 如果存在参数,则放在HTTP请求体,形如name=aaa&age=10
- if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
- entrys = params.entrySet();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
- buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
- .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))
- .append("&");
- }
- buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);
- }
- URL url1 = new URL(url);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
- conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
- conn.setDoOutput(true);
- OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
- out.write(buf.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));
- if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
- entrys = headers.entrySet();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
- conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
- }
- }
- conn.getResponseCode(); // 为了发送成功
- return conn;
- }
- /**
- * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
- * <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
- <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
- <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
- <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
- <input type="file" name="zip"/>
- </FORM>
- * @param path 上传路径(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试,因为它会指向手机模拟器,你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
- * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
- * @param file 上传文件
- */
- public static boolean uploadFiles(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{
- final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线
- final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "-- ";//数据结束标志
- int fileDataLength = 0;
- if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
- for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
- StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
- fileExplain.append("--");
- fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
- fileExplain.append(" ");
- fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"";filename=""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "" ");
- fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+" ");
- fileExplain.append(" ");
- fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
- if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
- fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
- }else{
- fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
- }
- }
- }
- StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
- if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
- textEntity.append("--");
- textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
- textEntity.append(" ");
- textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=""+ entry.getKey() + "" ");
- textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
- textEntity.append(" ");
- }
- }
- //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度
- int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;
- URL url = new URL(path);
- int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
- Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);
- OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
- //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
- String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1 ";
- outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
- String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */* ";
- outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
- String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN ";
- outStream.write(language.getBytes());
- String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ " ";
- outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
- String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + " ";
- outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
- String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive ";
- outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
- String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +" ";
- outStream.write(host.getBytes());
- //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
- outStream.write(" ".getBytes());
- //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
- outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());
- //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
- if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
- for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
- StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
- fileEntity.append("--");
- fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
- fileEntity.append(" ");
- fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"";filename=""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "" ");
- fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+" ");
- outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
- if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
- outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- uploadFile.getInStream().close();
- }else{
- outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
- }
- outStream.write(" ".getBytes());
- }
- }
- //下面发送数据结束标志,表示数据已经结束
- outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
- BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
- if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据,判断请求码是否为200,如果不是200,代表请求失败
- return false;
- }
- outStream.flush();
- outStream.close();
- reader.close();
- socket.close();
- return true;
- }
- /**
- * 提交数据到服务器
- * @param path 上传路径(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试,因为它会指向手机模拟器,你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
- * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
- * @param file 上传文件
- */
- public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
- return uploadFiles(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
- }
- /**
- * 将输入流转为字节数组
- * @param inStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] read2Byte(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{
- ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
- outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- outSteam.close();
- inStream.close();
- return outSteam.toByteArray();
- }
- /**
- * 将输入流转为字符串
- * @param inStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String read2String(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{
- ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
- outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- outSteam.close();
- inStream.close();
- return new String(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8");
- }
- /**
- * 发送xml数据
- * @param path 请求地址
- * @param xml xml数据
- * @param encoding 编码
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{
- byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);
- URL url = new URL(path);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
- conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
- conn.setDoOutput(true);
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
- conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
- OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
- outStream.write(data);
- outStream.flush();
- outStream.close();
- if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
- return read2Byte(conn.getInputStream());
- }
- return null;
- }
- //测试函数
- public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
- Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
- params.put("name", "xiazdong");
- params.put("age", "10");
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil
- .sendGetRequest(
- "http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet",
- params, null);
- int code = conn.getResponseCode();
- InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
- byte[]data = read2Byte(in);
- }
- }
测试代码:
- Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();
- params.put("name", name.getText().toString());
- params.put("age", age.getText().toString());
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil.sendGetRequest("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet", params, null);
文件上传测试代码:
- FormFile formFile = new FormFile(file.getName(), file, "document", "text/plain");
- boolean isSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet", null, formFile);
原文地址:点击打开链接