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  • 3 Sum leetcode java

    题目

    Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.

    Note:

    • Elements in a triplet (a,b,c) must be in non-descending order. (ie, abc)
    • The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
        For example, given array S = {-1 0 1 2 -1 -4},
    
        A solution set is:
        (-1, 0, 1)
        (-1, -1, 2)

    题解
     3 Sum是two Sum的变种,可以利用two sum的二分查找法来解决问题。
    本题比two sum增加的问题有:解决duplicate问题,3个数相加返回数值而非index。
    首先,对数组进行排序。
    然后,从0位置开始到倒数第三个位置(num.length-3),进行遍历,假定num[i]就是3sum中得第一个加数,然后从i+1的位置开始,进行2sum的运算。
    当找到一个3sum==0的情况时,判断是否在结果hashset中出现过,没有则添加。(利用hashset的value唯一性)
    因为结果不唯一,此时不能停止,继续搜索,low和high指针同时挪动。

    时间复杂度是O(n2)
    实现代码为:
     1     public ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> threeSum(int[] num) {
     2         ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>>();
     3         if(num.length<3||num == null)
     4             return res;
     5         
     6         HashSet<ArrayList<Integer>> hs = new HashSet<ArrayList<Integer>>();
     7         
     8         Arrays.sort(num);
     9         
    10         for(int i = 0; i <= num.length-3; i++){
    11             int low = i+1;
    12             int high = num.length-1;
    13             while(low<high){//since they cannot be the same one, low should not equal to high
    14                 int sum = num[i]+num[low]+num[high];
    15                 if(sum == 0){
    16                     ArrayList<Integer> unit = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    17                     unit.add(num[i]);
    18                     unit.add(num[low]);
    19                     unit.add(num[high]);
    20                     
    21                     if(!hs.contains(unit)){
    22                         hs.add(unit);
    23                         res.add(unit);
    24                     }
    25                     
    26                     low++;
    27                     high--;
    28                 }else if(sum > 0)
    29                     high --;
    30                  else
    31                     low ++;
    32             }
    33         }
    34         
    35         return res;
    36     }


    同时,解决duplicate问题,也可以通过挪动指针来解决判断,当找到一个合格结果时,将3个加数指针挪动到与当前值不同的地方,才再进行继续判断,代码如下:
     1     public ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> threeSum(int[] num) {
     2         ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>>();
     3         if(num.length<3||num == null)
     4             return res;
     5         
     6         Arrays.sort(num);
     7         
     8         for(int i = 0; i <= num.length-3; i++){
     9             if(i==0||num[i]!=num[i-1]){//remove dupicate
    10                 int low = i+1;
    11                 int high = num.length-1;
    12                 while(low<high){
    13                     int sum = num[i]+num[low]+num[high];
    14                     if(sum == 0){
    15                         ArrayList<Integer> unit = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    16                         unit.add(num[i]);
    17                         unit.add(num[low]);
    18                         unit.add(num[high]);
    19                         
    20                         res.add(unit);
    21                         
    22                         low++;
    23                         high--;
    24                         
    25                         while(low<high&&num[low]==num[low-1])//remove dupicate
    26                             low++;
    27                         while(low<high&&num[high]==num[high+1])//remove dupicate
    28                             high--;
    29                             
    30                     }else if(sum > 0)
    31                         high --;
    32                      else
    33                         low ++;
    34                 }
    35             }
    36         }
    37         return res;
    38     }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/springfor/p/3859670.html
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