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  • DevExpress20:XtraCharts控件实现图表

    一、总体概述

    官方文档:

    https://docs.devexpress.com/WindowsForms/8117/controls-and-libraries/chart-control

    ChartControl控件主要包括Chart Title、Legend、Annotations、Diagram、Series五部分;如图:

    二、chartControl层XYDiagram层

    chartControl像DEV的其它控件一样,这一层之相当于是一个壳子,我们平时在这里面设置的属性也不多。而且都是些常规属性,比如大小、停靠方式等等。

    XYDiagram这一层就比较关键了,主要是涉及到XY轴的显示方式和滚动条显示等。并且坐标轴的显示方式和数据类型也有很大的关系,主要包括3种类型,数据类型是根据添加到Series中的数据类型决定的,主要属性是ArgumentScaleType。所以涉及到3种不同的设置方式。

    1. 当坐标轴的数据类型是数字时

      2. 当前数据类型是字符串时

    其它设置同上,主要是要想出现滚动条,在设计面板中还不能实现,必须通过代码设置

    DevExpress.XtraCharts.XYDiagram xyDiagram1 = (XYDiagram)this.chartControl1.Diagram;          
    xyDiagram1.AxisX.Range.MaxValueInternal = 3; //这个属性在设计视图里面是看不到的,只有代码里面才可以设置。
    xyDiagram1.AxisX.Range.MinValueInternal = -0.5D;

      3.当前数据类型是时间

    AxisX ax = (XYDiagram)chartControl1.Diagram;
    ax.GridSpacingAuto = false;
    ax.DateTimeMeasureUnit = DateTimeMeasurementUnit.Minute;//这个可以根据你自己的情况设置
    ax.DateTimeGridAlignment = DateTimeMeasurementUnit.Second; //这个是间隔单位
    ax.GridSpacing = 10; // 每10秒为一个间隔。

    三、实例

    1.饼状图

    1.1、添加ChartControl控件

    在工具箱中找到ChartControl控件,拖到窗口中,创建Pie;

    Pie ChartControl控件


    1.2、准备数据

    private DataTable CreateChartData()
     {
         DataTable dtData = SqlHelper.GetDataSet(sql, parameters).Tables[0];
         DataTable table = new DataTable("Table1");
         table.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(String));
         table.Columns.Add("Value", typeof(Double));
         foreach (DataRow item in dtData.Rows)
         {
             var array = new object[] { item["value_num"], item["count"] };
             table.Rows.Add(array);
         }
         return table;
     }

    数据可以自定义,返回类型为DataTable即可。

    1.3、根据数据创建饼状图

    /// <summary>
    /// 根据数据创建一个饼状图
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private void BuilderDevChart()
    {
        //清空ChartControl控件
        chartControl1.Series.Clear();
        Series _pieSeries = new Series("学生成绩饼状图", ViewType.Pie);
        _pieSeries.ArgumentDataMember = "Name";  //绑定图表的横坐标  
        _pieSeries.ValueDataMembers[0] = "Value";  //绑定图表的纵坐标坐标
        _pieSeries.DataSource = CreateChartData(CourseID);
        chartControl1.Series.Add(_pieSeries);
        chartControl1.AddTitle("学生成绩饼状图");
        _pieSeries.LegendPointOptions.PointView = PointView.ArgumentAndValues;
        ChartUtils.SetPieNumber(_pieSeries);
    }

    1.4、设置饼状Series显示方式(值/百分比)

    /// <summary>
    /// 饼状Series设置成百分比显示
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="series">Series</param>
    public static void SetPiePercentage(this Series series)
    {
        if (series.View is PieSeriesView)
        {
            ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).PercentOptions.ValueAsPercent = true;
            ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Format = NumericFormat.Percent;
            ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Precision = 0;
        }
    }
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 饼状Series设置显示格式,是以数字还是百分号显示
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="series">Series</param>
    public static void SetPieNumber(Series series)
    {
        if (series.View is PieSeriesView)
        {
            //设置为值
            ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).PercentOptions.ValueAsPercent = false;
            ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Format = NumericFormat.Number;
            ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Precision = 0;
        }
    }
    实现结果:

    饼状图实现结果


    2.柱状图

    2.1、添加ChartControl控件

    在工具箱中找到ChartControl控件,拖到窗口中,创建Bar:

    Bar ChartControl控件


    2.2、准备数据

    /// <summary>
    /// 创建数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private DataTable CreateBarData()
    {
        string sql = string.Format(@"
                                 SELECT c.CollegeName,COUNT(*)
                                         FROM studentmanager.student 
                                         LEFT JOIN college AS c ON c.CollegeID=student.CollegeID
                                         GROUP BY c.CollegeID");
        DataSet ds = _db.GetResult(sql);
        if (ds != null)
        {
            DataTable dtData = ds.Tables[0];
            DataTable table = new DataTable("Table1");
            table.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));
            table.Columns.Add("Value", typeof(int));
            foreach (DataRow item in dtData.Rows)
            {
                var array = new object[] { item["CollegeName"], item["COUNT(*)"] };
                table.Rows.Add(array);
            }
            return table;
        }
        else
        {
            return null;
        }
    }

    数据可以自定义,返回类型为DataTable即可。

    2.3、根据数据创建柱状图

    private void BuilderDevBarChart()
    {
        chartControl2.Series.Clear();
        Series _barSeries = new Series("", ViewType.Bar);
        _barSeries.ArgumentDataMember = "Name";//x轴
        _barSeries.ValueDataMembers[0] = "Value";//Y轴
        _barSeries.DataSource = CreateBarData();
        _barSeries.SetColorEach(true);
        chartControl2.Series.Add(_barSeries);
    
        _barSeries.LegendPointOptions.PointView = PointView.ArgumentAndValues;
    
        chartControl2.SetXLableAngle(-35);
        chartControl2.SetCrosshair(true);
    
        chartControl2.Legend.Direction = LegendDirection.LeftToRight;
        chartControl2.Legend.AlignmentHorizontal = LegendAlignmentHorizontal.Center;
        chartControl2.Legend.AlignmentVertical = LegendAlignmentVertical.BottomOutside;
        chartControl2.AddTitle("学院学生数量柱状图");
    }

    2.4、用到的方法

    public static class ChartUtils
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 增加数据筛选
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="SeriesBase">Series</param>
        /// <param name="columnName">列名称</param>
        /// <param name="value">列名称对应的筛选数值</param>
        /// <param name="dataFilterCondition">DataFilterCondition枚举</param>
        public static void AddDataFilter(this SeriesBase series, string columnName, object value, DataFilterCondition dataFilterCondition)
        {
            series.DataFilters.Add(new DataFilter(columnName, value.GetType().FullName, dataFilterCondition, value));
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置X轴Lable角度
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
        /// <param name="angle">角度</param>
        public static void SetXLableAngle(this ChartControl chart, int angle)
        {
            XYDiagram _xyDiagram = (XYDiagram)chart.Diagram;
            if (_xyDiagram != null)
                _xyDiagram.AxisX.Label.Angle = angle;
        }
        /// <summary>
        ///  设置Y轴Lable角度
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
        /// <param name="angle">角度</param>
        public static void SetYLableAngle(this ChartControl chart, int angle)
        {
            XYDiagram _xyDiagram = (XYDiagram)chart.Diagram;
            _xyDiagram.AxisY.Label.Angle = angle;
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置ColorEach
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
        /// <param name="colorEach">是否设置成ColorEach</param>
        public static void SetColorEach(this Series series, bool colorEach)
        {
            SeriesViewColorEachSupportBase colorEachView = (SeriesViewColorEachSupportBase)series.View;
            if (colorEachView != null)
            {
                colorEachView.ColorEach = colorEach;
            }
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置是否显示十字标线
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
        /// <param name="crosshair">是否显示十字标线</param>
        public static void SetCrosshair(this ChartControl chart, bool crosshair)
        {
            chart.CrosshairEnabled = crosshair ? DefaultBoolean.True : DefaultBoolean.False;
            chart.CrosshairOptions.ShowArgumentLabels = crosshair;
            chart.CrosshairOptions.ShowArgumentLine = crosshair;
            chart.CrosshairOptions.ShowValueLabels = crosshair;
            chart.CrosshairOptions.ShowValueLine = crosshair;
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 新增ChartControl的Title文字
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
        /// <param name="title">Title文字</param>
        public static void AddTitle(this ChartControl chart, string title)
        {
            chart.Titles.Clear();  //先清除以前的标题
            ChartTitle _title = new ChartTitle();
            _title.Text = title;
            chart.Titles.Add(_title);
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 饼状Series设置成百分比显示
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="series">Series</param>
        public static void SetPiePercentage(this Series series)
        {
            if (series.View is PieSeriesView)
            {
                ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).PercentOptions.ValueAsPercent = true;
                ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Format = NumericFormat.Percent;
                ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Precision = 0;
            }
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 饼状Series设置显示格式,是以数字还是百分号显示
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="series">Series</param>
        public static void SetPieNumber(Series series)
        {
            if (series.View is PieSeriesView)
            {
                //设置为值
                ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).PercentOptions.ValueAsPercent = false;
                ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Format = NumericFormat.Number;
                ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Precision = 0;
            }
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// ChartControl设置标题
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chartControl"></param>
        /// <param name="HTitle"></param>
        public static void SetHZTitle(ref ChartControl chartControl, string HTitle)
        {
            chartControl.Titles.Clear();                    //先清除以前的标题
    
            //横标题设置
            ChartTitle titles = new ChartTitle();            //声明标题
    
            titles.Text = HTitle;                            //名称
            titles.TextColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;   //颜色
            titles.Indent = 5;                                //设置距离  值越小柱状图就越大
            titles.Font = new Font("Tahoma", 14, FontStyle.Bold);            //设置字体
            titles.Dock = ChartTitleDockStyle.Top;           //设置对齐方式
            titles.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;       //居中对齐
            chartControl.Titles.Add(titles);                 //添加标题                    
        }
    }

    实现结果:

    柱状图

    四、事件

    1、CustomDrawAxisLabel : 接管此事件来获得轴标签。定制轴标签

    private void chartControl1_CustomDrawAxisLabel(object sender, CustomDrawAxisLabelEventArgs e)
    {
        AxisBase axis = e.Item.Axis;
        if (axis is AxisY || axis is AxisY3D || axis is RadarAxisY)
        {
            double axisValue = (double)e.Item.AxisValue;
            if (axisValue < 0)
            {
                e.Item.TextColor = Color.Red;
            }
            else if (axisValue > 0)
            {
                e.Item.Text = "+" + e.Item.Text;
                e.Item.TextColor = Color.Green;
            }
            else if (axisValue == 0)
            {
                e.Item.Text = "Zero";
            }
        }
    }

    2、ObjectHotTracked:鼠标指针悬停位置

    private void chartControl1_ObjectHotTracked(object sender, HotTrackEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.AdditionalObject is AxisTitle)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(e.AdditionalObject.GetType().ToString());
        }
    }

    3、CustomDrawSeries :自定义绘制系列

    private void chartControl1_CustomDrawSeries(object sender, CustomDrawSeriesEventArgs e)
    {
        // Find all Bar Series by their view type,and fill them with Aqua color.
        if (e.Series.View is BarSeriesView)
            e.SeriesDrawOptions.Color = Color.Aqua;
    
        // Find the series by its name,  and change its line style to dash-dot-dot. (Here it's assumed that the series view type is LineSeriesView).
        if (e.Series.Name == "Line Series")
            ((LineDrawOptions)e.SeriesDrawOptions).LineStyle.DashStyle = DevExpress.XtraCharts.DashStyle.DashDotDot;
    
        // Find all Point Series by the type of its DrawOptions, and change their marker kind to diamond.
        if (e.SeriesDrawOptions.GetType() == typeof(PointDrawOptions))
            ((PointDrawOptions)e.SeriesDrawOptions).Marker.Kind =
            MarkerKind.Diamond;
    }

    4、CustomDrawSeriesPoint:自定义绘制系列点

    private void chartControl1_CustomDrawSeriesPoint(object sender, CustomDrawSeriesPointEventArgs e)
    {
        // These changes will be applied to Bar Series only.
        BarDrawOptions drawOptions = e.SeriesDrawOptions as BarDrawOptions;
        if (drawOptions == null)
            return;
    
        // Get the fill options for the series point.
        drawOptions.FillStyle.FillMode = DevExpress.XtraCharts.FillMode.Gradient;
        RectangleGradientFillOptions options = drawOptions.FillStyle.Options as RectangleGradientFillOptions;
        if (options == null)
            return;
    
        // Get the value at the current series point.
        double val = e.SeriesPoint[0];
        // If the value is less than 1, hide the point's label.
        if (e.SeriesPoint[0] < 1)
        {
            e.LabelText = "";
        }
        // If the value is less than 2.5, then fill the bar with green colors.
        if (val < 2.5)
        {
            options.Color2 = Color.FromArgb(154, 196, 84);
            drawOptions.Color = Color.FromArgb(81, 137, 3);
            drawOptions.Border.Color = Color.FromArgb(100, 39, 91, 1);
        }
        // ... if the value is less than 5.5, then fill the bar with yellow colors.
        else if (val < 5.5)
        {
            options.Color2 = Color.FromArgb(254, 233, 124);
            drawOptions.Color = Color.FromArgb(249, 170, 15);
            drawOptions.Border.Color = Color.FromArgb(60, 165, 73, 5);
        }
        // ... if the value is greater, then fill the bar with red colors.
        else
        {
            options.Color2 = Color.FromArgb(242, 143, 112);
            drawOptions.Color = Color.FromArgb(199, 57, 12);
            drawOptions.Border.Color = Color.FromArgb(100, 155, 26, 0);
        }
    }

    五、导出

    1、导出为PDF:

    图表会被自动拆分,

    if (chartControlidx.IsPrintingAvailable) //是否能被打印或输出
       {
         // Exports to a PDF file.
         chartControlidx.ExportToPdf(path);
         // Exports to a stream as PDF.
         System.IO.FileStream pdfStream = new System.IO.FileStream(path, System.IO.FileMode.Create);
         chartControlidx.ExportToPdf(pdfStream);
          //...
          pdfStream.Close();
        }

    2、导出为图像文件:

    if (chartControlidx.IsPrintingAvailable) //是否能被打印或输出
      {
        // Create an image in the specified format from the chart and save it to the specified path.
        chartControlidx.ExportToImage(path, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);   //png格式
      }

    六、参考

    https://www.cnblogs.com/Mr-Li-2016/p/6115089.html

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/springsnow/p/11613579.html
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