Python的功能模块[0] -> wmi -> 获取 Windows 内部信息

wmi模块 / wmi Module

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WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) 模块可用于获取 Windows 内部信息。该模块需要 win32com 的支持，环境安装如下，

pip install wmi  
pip install pypiwin32  

模块信息

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WMI() 类

类实例化：w = wmi.WMI()

类的功能: 用于生成 WMI 的实例

传入参数: 无

返回参数: w

Win32_Processor() 方法

函数调用: processorList = w.Win32_Processor()

函数功能: 用于获取处理器信息对象，并存以列表形式

传入参数: 无

返回参数: processorList

processorList: list类型，list中每个元素均为一个含cpu信息的object

cpu object通过object.name调用，所含信息包括:

instance of Win32_Processor  
{  
    AddressWidth = 64;  
    Architecture = 9;  
    Availability = 3;  
    Caption = "Intel64 Family 6 Model 78 Stepping 3";  
    CpuStatus = 1;  
    CreationClassName = "Win32_Processor";  
    CurrentClockSpeed = 2376;  
    CurrentVoltage = 9;  
    DataWidth = 64;  
    Description = "Intel64 Family 6 Model 78 Stepping 3";  
    DeviceID = "CPU0";  
    ExtClock = 100;  
    Family = 205;  
    L2CacheSize = 512;  
    L3CacheSize = 3072;  
    L3CacheSpeed = 0;  
    Level = 6;  
    LoadPercentage = 29;  
    Manufacturer = "GenuineIntel";  
    MaxClockSpeed = 2401;  
    Name = "Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6300U CPU @ 2.40GHz";  
    NumberOfCores = 2;  
    NumberOfLogicalProcessors = 4;  
    PowerManagementSupported = FALSE;  
    ProcessorId = "BFEBFBFF000406E3";  
    ProcessorType = 3;  
    Revision = 19971;  
    Role = "CPU";  
    SocketDesignation = "U3E1";  
    Status = "OK";  
    StatusInfo = 3;  
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";  
    SystemName = "CN00208511";  
    UpgradeMethod = 1;  
    Version = "";  
};  

 Win32_PhysicalMemory() 方法

函数调用: memModuleList = w.Win32_PhysicalMemory()

函数功能: 用于获取物理内存信息对象，并存以列表形式

传入参数: 无

返回参数: memModuleList

memModuleList: list 类型，list 中每个元素均为一个含物理内存信息的 object

物理内存 object 通过 object.name 调用，所含信息包括:

instance of Win32_PhysicalMemory  
{  
    BankLabel = "ChannelA";  
    Capacity = "8589934592";  
    Caption = "Physical Memory";  
    CreationClassName = "Win32_PhysicalMemory";  
    DataWidth = 64;  
    Description = "Physical Memory";  
    DeviceLocator = "Bottom-Slot 1(left)";  
    FormFactor = 12;  
    InterleaveDataDepth = 0;  
    InterleavePosition = 0;  
    Manufacturer = "Hynix/Hyundai";  
    MemoryType = 0;  
    Name = "Physical Memory";  
    PartNumber = "HMA81GS6AFR8N-UH    ";  
    PositionInRow = 1;  
    SerialNumber = "28ECE200";  
    Speed = 2133;  
    Tag = "Physical Memory 0";  
    TotalWidth = 64;  
    TypeDetail = 16512;  
};  

Win32_LogicalDisk () 方法

函数调用: diskList = w.Win32_LogicalDisk(DriverType=3)

函数功能:用于获取磁盘信息对象，并存以列表形式

传入参数: *argv

DriverType: int 类型，筛选驱动类型

返回参数: diskList

diskList: list类型，list 中每个元素均为一个含磁盘信息的object

磁盘信息 object 通过object.name调用，所含信息包括:

instance of Win32_LogicalDisk  
{  
    Access = 0;  
    Caption = "C:";  
    Compressed = FALSE;  
    CreationClassName = "Win32_LogicalDisk";  
    Description = "Local Fixed Disk";  
    DeviceID = "C:";  
    DriveType = 3;  
    FileSystem = "NTFS";  
    FreeSpace = "142053064704";  
    MaximumComponentLength = 255;  
    MediaType = 12;  
    Name = "C:";  
    Size = "228134481920";  
    SupportsDiskQuotas = FALSE;  
    SupportsFileBasedCompression = TRUE;  
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";  
    SystemName = "CN00208511";  
    VolumeName = "OSDisk";  
    VolumeSerialNumber = "3AFBC150";  
};  
  
  
instance of Win32_LogicalDisk  
{  
    Access = 0;  
    Caption = "D:";  
    Compressed = FALSE;  
    CreationClassName = "Win32_LogicalDisk";  
    Description = "Local Fixed Disk";  
    DeviceID = "D:";  
    DriveType = 3;  
    FileSystem = "FAT32";  
    FreeSpace = "1067384832";  
    MaximumComponentLength = 255;  
    MediaType = 12;  
    Name = "D:";  
    Size = "1069547520";  
    SupportsDiskQuotas = FALSE;  
    SupportsFileBasedCompression = FALSE;  
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";  
    SystemName = "CN00208511";  
    VolumeName = "HP_TOOLS";  
    VolumeSerialNumber = "B2FBEEA0";  
};  
  
  
instance of Win32_LogicalDisk  
{  
    Access = 0;  
    Caption = "E:";  
    Compressed = FALSE;  
    CreationClassName = "Win32_LogicalDisk";  
    Description = "Local Fixed Disk";  
    DeviceID = "E:";  
    DriveType = 3;  
    FileSystem = "NTFS";  
    FreeSpace = "21400256512";  
    MaximumComponentLength = 255;  
    MediaType = 12;  
    Name = "E:";  
    Size = "26843541504";  
    SupportsDiskQuotas = FALSE;  
    SupportsFileBasedCompression = TRUE;  
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";  
    SystemName = "CN00208511";  
    VolumeName = "HP_RECOVERY";  
    VolumeSerialNumber = "BCFC555B";  
};  

Win32_ NetworkAdapterConfiguration()方法

函数调用: interfaceList = w.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration(IPEnabled=1)

函数功能: 用于网络接口信息对象，并存以列表形式

传入参数: *argv

IPEnabled: bool 类型，可传入1，默认为False，为 True 将显示 IP 信息

返回参数: interfaceList

interfaceList: list 类型，list 中每个元素均为一个网络接口信息的 object

网络接口信息 object 通过 object.name 调用，所含信息包括（部分具体信息已删除）:

instance of Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration  
{  
    Caption = "[00000011] Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 8260";  
    DatabasePath = "%SystemRoot%\System32\drivers\etc";  
    DefaultIPGateway = {"192.168.1.1"};  
    Description = "Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 8260";  
    DHCPEnabled = TRUE;  
    DHCPLeaseExpires = "20170531002222.000000+480";  
    DHCPLeaseObtained = "20170530222222.000000+480";  
    DHCPServer = "192.168.1.1";  
    DNSDomain = "DHCP HOST";  
    DNSDomainSuffixSearchOrder = {"ericsson.se", "DHCP HOST"};  
    DNSEnabledForWINSResolution = FALSE;  
    DNSHostName = "";  
    DNSServerSearchOrder = {"", ""};  
    DomainDNSRegistrationEnabled = FALSE;  
    FullDNSRegistrationEnabled = TRUE;  
    GatewayCostMetric = {0};  
    Index = 11;  
    InterfaceIndex = 12;  
    IPAddress = {"", ""};  
    IPConnectionMetric = 20;  
    IPEnabled = TRUE;  
    IPFilterSecurityEnabled = FALSE;  
    IPSecPermitIPProtocols = {};  
    IPSecPermitTCPPorts = {};  
    IPSecPermitUDPPorts = {};  
    IPSubnet = {"", ""};  
    MACAddress = "";  
    ServiceName = "NETwNs64";  
    SettingID = "{}";  
    TcpipNetbiosOptions = 0;  
    WINSEnableLMHostsLookup = TRUE;  
    WINSScopeID = "";  
};  

利用wmi模块获取PC信息

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获取PC信息的步骤主要有:

（1）打开存储信息的文件;

（2）实例化WMI类，利用各函数获取硬件信息类的列表;

（3）遍历硬件信息类列表，获取硬件信息并写入存储文件。

import wmi 
hardware=open('Hardware.txt', 'w')
   
w=wmi.WMI()

hardware.write("cpu type，main frequency：
")
for processor in w.Win32_Processor():
    hardware.write("Processor ID: %s" % processor.DeviceID)
    hardware.write("
Process Name: %s" % processor.Name.strip()+'

') 
hardware.write('Memory size：')
totalMemSize=0
for memModule in w.Win32_PhysicalMemory():
    totalMemSize+=int(memModule.Capacity)
    hardware.write("
Memory Capacity: %.2fMB" %((totalMemSize+1048575)/1048576)+'

') 
hardware.write('Hard disk usage：')
for disk in w.Win32_LogicalDisk (DriveType=3):
    temp=disk.Caption+" %0.2f%% free" %(100.0 * int(disk.FreeSpace) / int(disk.Size))
    hardware.write('
'+temp)
    hardware.write('
') 
hardware.write('
IP and MAC：
')
for interface in w.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration(IPEnabled=1):
    hardware.write('Network card driver information：')
    hardware.write(interface.Description+'
') 
    hardware.write('Network card MAC address：')
    hardware.write(interface.MACAddress+'
')
    hardware.write('IP address：')
    hardware.write(interface.IPAddress[0]+'
')
    hardware.write('Network IP interface')
    hardware.write(interface.IPAddress[1]+'
')
hardware.close()

最终可以在当前目录下得到一个包含硬件信息的文本文件。