yum仓库搭建、http源码编译和磁盘分区

自建yum仓库，分别为网络源和本地源

1、在centos7安装yum源：

1、本地自建yum仓库：首先需要启动神奇目录ls  /misc/cd，用来挂载光盘，

1、  安装autofs软件，并启动。

[root@centos7-2 ~]# yum install autofs   # 安装autofs
[root@centos7-2 ~]# systemctl start autofs  # 启动autofs
[root@centos7-2 ~]# systemctl enable autofs  # 下次开机启动autofs
[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]# rm -rf repo.*  #  删除yum源多余的文件

2、配置yum仓库

[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]#vim development.repo  创建Yum仓库

[development]
baseurl=file:///misc/cd
#gpgcheck=0
gpgcheck=file:///misc/cd/RPM-GPG-KEY-CenstOS-7
enable=1

3、yum repolist  加载当前的yum源仓库　

2、光盘挂载到httpd服务上的yum源仓库

1、安装Http服务，并讲/dev/sr0挂载到指定的目录下

[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]#mkdir -pv  /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/ 新建一个类似光盘的路径目录
[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]#yum install httpd -y  安装httpd服务
[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]#systemctl start httpd  启动httpd服务
[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64  将本地光盘挂载到httpd网上

2、创建yum仓库

[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]#vim   base.repo  开始创建yum仓库
[base]
baseurl=http://192.168.34.101/CentOS/$releasever/os/$basearch
gpgcheck= 0
enable=1

3、yum repolist  加载当前的Yum源仓库

3、创建网络yum源仓库（ELPL源）

[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]#cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

1、直接在阿里官网找到elpl源仓库，将repodata上级所有目录都复制出来，放到baseurl指定的目录即可：

[root@centos7-2 yum.repos.d]#vim elpl.repo

[elpl]
baseurl= https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/x86_64
gpgcheck=0
enable=1

2、yum repolist 加载当前的yum源仓库　

源码编译httpd服务

1、下载httpd源码包

在官网上下载httpd源码包http://httpd.apache.org，也可以在linux中输入rpm -qi httpd查看到当前下载源码httpd的网址

下载到linux的data目录下，然后进行解压：

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[root@ansibledata]#rz   [root@ansibledata]#tar xf httpd-2.4.39

注意：一定要在解压后的httpd目录下安装，下面的编译需要用到httdp目录下的脚本，所以我用cd httpd把目录切换到httpd中去进入cd httpd-2.4.27/

2、查看INSTALL、README 这些帮助信息

查询 cat INSTALL，里边有简单的安装过程，和一些例子

 

查询 cat README，（what is it ?）里边有一些Apache 的功能介绍

3、configure脚本（检测当前编译环境）

（1）./configure --help 查询这个脚本的用法，

--prefix=PREFIX  指定默认安装总目录, 默认为/usr/local/

--sysconfdir=/PATH 配置文件安装位置，默认就安装到指定安装总目录的下面

 Optional Features:  需要什么功能

--disable-FEATURE 关闭某些功能

--enable-FEATURE 开启某些功能

 

下面我们就来执行这个脚本，添加一些简单的设置

手工创建账号：

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#useradd -r -u 80 -d /var/www  -s /sbin/nologin httpd

（1）首先安装development-tools包，因为没有C编译工具，缺少gcc，这时候，我们需要下一个包组development tools

yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools"

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#yum groupinstall "development tools"

（2）首次安装包，会有一些提示错误，第一次安装没有一些准备好的包，可以根据提示错误进行安装：

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#./configure  --prefix=/app/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-ssl --disable-status

（3）我们只需按照提示的错误，把需要的都安装上去（直到没有提示错误）

先查询缺少的 yum search apr-devel（一般关于开发的都叫 devel）

再安装 yum -y install apr-devel

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#yum install apr-devel

　

（4）此时缺少apr-util包，按照提示错误来进行下一步安装：

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#yum install apr-util-devel

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#./configure  --prefix=/app/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-ssl --disable-status

　

 （5）根据提示错误继续往下安装，此时缺少pcre包，安装pcre-devel包

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#yum install pcre-devel

　继续执行指定路径的包安装

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#./configure  --prefix=/app/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-ssl --disable-status

（6）根据提示的错误，安装openssl-devel包：

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#yum install openssl-devel

（7）再执行指定路径的包安装，此时就已经完成指定路径包的安装。

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#./configure  --prefix=/app/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-ssl --disable-status

（8）configure脚本完全执行成功（多了一个Makefile）没有Makefile 

 

4、make和make install编译

（1）进行make编译，make 编译后，多了很多.o .lo 文件 （二进制文件）,在此之前的工作，任何用户都能做，并且都在httpd-2.4.27 这个目录下进行

1	[root@ansiblehttpd-2.4.39]#make

（2）make install 安装到指定位置，只有root 能做，此时httpd的编译完成。

1	[root@ansiblehttpd]#make install

（3）切换到/app/httpd/bin执行程序目录下，此时去执行服务启动，都必须是./apachectl start，不太方便，我们可以指定变量路径

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[root@ansiblehttpd]#cd /app/httpd/bin [root@ansiblebin]#pwd /app/httpd/bin [root@ansiblebin]#echo 'PATH=/app/httpd/bin:$PATH'  > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh 定义一个/app/httpd/bin的配置文件路径 [root@ansiblebin]#apachectl start   启动当前编译的httpd服务

此时在网上输入本机的IP地址就可以访问信息：

 5、安装后的配置

 导入帮助手册man           

　　vim /etc/man_db.conf

　　加入一行 MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /app/httpd/man

3、创建一个2G的文件系统，块大小为2048byte，预留1%可用空间,文件系统 ext4，卷标为TEST，要求此分区开机后自动挂载至/test目录，且默认有acl挂载选项

（1）先在/dev/sdb磁盘上创建一个2G的分区

[root@centos6~]#fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xef64b475.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xef64b475

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-26108, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-26108, default 26108): +2G  

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

查看此时的/dev/sdb的分区大小是2G

[root@centos6~]#lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0     11:0    1  3.7G  0 rom  
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0 97.7G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0 48.8G  0 part /data
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
sdb      8:16   0  200G  0 disk 
└─sdb1   8:17   0 15.7M  0 part 

（2）指定磁盘空间及系统标记：块大小为2048byte，预留1%可用空间,文件系统 ext4，卷标为TEST

[root@centos6~]#mkfs.ext4 -b 2048 -L "TEST" -m 1 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=TEST
OS type: Linux
Block size=2048 (log=1)
Fragment size=2048 (log=1)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131560 inodes, 1052240 blocks
10522 blocks (1.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=538968064
65 block groups
16384 blocks per group, 16384 fragments per group
2024 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	16384, 49152, 81920, 114688, 147456, 409600, 442368, 802816

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

查看指定后的分区信息：

lsblk  /dev/sdb1　

[root@centos6~]#blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="TEST" UUID="9250f7d0-977b-4c0b-bba8-7dfca23c3dcd" TYPE="ext4" 

查看文件系统的ACL功能：

tune2fs  -l /dev/sdb1

[root@centos6~]#tune2fs -l  /dev/sdb1
tune2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem volume name:   TEST
Last mounted on:          <not available>
Filesystem UUID:          9250f7d0-977b-4c0b-bba8-7dfca23c3dcd
Filesystem magic number:  0xEF53
Filesystem revision #:    1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features:      has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
Filesystem flags:         signed_directory_hash 
Default mount options:    acl
Filesystem state:         clean
Errors behavior:          Continue
Filesystem OS type:       Linux
Inode count:              131560
Block count:              1052240
Reserved block count:     10522
Free blocks:              998252
Free inodes:              131549
First block:              0
Block size:               2048
Fragment size:            2048
Reserved GDT blocks:      512
Blocks per group:         16384
Fragments per group:      16384
Inodes per group:         2024
Inode blocks per group:   253
Flex block group size:    16
Filesystem created:       Sun Nov 10 09:17:32 2019
Last mount time:          n/a
Last write time:          Sun Nov 10 09:21:25 2019
Mount count:              0
Maximum mount count:      22
Last checked:             Sun Nov 10 09:17:32 2019
Check interval:           15552000 (6 months)
Next check after:         Fri May  8 09:17:32 2020
Lifetime writes:          97 MB
Reserved blocks uid:      0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid:      0 (group root)
First inode:              11
Inode size:	          256
Required extra isize:     28
Desired extra isize:      28
Journal inode:            8
Default directory hash:   half_md4
Directory Hash Seed:      840447d7-3f85-4ff3-bec5-89fb0e95a853
Journal backup:           inode block

（3）开机挂载/dev/sdb1磁盘：

vim /dev/fstab  将文件UUID写入到配置文件中即可：

[root@centos6~]#cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Aug 22 15:06:16 2019
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=26a9ab70-c62f-471f-bdf2-bb38c350526a /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=e1f6dde3-d380-4e79-80cc-b41fbf93f404 /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
UUID=7f570fd9-b234-46a1-9bc5-c8cf3942d9ca /data                   ext4    defaults        1 2
UUID=be5f6d9c-1887-4895-ac3f-c795f2eaafac swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
UUID=9250f7d0-977b-4c0b-bba8-7dfca23c3dcd /mnt/sdb1               ext4    defaults        0 0

4、创建一个至少有两个PV组成的大小为20G的名为testvg的VG;要求PE大小 为16MB, 而后在卷组中创建大小为5G的逻辑卷testlv;挂载至/users目录

　（1）虚拟机上安上两个10G的虚拟硬盘，然后组合PV物理组：

[root@ansiblehttpd]#pvcreate /dev/{sdc,sdd}
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.
  Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created.

　（2）创建PE为16MB的VG组

[root@ansiblehttpd]#vgcreate -s 16m vg0 /dev/sd{c,d} 
  Volume group "vg0" successfully created

　（3）将卷组创建成5G逻辑卷

[root@ansiblehttpd]#lvcreate -n testly  -L 5G vg0
  Logical Volume "testly" already exists in volume group "vg0"

　（4）格式化当前的卷组

[root@ansiblehttpd]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg0/testly
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
16384 inodes, 65536 blocks
3276 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=33685504
8 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	8193, 24577, 40961, 57345

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

查看当前的卷组信息：

[root@ansible~]#pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdc
  VG Name               vg0
  PV Size               10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes 
  PE Size               16.00 MiB
  Total PE              639
  Free PE               635
  Allocated PE          4
  PV UUID               AYecKo-37eD-N6sC-jL33-kCrb-ACAV-ez47oc
   
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdd
  VG Name               vg0
  PV Size               10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes 
  PE Size               16.00 MiB
  Total PE              639
  Free PE               639
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               JMGIQr-CS6e-XpUb-1MNu-J4fW-faeW-twAMni

（5）挂载卷组

[root@ansiblehttpd]#mount /dev/vg0/testly /users