3、k8s 安装master

一、下载包【地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases】（master主机，尽量下载正式版）

    ①、本地上传压缩包至linux服务器

#windows系统本地上传到linux
scp -r D:迅雷下载kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@172.17.217.232:/usr/local/bin

#wget下载二进制包【需要科学·上网】
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.15.2/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

#解压
tar -xvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

#创建kubernetes相关文件夹
mkdir /opt/kubernetes

#创建二进制、配置文件、ssl文件夹
mkdir /opt/kubernetes/ bin cfg ssl

#将二进制文件复制至/opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubernetes/server/bin/{kube-controller-manager,kube-apiserver,kubectl,kube-scheduler} /opt/kubernetes/bin/

     ②、创建api证书配置文件

#创建ca颁发机构配置

vi  /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json


{
    "signing": {
        "default": {
            "expiry": "175200h" #过期时间20年
        },
        "profiles": {
            "server": {
                "expiry": "175200h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth"
                ]
            },
            "client": {
                "expiry": "175200h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            },
            "kubernetes": {
                "expiry": "175200h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

#创建ca颁发机构配置
vi /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json

#配置信息
{
    "signing": {
        "default": {
            "expiry": "175200h" #过期时间20年
        },
        "profiles": {
            "server": {
                "expiry": "175200h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth"
                ]
            },
            "client": {
                "expiry": "175200h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            },
            "kubernetes": {
                "expiry": "175200h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

#ca颁发机构证书配置

vi /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-csr.json
#写入配置
{
    "CN": "kubernetes CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "guangdong",
            "ST": "shenzhen"
        }
    ]
}

#hosts中将所有可能作为apiserver的ip添加进去， 也要加入
vi  /opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-csr.json

#写入配置

{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
    "172.17.217.232",
    "127.0.0.1",
    "172.17.217.226",
    "172.17.217.228",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "guangdong",
            "ST": "shenzhen"
        }
    ]
}

#创建kube-proxy-csr.josn文件
vi /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-csr.json

#写入配置
{

"CN": "kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "guangdong",
      "ST": "shenzhen",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

           颁发证书：

#颁发ca证书
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

#签发kube-proxy证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

#签发apiserver证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

    ③、创建配置(kube-apiserver.conf)

vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf

KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true #是否开启标转错误日志
--v=4  #日志级别
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs #日志存放地址
--etcd-servers=https://172.17.217.232:2379,https://172.17.217.226:2379,https://172.17.217.228:2379 #etcd节点地址
--bind-address=172.17.217.232 #当前master绑定地址
--secure-port=6443 #当前监听端口
--advertise-address=172.17.217.228 #通告其他节点地址
--allow-privileged=true #是否使用管理员创建容器
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 #service服务网段
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction #使用插件
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node #授权模式、角色、节点
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true #基于bootstrap自签颁发证书
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv #自签证书配置
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 #端口范围
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  #访问apiserver 证书
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem 
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem #访问etcd证书
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem 
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem 
--audit-log-maxage=30 #日志相关配置
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 
--audit-log-maxsize=100 
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s.log"

    ④、创建配置（kube-controller-manager.conf）

#创建配置文件
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf

#写入配置
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true #标准错误日志
--v=4 #日志等级
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs 
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 #api-server 地址
--leader-elect=true #多个
--address=127.0.0.1 #监听地址
--allocate-node-cidrs=true #是否支持网络插件
--cluster-cidr=10.224.0.0/16 #基于网络插件网段
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 #客户端地址范围
--cluster-name=kubernetes 
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem"

    ⑤、创建配置（kube-scheduler.conf）

#创建配置
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf

#写入配置
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true 
--v=4 
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs 
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 #master 地址
--leader-elect #自动选举
--address=127.0.0.1"#当前监听地址

    ⑥、创建启动服务（kube-apiserver.service）

#创建启动服务文件
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

#写入配置
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf #指定配置文件
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

⑦、创建启动服务（kube-controller-manager.service）

#创建启动服务文件
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

#写入配置
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

⑧、创建启动配置（kube-scheduler.service）

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

    ⑨、创建token.csv【自签证书】

#创建token.csv文件
touch /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
#token【随机生成】                 #用户名            #用户Id  #用户所在命名空间
b2h326jj2sns6bryahz4i1m6cklesj9o,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"  

    ⑩、启动服务查看服务

#启动、开机自启动apiserver
systemctl  start    kube-apiserver
systemctl  enable   kube-apiserver

#启动、开机自启动controller-manager
systemctl  start    kube-controller-manager
systemctl  enable   kube-controller-manager

#启动开机自启scheduler
systemctl  start    kube-scheduler
systemctl  enable   kube-scheduler

#查看运行服务
ps aux |grep kube

#查看服务运行状态
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs

#将kubectl复制到/bin/下【直接执行 kubectl get cs】
cp /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl /bin/

           查看运行状态

        

 二、错误查看、排查

        ①、查看错误日志

cat /var/log/messages|grep kube-apiserver|grep -i error

       ②、服务启动失败排查错误，执行失败会打印出错误信息【例如api-server】

#执行kube-apiserver 加上配置
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver --logtostderr=true --v=4 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs 
  --etcd-servers=https://192.168.2.200:2379,https://192.168.2.110:2379 
  --bind-address=192.168.2.200 
  --secure-port=6443 
  --advertise-address=192.168.2.200 
  --allow-privileged=true 
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 
  --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction 
  --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node 
  --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true 
  --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv 
  --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 
  --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  
  --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem 
  --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
  --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem 
  --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem 
  --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem 
  --audit-log-maxage=30 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s.log