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正确答案：D
一、模拟上题的错误：
１、删除4号文件
[oracle@mydb ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/ [oracle@mydb ocm]$ rm -rf users01.dbf
２、数据库宕机
sys@OCM> shutdown abort; ORACLE instance shut down.
３、启动数据库报错，与上题报错一样
sys@OCM> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes Fixed Size 2233000 bytes Variable Size 583011672 bytes Database Buffers 247463936 bytes Redo Buffers 6574080 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf'
４、如果试图在没有执行advise failure命令时使用repair failure命令，将出现如下错误：
[oracle@mydb ~]$ rman target / RMAN> repair failure; using target database control file instead of recovery catalog RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of repair command at 09/01/2013 23:15:16 RMAN-06954: REPAIR command must be preceded by ADVISE command in same session
主要原因是：在运行repairfailure之前，要先运行advise failure，让rman列出错误，并且生成修复脚本，之后运行repair failure修复错误。
一、正确的恢复的过程如下：
１、 启动RMAN客户机，并使用前一节介绍的数据库修复命令来解决丢失数据问题，我们从list failure命令开始：
RMAN> list failure; List of Database Failures ========================= Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary ---------- -------- --------- ------------- ------- 2002 HIGH OPEN 01-SEP-13 One or more non-system datafiles are missing
２、advisefailure命令对记录在自动诊断信息库中的所有故障给出建议。默认时，此命令只列出具有critical或high优先级的那些故障。除了产生所有输入故障的摘要外，此命令还对每个故障提供一个建议修复选项。通常，advise failure命令同时给出自动和手动修复选项。在advisefailure命令输出结束时，RMAN生成一个脚本，列出建议的修复选项的细节。如果你想自己进行修复，可以直接使用这个脚本，或者对它进行修改。
RMAN> advise failure; List of Database Failures ========================= Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary ---------- -------- --------- ------------- ------- 2002 HIGH OPEN 01-SEP-13 One or more non-system datafiles are missing analyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK analyzing automatic repair options complete Mandatory Manual Actions ======================== no manual actions available Optional Manual Actions ======================= 1. If file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it Automated Repair Options ======================== Option Repair Description ------ ------------------ 1 Restore and recover datafile 4 Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocm/ocm/hm/reco_3275375759.hm
３、利用advise failure命令提供的建议，epair failure根据建议修复错误。
RMAN> repair failure; Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocm/ocm/hm/reco_3275375759.hm contents of repair script: # restore and recover datafile restore datafile 4; recover datafile 4; sql 'alter database datafile 4 online'; Do you really want to execute the above repair (enter YES or NO)? Y executing repair script Starting restore at 01-SEP-13 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/0uoiptgq_1_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/0uoiptgq_1_1 tag=TAG20130901T230250 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 Finished restore at 01-SEP-13 Starting recover at 01-SEP-13 using channel ORA_DISK_1 starting media recovery media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished recover at 01-SEP-13 sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online repair failure complete Do you want to open the database (enter YES or NO)? Y database opened
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