前台:
$('.btn').click(function(){
$.ajax({
url:'/ajaxload/'
type: 'get|post',
data: {
usr: 'abc',
pwd: '123',
},
success: function(data) {
// data为string类型数据
},
error: function(e) {
// 请求失败分支
}
})
})
后台:
def ajax_load(request):
if request.is_ajax():
if request.method == 'GET':
usr = request.GET.get('usr', None)
pwd = request.GET.get('pwd', None)
if request.method == 'POST':
usr = request.POST.get('usr', None)
pwd = request.POST.get('pwd', None)
return HttpResponse('OK')
## ajax - json数据响应
前台
```js
$.ajax({
...,
dataType: 'json', // 如果用HttpResponse返回数据可能出现请求失败
data: {
usr: 'abc',
pwd: '123',
},
success: function(data) {
// data为object类型
}
})
后台
```python
# HttpResponse返回json类型数据 (不建议)
import json
json_data = json.dumps({'msg': 'OK'}, ensure_ascii=False)
return HttpResponse(json_data, content_type='application/json')
from django.http import JsonResponse
# JsonResponse返回json类型数据 (建议)
data = {'msg': 'OK'}
return JsonResponse(data, safe=False, json_dumps_params={'ensure_ascii': False})
## ajax - json数据请求（了解）
前台
```js
$.ajax({
...,
// 按json格式提交json字符串数据
contentType: 'application/json',
// 将json数据格式化为字符串
data: JSON.stringify({usr: 'abc', pwd: '123'}),
success: function(data) {
}
})
```
后台
```python
# 后台的数据，在request对象的body中不再被主动解析到GET|POST中
import json
# 手动解析json字符串，转化字典并替代request.POST对象，就可以继续用request.POST获取数据
json_dic = json.loads(request.body)
request.POST = json_dic
...
# 可以封装成装饰器
## Django分页模块
```python
from django.core.paginator import Paginator
# 分页对象列表
book_list = Book.objects.all()
# 分页对象
paginator = Paginator(book_list, 6) # 分页对象列表，每一页对象(最大)数
# 对象总个数
count = paginator.count
# 总分页树
num_pages = paginator.num_pages
# 页码列表(可迭代对象)
page_range = paginator.page_range
# 某一具体页
page = paginator.page(3) # 具体第几页
# 是否有上一页
page.has_previous()
# 上一页编码
page.previous_page_number()
# 是否有下一页
page.has_next()
# 下一页编码
page.next_page_number()
```
## 批量插入数据
```python
book_list = []
for i in range(100):
book = Book(name='book%s' % i, price=11.11, publish_date='2018-1-1', publish_id=1)
book_list.append(book)
# 操作对象列表，一次操作多少条数据
Book.objects.bulk_create(book_list, 20)
```
## 分页器代码
前台
```html
<nav aria-label="Page navigation">
<ul class="pagination">
<li>
{% if current_page.has_previous %}
<a href="/book/?page={{ current_num|add:-1 }}" aria-label="Previous">
{% else %}
<a href="javascript:void(0)" aria-label="Previous">
{% endif %}
<span aria-hidden="true">«</span>
</a>
</li>
{% if current_num == 1 %}
<li class="active">
{% else %}
<li>
{% endif %}
<a href="/book/?page=1">1</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)">...</a></li>
{% for num in page_range %}
{% if current_num == num %}
<li class="active">
{% else %}
<li>
{% endif %}
<a href="/book/?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li>
{% endfor %}
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)">...</a></li>
{% if current_num == num_pages %}
<li class="active">
{% else %}
<li>
{% endif %}
<a href="/book/?page={{ num_pages }}">{{ num_pages }}</a></li>
<li>
{% if current_page.has_next %}
<a href="/book/?page={{ current_num|add:1 }}" aria-label="Next">
{% else %}
<a href="javascript:void(0)" aria-label="Next">
{% endif %}
<span aria-hidden="true">»</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
```
后台
```python
def show_book(request):
title = '图书详情'
header = "图书管理系统"
current_num = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
book_list = Book.objects.all()
paginator = Paginator(book_list, 6)
num_pages = paginator.num_pages
if num_pages > 5:
if current_num < 4:
page_range = range(2, 5)
elif current_num > paginator.num_pages - 3:
page_range = range(num_pages - 3, num_pages)
else:
page_range = range(current_num - 1, current_num + 2)
else:
page_range = paginator.paginator
current_page = paginator.page(current_num)
return render(request, 'book.html', locals())