Spring Security入门

创建工程spring-security-demo ,pom.xml内容

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>cn.itcast.demo</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-security-demo</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<properties>
		<spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.5</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
	  <plugins>		
	      <!-- java编译插件 -->
		  <plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.7</source>
					<target>1.7</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
		  </plugin>      
	      <plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
				<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<!-- 指定端口 -->
					<port>9090</port>
					<!-- 请求路径 -->
					<path>/</path>
				</configuration>
	  	  </plugin>
	   </plugins>  
    </build>
</project>

　　创建web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	version="2.5">		
  	 <context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
	 </context-param>
	 <listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	 </listener>	
	 <filter>  
		<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  		 <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>  
	 </filter>  
	 <filter-mapping>  
		<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
	 </filter-mapping>	
</web-app>

　　（3）创建index.html 

（4）创建spring 配置文件spring-security.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
	xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">

	<!-- 页面拦截规则 -->
	<http use-expressions="false">
      <!-- /**包括子目录  /*只包含根目录，不包含子目录 -->
		<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
		<form-login/>	
	</http>

	<!-- 认证管理器 -->
	<authentication-manager>
		<authentication-provider>
			<user-service>
				<user name="admin" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
			</user-service>		
		</authentication-provider>	
	</authentication-manager>
</beans:beans>

　　

intercept-url 表示拦截页面  

/*  表示的是该目录下的资源，只包括本级目录不包括下级目录

/** 表示的是该目录以及该目录下所有级别子目录的资源

form-login  为开启表单登陆

use-expressions 为是否使用使用 Spring 表达式语言（ SpEL ），默认为true ,如果开启，则拦截的配置应该写成以下形式

<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="hasRole('ROLE_USER')" />

　　用户自定义登录页

（1）构建登陆页：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登陆</title>
</head>
<body>	
	<form action='/login' method='POST'>
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>用户名:</td>
				<td><input type='text' name='username' value=''></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>密码:</td>
				<td><input type='password' name='password' /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan='2'><input name="submit" type="submit"
					value="登陆" /></td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

　　（2）构建登陆失败页  login_error.html

（3）修改 spring 配置文件spring-security.xml 

<!-- 以下页面不被拦截 -->
	<http pattern="/login.html" security="none"></http>
	<http pattern="/login_error.html" security="none"></http>
	<!-- 页面拦截规则 -->
	<http use-expressions="false">
		<intercept-url pattern="/*" access="ROLE_USER" />
		<form-login login-page="/login.html" default-target-url="/index.html" authentication-failure-url="/login_error.html"/>	
		<csrf disabled="true"/>
	</http>

　　security="none"  设置此资源不被拦截. 
如果你没有设置登录页security="none"  ，将会出现以下错误

因为登录页会被反复重定向。

login-page：指定登录页面。
authentication-failure-url：指定了身份验证失败时跳转到的页面。
default-target-url：指定了成功进行身份验证和授权后默认呈现给用户的页面。

csrf disabled="true"  关闭csrf ,如果不加会出现错误

CSRF（Cross-site request forgery）跨站请求伪造，也被称为“One Click Attack”或者Session Riding，

通常缩写为CSRF或者XSRF，是一种对网站的恶意利用。