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  • mysql常用命令杂记

    查看版本

    mysqladmin -uRootmaster -pRootmaster@777 version
    select version()

      

    查看Log_bin是否开启

    show variables like 'log_bin';
    

    创建表

    create table students ( student_id int unsigned, name varchar(39), sex char(1), birth date, primary key (student_id));
    create table tb_emp1(id int(11), name varchar(25),deptId int(11), salary float);

    create table member(id bigint auto_increment primary key,
    name varchar(20),sex tinyint not null default '0'
    )engine=myisam default charset=utf8 auto_increment=1;

    create table tb_member1(
    id bigint primary key auto_increment ,
    name varchar(20),
    sex tinyint not null default '0'
    )ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

    
    

    create table tb_member2 like tb_member1;
    DROP table IF EXISTS tb_member;
    create table tb_member(
    id bigint primary key auto_increment ,
    name varchar(20),
    sex tinyint not null default '0'
    )ENGINE=MERGE UNION=(tb_member1,tb_member2) INSERT_METHOD=LAST CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

     


    设置主键:
    create table tb_emp2 (id int(11) primary key, name varchar(25), depId int(11), salary float);
    create table tb_emp3 ( id int(11),name varchar(25),depId int(11), salary float, primary key(id));
    create table tb_emp4 ( name varchar(25), deptId int(11), salary FLOAT, primary key(name,deptId));

     

     

    外键约束

    定义表tb_emp5,让他的建deptId 作为外键关联到tb_dept1的主键id,
    
    create table tb_dept1( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(22) not null, location varchar(50) );
    create table tb_emp5 ( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(25), deptId int(11), salary float, constraint fk_emp_dept1 foreign key(deptId) references tb_dept1(id));
    

      

    唯一行约束

    create table tb_dept2 ( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(22) unique, location varchar(50));
    create table tb_dept3 ( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(22), location varchar(50), constraint sth unique(name));
    

      

    默认值约束

    create table tb_emp7 ( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(25) not null, deptId int(11) default 1111, salary float);
    

      

    设置表的属性值自动增加
    一个表只能有一个字段设置

    AUTO_INCREMENT,可以是任意整数类型(TINYINT,SMALLIN,INT,BIGINT)
    create table tb_emp8( id int(11) primary key auto_increment, name varchar(25) not null, deptId int(11), salary float);
    insert into tb_emp8 (name,salary) values('lucy',1000),('lura',1200),('kevin',1500);
    

      

    修改表数据

    1.修改表名
    alter table tb_dept3 rename tb_deptment3;
    2.修改表字段
    alter table tb_dept1 modify name varchar(33);
    3.修改字段名
    alter table tb_dept1 change location loc varchar(50);
    4.修改字段名为location,并将数据类型改变为varchar(60);
    alter table tb_dept1 change loc location varchar(60);
    

      

    添加字段

    alter table tb_dept1 add managerId int(10);
    alter table tb_dept1 add column1 varchar(12) not null;
    在表的第一类添加一个字段
    alter table tb_dept1 add column2 int(11) first;
    在表的指定列之后添加一个字段
    alter table tb_dept1 add column3 int(11) after name;
    

      

    删除字段

    删除字段
    alter table tb_dept1 drop column2;
    修改字段位置
    alter table tb_dept1 modify column1 varchar(12) first;
    将字段放到指定列之后
    alter table tb_dept1 modify column1 varchar(12) after location;
    

      

    删除表

    drop table if exists tb_dept2;
    alter table tb_emp drop foreign key fk_emp_dept;  # 如有外键
    

      

     

    插入数据

    insert into students(student_id,name,sex,birth) value (1,'steven','1','1991-01-01');

    insert into member(name,sex) select name,sex from member;
    insert into tb_member2(id,name,sex) select id,name,sex from member where id%2=1;

      

    首次安装 更改root用户密码

    /data/app/mysql-3307/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password '123456'
    

      

    查看默认引擎

    show variables like '%storage_engine%';
    show create table tb_deptG
    

      

    查询:

    select f_id,f_name from fruits where f_name='apple';
    小于
    select f_name,f_price from fruits where f_price < 10;
    带in
    select s_id, f_name,f_price from fruits  where s_id in (101,2) order by f_name;
    select s_id, f_name,f_price from fruits  where s_id in (101,102) order by f_name;
    
    between and
    select f_name,f_price from fruits where f_price between 2.00 and 10.20;
    not between and
    select f_name,f_price from fruits where f_price not between 2.00 and 10.20;
    

      

    like查询

    select * from fruits where f_name like 'b%';
    select * from fruits where f_name like 'b%y';

    _ 下划线 一次匹配一个
    select * from fruits where f_name like '____y';

      

    查询空值:

    select c_id,c_name,c_email from customers where c_email is null;
    select * from customers where c_email is not null;
    

      

    and查询:

    select f_id,f_price,f_name from fruits where s_id='101' and f_price>8;
    select f_id, f_price, f_name from fruits where s_id in('101','102') and f_price >= 5 and f_name ='apple';

    or查询:

    select s_id,f_name,f_price from fruits where s_id=101 or s_id=102;
    

      

    查询结果不重复:

    select distinct s_id from fruits ;
    

      

    查询结果排序:

    查询结果排序
    select f_name from fruits order by f_name;
    多列排序
    select f_name, f_price from fruits order by f_name ,f_price;
    指定排序方向
    select f_name,f_price from fruits order by f_price desc;
    先将价格降序 在按名字升序
    select f_price,f_name from fruits order by f_price desc, f_name;
    

    lower_case_table_names=1 使 Linux 环境下 MySQL 忽略表名大小写,否则使用 MyCAT 的时候会提示找不到表的错误

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sunshine-long/p/10968966.html
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