Go语言的字符串类型string
在本质上就与其他语言的字符串类型不同:
-
Java的String、C++的std::string以及Python3的str类型都只是定宽字符序列
-
Go语言的字符串是一个用UTF-8编码的变宽字符序列,它的每一个字符都用一个或多个字节表示
即:一个Go语言字符串是一个任意字节的常量序列。
Golang的双引号和反引号都可用于表示一个常量字符串,不同在于:
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双引号用来创建可解析的字符串字面量(支持转义,但不能用来引用多行)
-
反引号用来创建原生的字符串字面量,这些字符串可能由多行组成(不支持任何转义序列),原生的字符串字面量多用于书写多行消息、HTML以及正则表达式
而单引号则用于表示Golang的一个特殊类型:rune
,类似其他语言的byte
但又不完全一样,是指:码点字面量(Unicode code point),不做任何转义的原始内容。
There are two forms: raw string literals and interpreted string literals.
- Raw string literals are character sequences between back quotes, as in
foo
.- Interpreted string literals are character sequences between double quotes, as in “bar”.
A rune literal represents a rune constant, an integer value identifying a Unicode code point. A rune literal is expressed as one or more characters enclosed in single quotes, as in ‘x’ or ‘ ’. Within the quotes, any character may appear except newline and unescaped single quote. A single quoted character represents the Unicode value of the character itself, while multi-character sequences beginning with a backslash encode values in various formats.
=
根据我找到的资料以及碰到的情况来看, Go语言的单引号一般用来表示「rune literal」 ,即——码点字面量。
参考链接:
- https://golang.org/ref/spec#String_literals
- https://golang.org/ref/spec#Rune_literals
- http://teapottable.com/blog/starting-out-with-go-lang/