让EntityFramework6支持SQLite

转：https://www.cnblogs.com/lifeil/p/3944334.html

经查阅资料发现，SQLite方法发布了对EntityFramework6支持的程序集，在项目中执行如下命令：

Install-Package System.Data.SQLite.EF6
Install-Package System.Data.SQLite.Linq

安装后会出现三个引用：

 

接着Web.config中配置如下：

<configSections>
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
        <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
   
  </configSections>
  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="EducationStrings" providerName="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" connectionString="Data Source=education.db;Pooling=True" />
  </connectionStrings>
<entityFramework>
    <providers>
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" type="System.Data.SQLite.EF6.SQLiteProviderServices, System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
    </providers>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
      <parameters>
        <parameter value="v11.0" />
      </parameters>
    </defaultConnectionFactory>
  </entityFramework>
  <system.data>
    <DbProviderFactories>
      <remove invariant="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
      <add name="SQLite Data Provider (Entity Framework 6)" invariant="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for SQLite (Entity Framework 6)" type="System.Data.SQLite.EF6.SQLiteProviderFactory, System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
    </DbProviderFactories>
  </system.data>

 这样配置后，发现会抛异常信息如下：

Unable to determine the provider name for provider factory of type 'System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteFactory'. Make sure that the ADO.NET provider is installed or registered in the application config.

大概是说没有找个支持ado.net的管道工厂方法。在stackoverflow搜索发现，需要在Web.config中添加对System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteFactory的配置。

在entityFramework节点的providers子节点添加配置如下：

<provider invariantName="System.Data.SQLite" type="System.Data.SQLite.EF6.SQLiteProviderServices, System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />

 接着在system.data节点的DbProviderFactories子节点配置如下：

<add name="SQLite Data Provider" invariant="System.Data.SQLite" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for SQLite" type="System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteFactory, System.Data.SQLite"/>

这下终于支持ado.net了，但是，又会抛如下异常：

unable to open database file

大概是无法打开数据库文件，经查资料发现，程序读取SQLite数据库时需要使用物理绝对路径，解决方法有两个，一个是在代码中指定数据库配置文件，一个是在Web.config中指定一个类似变量的值，如下：

<add name="EducationStrings" providerName="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" connectionString="Data Source=|DataDirectory|education.db;Pooling=True" />

其中DataDirectory指的是数据库的目录，对应着的是asp.net项目下的App_Data文件夹，所以，需要把数据库放到该目录。

修改完毕后又会抛另外一个异常：

SQL logic error or missing database
no such table: Articles

大概是说没有找到表Articles，我的项目用的是CodeFirst模式，看来SQLite不支持CodeFirst模式，只能手动建表了。如果表比较少或是字段比较少还行，如果有大量的表，光手动建表也得费好大事，如果能够把SQL Server 2008的数据库导入到SQLite中就好了。

经谷歌后，终于找到一个工具SqlConverter，该工具能够将SQL Server的表和表内的数据库转换成SQLite。

经转换后发现，SQLite中的主键只能是integer类型的，对应C#的int64。而我的Model却是int32，不知道是SQLite规定的还是工具转换有问题。

完整的Web.config配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
  有关如何配置 ASP.NET 应用程序的详细信息，请访问
  http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301880
  -->
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
        <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
   
  </configSections>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />
    <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
    <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
    <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <connectionStrings>
    <!--<add name="EducationStrings" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" connectionString="Data Source=.; User=sa;Password=123456;Initial Catalog=EducationDb;Integrated Security=True" />-->
    <add name="EducationStrings" providerName="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" connectionString="Data Source=|DataDirectory|education.db;Pooling=True" />
  </connectionStrings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
  </system.web>
  <system.webServer>
    <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false" />
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true">
      <!--<add name="AuthorizeModule" type="Education.Web.AuthorizeModule"/>-->
    </modules>
  </system.webServer>

  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" culture="neutral" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-6.0.0.0" newVersion="6.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Optimization" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="1.1.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="WebGrease" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-1.5.2.14234" newVersion="1.5.2.14234" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.2.0.0" newVersion="5.2.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>
<entityFramework>
    <providers>
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SQLite" type="System.Data.SQLite.EF6.SQLiteProviderServices, System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" type="System.Data.SQLite.EF6.SQLiteProviderServices, System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
    </providers>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
      <parameters>
        <parameter value="v11.0" />
      </parameters>
    </defaultConnectionFactory>
  </entityFramework>
  <system.data>
    <DbProviderFactories>
      <remove invariant="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
      <add name="SQLite Data Provider" invariant="System.Data.SQLite" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for SQLite" type="System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteFactory, System.Data.SQLite"/>
      <add name="SQLite Data Provider (Entity Framework 6)" invariant="System.Data.SQLite.EF6" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for SQLite (Entity Framework 6)" type="System.Data.SQLite.EF6.SQLiteProviderFactory, System.Data.SQLite.EF6" />
    </DbProviderFactories>
  </system.data>
</configuration>

这样终于可以运行了。附代码和工具。

代码下载：

http://download.csdn.net/detail/lifeilin6671/7837447

转换工具下载：

http://download.csdn.net/detail/lifeilin6671/7837465