在WPF中如何注册热键(转)

http://www.cnblogs.com/dabaopku/archive/2010/02/21/1670793.html

 

WPF注册热键大荟萃

源码下载:http://www.cnblogs.com/dabaopku/archive/2010/02/22/1671267.html

研究了一晚上,终于搞定了啦~~~~~

首先完整复制下面的第一篇文章中的代码

然后以下代码是

private void Register(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
IntPtr handle=new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle;
int id = 1000;
bool r=HotKey.RegisterHotKey(handle, id,(uint)HotKey.KeyFlags.MOD_CONTROL, (uint)System.Windows.Forms.Keys.F12);
MessageBox.Show(r.ToString()+" "+handle.ToString()+" ");
HotKey.InstallHotKeyHook(this);
}

其中Id随意取值,好像都没有问题

一直受第三篇文章干扰(说实在的,确实让人恼火,它的RegisterHotkey(Keys Key, KeyFlags keyflags)

明明是Key在前 keyflags在后,可是带入APi的

结底还是自己不够细心,足足浪费了半小时,郁闷!)

RegisterHotKey后却是反过来的,结果我也跟着他的弄反了control和F12,归根

然后反注册就很简单了,唉,累死了~~

在WPF中如何注册热键

来源:http://www.cnblogs.com/zengezenge/archive/2009/07/09/1519582.html

不说废话，直接看代码吧，其关键就是 System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource类。

第一步：注册热键，需要使用API函数，具体的参照网上的其它文章。唯一需要注意的是需要使用KeyInterop.VirtualKeyFromKey函数将

WPF的Key枚举转化为API函数可以使用的VirtualKeyCode :

     /// <summary>
        /// 注册热键处理函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd">用于处理热键消息的窗体句柄</param>
        /// <param name="id">热键的编号</param>
        /// <param name="controlKey">控制键</param>
        /// <param name="virtualKey">热键的虚键编码</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///     <c>true</c>：注册成功<br/>
        ///     <c>false</c>：注册失败
        /// </returns>
        /// <remarks></remarks>
        /// <history>
        /// [ZengE]               2009-7-8 22:28    创建
        /// </history>
        [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("user32")]
        public static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint controlKey, uint virtualKey);

        /// <summary>
        /// 注销指定的热键
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd">用于处理热键消息的窗体句柄</param>
        /// <param name="id">要注销的热键编号</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///     <c>true</c>：注销成功<br/>
        ///     <c>false</c>：注销失败
        /// </returns>
        /// <remarks></remarks>
        /// <history>
        /// [ZengE]               2009-7-8 22:30    创建
        /// </history>
        [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("user32")]
        public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);

第二步：注册热键处理函数，主要的难点就在这里，在.NET的WinForm程序中一般使用重写Form的WinProc方法或者注册IMessageFilter来实现的，

但是在WPF中以上两种方式都无法获得热键消息的处理机会，除非是在WPF程序中隐藏一个常规的Form(最开始就是这么弄得，后来觉得实在是太丑陋了)

1        /// <summary>
2        /// 安装热键处理挂钩
3        /// </summary>
4        /// <param name="window">The window.</param>
5        /// <returns>
6        ///     <c>true</c>：安装成功<br/>
7        ///     <c>false</c>：安装失败
8        /// </returns>
9        /// <value>消息源</value>
10        /// <remarks></remarks>
11        /// <history>
12        /// [ZengE]               2009-7-8 23:57    创建
13        /// </history>
14        public static bool InstallHotKeyHook( Window window )
15        {
16            //判断组件是否有效
17            if ( null == window )
18            {
19                //如果无效，则直接返回
20                return false;
21            }
22
23            //获得窗体的句柄
24            System.Windows.Interop.WindowInteropHelper helper = new System.Windows.Interop.WindowInteropHelper( window );
25
26            //判断窗体句柄是否有效
27            if ( IntPtr.Zero == helper.Handle )
28            {
29                //如果句柄无效，则直接返回
30                return false;
31            }
32
33            //获得消息源
34            System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource source = System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.FromHwnd( helper.Handle );
35
36            //判断消息源是否有效
37            if ( null == source )
38            {
39                //如果消息源无效，则直接返回
40                return false;
41            }
42
43            //挂接事件
44            source.AddHook( HotKeyHook );
45
46            //返回安装成功
47            return true;
48        }
49
50        /// <summary>
51        /// 热键处理过程
52        /// </summary>
53        /// <param name="hwnd">触发消息的窗口句柄</param>
54        /// <param name="msg">要被处理的消息编号</param>
55        /// <param name="wParam">消息参数</param>
56        /// <param name="lParam">消息参数</param>
57        /// <param name="handled">消息是否被处理</param>
58        /// <returns></returns>
59        /// <remarks></remarks>
60        /// <history>
61        /// [ZengE]               2009-7-8 23:54    创建
62        /// </history>
63        private static IntPtr HotKeyHook( IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handled )
64        {
65            //判断是否为热键消息
66            if ( msg == WM_HOTKEY )
67            {
68
69            }
70
71            //返回
72            return IntPtr.Zero;
73        }
74
75        /// <summary>
76        /// 热键消息编号
77        /// </summary>
78        private const int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;

以上代码在Windows2008下测试通过。

在c#中使用全局快捷键

来源:http://hi.baidu.com/55csharp/blog/item/de6fef88efcebdbb0e24442f.html

由于.net并没有提供快捷键的库，所以要使用该功能得通过api实现。

在winapi中，注册和注销全局快捷键分别是通过RegisterHotKey和UnregisterHotKey函数实现。在c#中直接使用该api显得不够简洁，这里我提供了一个友好点的封装。

代码如下：

    static class Hotkey
    {
        系统api#region 系统api
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, HotkeyModifiers fsModifiers, Keys vk);

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);
        #endregion

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 注册快捷键
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd">持有快捷键窗口的句柄</param>
        /// <param name="fsModifiers">组合键</param>
        /// <param name="vk">快捷键的虚拟键码</param>
        /// <param name="callBack">回调函数</param>
        public static void Regist(IntPtr hWnd, HotkeyModifiers fsModifiers, Keys vk, HotKeyCallBackHanlder callBack)
        {
            int id = keyid++;
            if (!RegisterHotKey(hWnd, id, fsModifiers, vk))
                throw new Exception("regist hotkey fail.");
            keymap[id] = callBack;
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 注销快捷键
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd">持有快捷键窗口的句柄</param>
        /// <param name="callBack">回调函数</param>
        public static void UnRegist(IntPtr hWnd, HotKeyCallBackHanlder callBack)
        {
            foreach (KeyValuePair<int, HotKeyCallBackHanlder> var in keymap)
            {
                if (var.Value == callBack)
                    UnregisterHotKey(hWnd, var.Key);
            }
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 快捷键消息处理
        /// </summary>
        public static void ProcessHotKey(System.Windows.Forms.Message m)
        {
            if (m.Msg == WM_HOTKEY)
            {
                int id = m.WParam.ToInt32();
                HotKeyCallBackHanlder callback;
                if (keymap.TryGetValue(id, out callback))
                {
                    callback();
                }
            }
        }

        const int WM_HOTKEY = 0x312;
        static int keyid = 10;
        static Dictionary<int, HotKeyCallBackHanlder> keymap = new Dictionary<int, HotKeyCallBackHanlder>();

        public delegate void HotKeyCallBackHanlder();
    }

    enum HotkeyModifiers
    {
        MOD_ALT = 0x1,
        MOD_CONTROL = 0x2,
        MOD_SHIFT = 0x4,
        MOD_WIN = 0x8
    }

这里通过Hotkey类实现功能的封装，使用非常简单。下面为参考测试代码。

        void Test()
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Test");
        }

        protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
        {
            base.WndProc(ref m);
            Hotkey.ProcessHotKey(m);
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Hotkey.UnRegist(this.Handle, Test);
        }

当程序form1启动时，注册了两个快捷键Alt+T和Ctrl+Shift+K，单击button1的时候会注销快捷键Alt+T。代码比较简单，这里就不多介绍了。

注：快捷键是通过消息触发的，因此要重载WndProc函数，在里面添加对快捷键回调消息的处理方法Hotkey.ProcessHotKey(m)。

C# 设置全局热键

来源:http://www.cnblogs.com/lhking/archive/2009/03/16/1413245.html

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Collections;

namespace HotKey1
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        public delegate void HotkeyEventHandler(int HotKeyID);
        private int Hotkey1;
        public class Hotkey : System.Windows.Forms.IMessageFilter
        {
            Hashtable keyIDs = new Hashtable();
            IntPtr hWnd;

            public event HotkeyEventHandler OnHotkey;

            public enum KeyFlags
            {
                MOD_ALT = 0x1,
                MOD_CONTROL = 0x2,
                MOD_SHIFT = 0x4,
                MOD_WIN = 0x8
            }
            [DllImport("user32.dll")]
            public static extern UInt32 RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 id, UInt32 fsModifiers, UInt32 vk);

            [DllImport("user32.dll")]
            public static extern UInt32 UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 id);

            [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
            public static extern UInt32 GlobalAddAtom(String lpString);

            [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
            public static extern UInt32 GlobalDeleteAtom(UInt32 nAtom);

            public Hotkey(IntPtr hWnd)
            {
                this.hWnd = hWnd;
                Application.AddMessageFilter(this);
            }

            public int RegisterHotkey(Keys Key, KeyFlags keyflags)
            {
                UInt32 hotkeyid = GlobalAddAtom(System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
                RegisterHotKey((IntPtr)hWnd, hotkeyid, (UInt32)keyflags, (UInt32)Key);
                keyIDs.Add(hotkeyid, hotkeyid);
                return (int)hotkeyid;
            }

            public void UnregisterHotkeys()
            {
                Application.RemoveMessageFilter(this);
                foreach (UInt32 key in keyIDs.Values)
                {
                    UnregisterHotKey(hWnd, key);
                    GlobalDeleteAtom(key);
                }
            }

            public bool PreFilterMessage(ref System.Windows.Forms.Message m)
            {
                if (m.Msg == 0x312)
                {
                    if (OnHotkey != null)
                    {
                        foreach (UInt32 key in keyIDs.Values)
                        {
                            if ((UInt32)m.WParam == key)
                            {
                                OnHotkey((int)m.WParam);
                                return true;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                return false;
            }
        }

        public void OnHotkey(int HotkeyID) //Ctrl+F2隐藏窗体，再按显示窗体。
        {
            if (HotkeyID == Hotkey1)
            {
                if (this.Visible == true)
                    this.Visible = false;
                else
                    this.Visible = true;
            }
            else
            {
                this.Visible = false;
            }
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Hotkey hotkey;
            hotkey = new Hotkey(this.Handle);
            Hotkey1 = hotkey.RegisterHotkey(System.Windows.Forms.Keys.F2, Hotkey.KeyFlags.MOD_CONTROL);   //定义快键(Ctrl + F2)
            hotkey.OnHotkey += new HotkeyEventHandler(OnHotkey);
        }
    }
}