artisan命令行创建migrate
格式:
php artisan make:migration YourFileName
示例:
php artisan make:migration create_books_table
我们找到laravel目录下databasemigrations2017_XX_XX_XXXXXX_create_books_table.php
注意:XX代表时间戳,因时而异
<?php use IlluminateDatabaseSchemaBlueprint; use IlluminateDatabaseMigrationsMigration; class CreateBooksTable extends Migration { /** * Run the migrations. * * @return void */ public function up() { // } /** * Reverse the migrations. * * @return void */ public function down() { // } }
这里的CreateBooksTable类继承了Migration,我们看下Migration类
namespace IlluminateDatabaseMigrations; abstract class Migration { /** * The name of the database connection to use. * * @var string */ protected $connection; /** * Get the migration connection name. * * @return string */ public function getConnection() { return $this->connection; } }
这里我们把up函数改写成
public function up() { Schema::create('chs', function (Blueprint $table) { $table->increments('id'); $table->string('slug')->unique();//additional $table->string('title');//additional $table->text('content');//additional $table->timestamps(); $table->timestamp('published_at')->index();//additional }); }
同时参考以下文档,文档选自http://laravelbook.com/laravel-migrations-managing-databases/
一切准备就绪,我们开始迁移
php artisan migrate
如果你迁移后发觉并不是你想要的数据表,可以回滚
php artisan migrate:rollback
这里要给大家提个醒,down方法一定要写,可能有些人这个方法会空着,觉得只要数据表创建出来了就没事了,但是一旦涉及rollback又没有down方法,你的migrate操作就是不可逆的!
就像这样:
<?php use IlluminateDatabaseSchemaBlueprint; use IlluminateDatabaseMigrationsMigration; class CreateCommentsTable extends Migration { /** * Run the migrations. * * @return void */ public function up() { Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) { $table->increments('id'); $table->integer('postid'); $table->string('title');//additional $table->text('content');//additional //$table->timestamps(); $table->timestamp('published_at')->index();//additional }); } /** * Reverse the migrations. * * @return void */ public function down() { Schema::drop('comments'); } }
Laravel使用了门面模式
namespace IlluminateSupportFacades; /** * @see IlluminateDatabaseSchemaBuilder */ class Schema extends Facade { /** * Get a schema builder instance for a connection. * * @param string $name * @return IlluminateDatabaseSchemaBuilder */ public static function connection($name) { return static::$app['db']->connection($name)->getSchemaBuilder(); } /** * Get a schema builder instance for the default connection. * * @return IlluminateDatabaseSchemaBuilder */ protected static function getFacadeAccessor() { return static::$app['db']->connection()->getSchemaBuilder(); } }