-
网络yum源配置文件：
[14:42:19 root@centos8 cd]#cat /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo
[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.163.com//centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
[EPEL]
name=EPEL
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-$releasever
[extras]
name=extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
enabled=1
[centosplus]
name=centosplus
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
本地yum源：
1. 首先插入光盘镜像
2. 可以手动挂载或者使用yum install -y autofs来自动挂载光盘
3. 编写配置文件，放在/etc/yum.repos.d目录下，以.repo后缀结尾即可
以安装autofs自动挂载为例。
[14:54:38 root@centos8 ~]#yum install -y autofs
[14:55:38 root@centos8 ~]#systemctl enabled --now autofs
[14:56:19 root@centos8 ~]#ls /misc/cd/AppStream/
Packages repodata
[14:57:03 root@centos8 ~]#cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo
[cd.app]
name=cd.app
baseurl=file:///misc/cd/AppStream
#autofs自动挂载镜像到/misc/cd目录，指向/misc/cd/AppStream，可以看到repodata目录
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[14:59:45 root@centos8 ~]##cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo
[cd.baseos]
name=cd.baseos
baseurl=file:///misc/cd/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0
enable=1
-
编译安装http2.4，实现可以正常访问，并将编译步骤和结果提交。
#1 安装相关包
[15:51:32 root@centos8 ~]#dnf install gcc make autoconf apr-devel apr-util-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel redhat-rpm-config -y
#2 下载并解压包
[15:53:11 root@centos8 ~]#wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.46.tar.bz2
[15:55:34 root@centos8 ~]#tar -xvf httpd-2.4.46.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/src/
#3 配置
[15:56:37 root@centos8 src]#cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.46/
[16:00:04 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl
#4 编译并安装
[16:00:39 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#make -j 2 && make install
#5 配置环境变量
[16:03:25 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#echo 'PATH=/apps/httpd/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[16:03:50 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
#6 启动
[16:03:58 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#apachectl start
#7 指定apache用户运行
[16:04:16 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/www -c Apache -u 48 apache
[16:04:38 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
User apache
Group apache
#8 配置生效
[16:08:51 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#apachectl restart
[16:09:06 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#ps aux |grep apache
apache 119719 0.0 0.3 1339488 7688 ? Sl 16:08 0:00 /apps/httpd/bin/httpd -k start
apache 119720 0.0 0.4 1339488 9728 ? Sl 16:08 0:00 /apps/httpd/bin/httpd -k start
apache 119721 0.0 0.6 1339488 13808 ? Sl 16:08 0:00 /apps/httpd/bin/httpd -k start
#9 验证网页
[16:09:10 root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#curl localhost
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
-
利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址
[16:27:28 root@centos8 ~]#ifconfig eth0 |sed -En "/inet/s#[^0-9]+([0-9.]+).*#1#p"|cat -A
10.0.0.150$
-
删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符
[16:36:16 root@centos8 ~]#cat -A /etc/fstab
$
#$
# /etc/fstab$
# Created by anaconda on Mon Jul 19 12:39:26 2021$
#$
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.$
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.$
#$
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd$
# units generated from this file.$
#$
UUID=a09f483f-5645-4bf5-84e6-74ff560bfcab / xfs defaults 0 0$
UUID=a7cdba8a-1b4f-4cf3-ace5-809ec6b732d6 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2$
UUID=b1482237-a49f-4e3b-a534-bb7a1325b7d6 /date xfs defaults 0 0$
UUID=30f25ee0-b7f6-47b5-978d-bc2a3d33e1d4 none swap defaults 0 0$
[16:36:17 root@centos8 ~]#sed -r '/^#/s/^#[ ]+//g' /etc/fstab |cat -A
$
#$
/etc/fstab$
Created by anaconda on Mon Jul 19 12:39:26 2021$
#$
Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.$
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.$
#$
After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd$
units generated from this file.$
#$
UUID=a09f483f-5645-4bf5-84e6-74ff560bfcab / xfs defaults 0 0$
UUID=a7cdba8a-1b4f-4cf3-ace5-809ec6b732d6 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2$
UUID=b1482237-a49f-4e3b-a534-bb7a1325b7d6 /date xfs defaults 0 0$
UUID=30f25ee0-b7f6-47b5-978d-bc2a3d33e1d4 none swap defaults 0 0$
-
处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名
[16:49:31 root@centos8 ~]#ls /etc/fstab |sed -r 's#^(/.*/)(.*)#path: 1 basename: 2#'
path: /etc/
basename: fstab
-
列出ubuntu软件管理工具apt的一些用法(自由总结)
-
apt命令语法：
apt options [package ...] options：可选，选项包括 -h（帮助），-y（当安装过程提示选择全部为"yes"），-q（不显示安装的过程）等等。 command：要进行的操作。 package：安装的包名。
-
-
apt 常用命令
列出所有可更新的软件清单命令：apt update
升级软件包：apt upgrade
列出可更新的软件包及版本信息：apt list --upgradeable
升级软件包，升级前先删除需要更新软件包：apt full-upgrade
安装指定的软件命令：apt install <package_name>
安装多个软件包：apt install <package_1> <package_2> <package_3>
更新指定的软件命令：apt update <package_name>
显示软件包具体信息,例如：版本号，安装大小，依赖关系等等：apt show <package_name>
删除软件包命令：apt remove <package_name>
清理不再使用的依赖和库文件: apt autoremove
移除软件包及配置文件: apt purge <package_name>
查找软件包命令： apt search <keyword>
列出所有已安装的包：apt list --installed
列出所有已安装的包的版本信息：apt list --all-versions