Tomcat多实例及负载均衡

1、如果做实验之前Tomcat存在或者运行中，需要先关闭服务，删除所有创建的文件

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/shutdown.sh   //关闭服务
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat8
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat8
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat8/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/java
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat8/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/tomcat8/ /web/    //删除创建的文件夹

2、解压并部署tomcat程序

[root@localhost ~]# tar -xf apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz 
[root@localhost ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.16 /usr/local/

[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/
apache-tomcat-8.5.16 etc include lib libexec share
bin games java lib64 sbin src

3、创建两个实例的工作目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2

4、拷贝tomcat程序目录下的conf目录分别放入2个实例目录中（配置文件就有了）

      -R：递归复制

[root@localhost ~]# cp -R /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/conf/ /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1
[root@localhost ~]# cp -R /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/conf/ /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2

5、分别在两个tomcat实例中创建bin目录，在bin中创建实例启动脚本和停止脚本

     bin目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin

 6、创建启动脚本，给脚本执行权限

[root@localhost ~]# touch /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost ~]# touch /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh
查看所创建的所有实例目录
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/tomcat_instance/
tomcat1 tomcat2
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/conf
catalina.policy jaspic-providers.xsd tomcat-users.xsd
catalina.properties logging.properties web.xml
context.xml server.xml
jaspic-providers.xml tomcat-users.xml
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin
startup.sh

   给脚本添加内容tomcat1

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh

#! /bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16"   //版本号
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1"   //实例目录
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"   //临时文件存放
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"   //PID进程号文件
export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat1"

//创建logs目录
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/logs" ]    //判断是否有实例目录下的logs文件，没有的话创建一下
then
mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/logs
fi

//创建temp目录
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/temp" ]
then
mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/temp
fi

//调用tomcat启动脚本，'$@'表示预定参数的所有内容，启动文件
bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh "$@"

   给脚本添加内容tomcat2

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh

  #! /bin/bash

  export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16"
  export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2"
  export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
  export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"
  export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat2"

  if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/logs" ]
  then
  mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/logs
  fi

  if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/temp" ]
  then
  mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/temp
  fi

  bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh "$@"

7、创建停止脚本，给脚本添加执行权限

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh

 [root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh
 [root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh

   给脚本添加内容tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh

#! /bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"


bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh "$@"

   给脚本添加内容tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh

#! /bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"


bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh "$@"

8、修改配置文件，修改三个端口

     修改第一个实例的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/conf/server.xml
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />

<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

     修改第二个实例的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/conf/server.xml
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />

<Connector port="8090" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />

<Connector port="8010" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

9、创建测试页

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/webapps/ROOT
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/webapps/ROOT

   给第一个实例创建测试页

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
<html>
<title>Tomcat-1</title>
<body>
    Hello! This is Tomcat-1.
</body>
</html>

   给第二个实例创建测试页

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
<html>
<title>Tomcat-2</title>
<body>
    Hello! This is Tomcat-2.
</body>
</html>

10、启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_PID:    /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat1/bin/tomcat.pid
Tomcat started.
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_PID:    /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat2/bin/tomcat.pid
Tomcat started.

   查看接口

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt | grep java 
tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN      2532/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8010                 :::*                    LISTEN      2558/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      2532/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8090                 :::*                    LISTEN      2558/java           

11、测试

12、在以上实例的基础上创建一个新的实例

复制实例文件

cp   -r  ：复制目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat_instance/
[root@localhost tomcat_instance]# cp -r tomcat2/ tomcat3  
[root@localhost tomcat_instance]# ls
tomcat1  tomcat2  tomcat3

修改tomcat3中的文件

[root@localhost tomcat_instance]# cd tomcat3
[root@localhost tomcat3]# ls
bin  conf  logs  temp  webapps  work
[root@localhost tomcat3]# ls bin/
shutdown.sh  startup.sh  tomcat.pid

[root@localhost tomcat3]# vim bin/shutdown.sh
#! /bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"


bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh "$@"

[root@localhost tomcat3]# vim bin/startup.sh

#! /bin/bash

export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16"
export CATALINA_BASE="/usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3"
export CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE/temp"
export CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat.pid"
export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat3"

if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/logs" ]
then
        mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/logs
fi

if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE/temp" ]
then
        mkdir $CATALINA_BASE/temp
fi

bash $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh "$@"

[root@localhost tomcat3]# ls bin/
shutdown.sh  startup.sh  tomcat.pid
[root@localhost tomcat3]# rm -rf bin/tomcat.pid

[root@localhost tomcat3]# vim webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
<html>
<title>Tomcat-3</title>
<body>
    Hello! This is Tomcat-3.
</body>
</html>

[root@localhost tomcat3]# vim conf/server.xml 
<Server port="8004" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />

<Connector port="8070" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />

<Connector port="8008" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

启服务

[root@localhost tomcat3]# /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3/bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_PID:    /usr/local/tomcat_instance/tomcat3/bin/tomcat.pid
Tomcat started.

查看端口

[root@localhost tomcat3]# netstat -anpt | grep java
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8004          :::*                    LISTEN      2659/java           
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      2532/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8070                 :::*                    LISTEN      2659/java           
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8006          :::*                    LISTEN      2558/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8008                 :::*                    LISTEN      2659/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN      2532/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8010                 :::*                    LISTEN      2558/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      2532/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8090                 :::*                    LISTEN      2558/java 

测试