python 小练习

1、将txt文件写入到excel

import xlwt #写入文件
import os

# main function：将txt文件写入到excel

def txt_to_excel(sheetName,excelFileName,txtFileName,col_num):
    '''
    :param sheetName: sheet名称
    :param excelFileName: Excel文件名称
    :param txtFileName: txt文件名称
    :param col_num: 列数
    :return:
    '''
    excelFile = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8', style_compression=0)
    sheet = excelFile.add_sheet(sheetName)

    if os.path.exists(excelFileName):
        os.remove(excelFileName)
        print("excel文件去重")
    i=0
    j=0
    with open(txtFileName,'r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        lines = f.readlines()
        print(lines)
    for line in lines:
        #print(line)
        sheet.write(i,j,line)
        j=j+1
        if(j%col_num==0):
            i=i+1
            j=0
    excelFile.save(excelFileName)

    print("excel文件写入完成")



if __name__ == '__main__':
    txtFileName = 'info.txt'
    excelFileName = 'info.xls'
    sheetName = "sheet1"
    col_num = 3
    txt_to_excel(sheetName,excelFileName,txtFileName,col_num)


2、输出一个字符串中出现次数最多的字符及其次数

def get_duplicate_num(string):
    f=list(string)
    g=list(string)
    count=0
    h={}
    for i in range(len(g)):
        for j in range(len(f)):
            if f[j]==g[i]:
                count=count+1
        h[g[i]]=count
        count=0
    # print(h)
    # print(max(h.values()))
    for k,v in h.items():
        if v==max(h.values()):
            print("出现次数最多的字符为{},出现的最大次数是{}".format(k,v))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    string = "jjdfkja2343"
    get_duplicate_num(string)


3、校验输入的一个字符串是否是有效的身份证，如有效，输出该身份证号对应的地址及性别。

import xlrd
import os
import datetime

#读取excel内容判断所在省,市/县(excel第一列为市/县编号，第二列为市/县，第三列为省编号，第四列为省名
def excel_check(card):
    num = card[0:6]
    file_path = (os.path.join(os.path.abspath('.'), '身份证.xlsx'))
    data = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path)
    tab = data.sheet_by_name('idcode')
    row_num = tab.nrows
    # print(row_num)
    dict = {}
    for i in range(0, row_num):
        key = tab.cell_value(i, 0)
        value = tab.cell_value(i, 1)
        dict[key] = value
    #print(dict)

    dict1 = {}
    for j in range(0, 34):
        key1 = tab.cell_value(j, 2)
        value1 = tab.cell_value(j, 3)
        dict1[key1] = value1
    #print(dict1)

    if num in dict.keys():
        #print(dict1[num[0:2]]+dict[num])
        return (dict1[num[0:2]]+dict[num])

    else:
        #print("身份证格式有误")
        return False


#判断是否是日期
def validate(card):
    date_text=card[6:14]
    try:
        datetime.datetime.strptime(str(date_text), '%Y%m%d')
        #print(str(date_text)+"是一个正确的日期格式")
    except ValueError:
        raise ValueError("身份证格式有误")
        return False

#判断男女
def sex_check(card):
    data = int(card[14:17])
    if data % 2 == 0:
        return ("女性")
    else:
        return ("男性")

#校验身份证最后一位数
def last_data_check(card):
    num = card[17:18]
    ratio = [7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 2]
    last_char = [1, 0, 'X', 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]
    card_data = list(card)
    card_data = list(map(int, card_data[0:17]))
    sum = 0
    for i in range(17):
        sum += ratio[i] * card_data[i]
    # print("最后一位字符为{0}".format(last_char[sum % 11]))

    if num != str(last_char[sum % 11]):
        #print("身份证格式有误")
        return False

if __name__ == '__main__':

    IDcard='4654547879811222'

    if len(IDcard)==18:
        if excel_check(IDcard)==False or validate(IDcard)==False or last_data_check(IDcard)==False:
            print("身份证格式有误")
        else:
            print(excel_check(IDcard))
            print(sex_check(IDcard))
    else:
        print("身份证格式有误")