Robotium编写测试用例如何模拟Junit4的BeforeClass和AfterClass方法1

Robotium的测试类ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2是继承于Junit3的TestCase类，所以并没有提供Junit4的特性.如网上总结说的

• 不能通过annotate的方式来识别子类的新特征，如不能实现@beforeclass，@afterclass等特征。只能通过写setup和teardown，
• TestCase只能以test开头进行测试case书写。

那么有时我们并不想每次开始/完成一个case的时候都做一些重复的动作，也就是要实现Junit4的@beforeclass和@afterclass，该怎么办呢？

以SDK自带的Notepad测试用例作为例子，假如现在我们需要实现两个测试用例

• testAddNoteCNTittle:创建一个中文标题的笔记
• testAddNoteEngTitle:创建一个英文标题的笔记

根据实例提供的代码，在setup里面会初始化solo而在teardown里面会关闭所有打开的activities，也就是说每执行一个case都会重新初始化一次solo和关闭所有的activities：

	@Override
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		//setUp() is run before a test case is started. 
		//This is where the solo object is created.
		super.setUp();

		this.activity = this.getActivity();

		this.solo = new Solo(getInstrumentation(), getActivity());
	}
	
	@Override
	public void tearDown() throws Exception {
		//tearDown() is run after a test case has finished. 
		//finishOpenedActivities() will finish all the activities that have been opened during the test execution.
		solo.finishOpenedActivities();
	}

但事实上我们在这个脚本只是去创建两个Note，并不需要每执行完一个case都要去初始化solo和关闭所有activities。google后没有发现有现成的取代@beforeclass和@aferclass的方法。

以下本人的实现方法

<pre name="code" class="java">package com.example.android.notepad.test;

import com.robotium.solo.Solo;

import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;
import android.app.Activity;

@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public class TCCreateNote extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2{

	private static Solo solo = null;
	public Activity activity;
	
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>private static final int NUMBER_TOTAL_CASES = 2;
	private static int run = 0;
	
	private static Class<?> launchActivityClass;

	//对应re-sign.jar生成出来的信息框里的两个值
	private static String mainActiviy = "com.example.android.notepad.NotesList";
	private static String packageName = "com.example.android.notepad";

	static {

		try {

			launchActivityClass = Class.forName(mainActiviy);

		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

			throw new RuntimeException(e);

		}

	}
	
	
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public TCCreateNote() {
		super(packageName, launchActivityClass);
	}

	
	@Override
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		//setUp() is run before a test case is started. 
		//This is where the solo object is created.
		super.setUp(); 
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>//The variable solo has to be static, since every time after a case's finished, this class TCCreateNote would be re-instantiated
		// which would lead to soto to re-instantiated to be null if it's not set as static
		if(solo == null) {
			TCCreateNote.solo = new Solo(getInstrumentation(), getActivity());
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public void tearDown() throws Exception {
		//Check whether it's the last case executed.
		run += countTestCases();
		if(run >= NUMBER_TOTAL_CASES) {
			solo.finishOpenedActivities();
		}
	}

	public void testAddNoteCNTitle() throws Exception {
		
		solo.clickOnMenuItem("Add note");
		solo.enterText(0, "中文标签笔记");
		solo.clickOnMenuItem("Save");
		solo.clickInList(0);
		solo.clearEditText(0);
		solo.enterText(0, "Text 1");
		solo.clickOnMenuItem("Save");
		solo.assertCurrentActivity("Expected NotesList Activity", "NotesList");
		
		solo.clickLongOnText("中文标签笔记");
		solo.clickOnText("Delete");
	}
	
	
	public void testAddNoteEngTitle() throws Exception {
		solo.clickOnMenuItem("Add note");
		solo.enterText(0, "English Title Note");
		solo.clickOnMenuItem("Save");
		solo.clickInList(0);
		solo.clearEditText(0);
		solo.enterText(0, "Text 1");
		solo.clickOnMenuItem("Save");
		solo.assertCurrentActivity("Expected NotesList Activity", "NotesList");
		
		solo.clickLongOnText("English Title Note");
		solo.clickOnText("Delete");
	}
}

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