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  • CSS布局实现方式(一)

    一 两栏布局(左边固定右边自适应)

    1 通过浮动实现(float):需要两个div实现,一个div设置浮动,并设置宽度,另一个div可以不用设置任何东西

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 
     4 <head>
     5   <meta charset="UTF-8">
     6   <title>两栏布局——float</title>
     7   <style>
     8     div {
     9       height: 300px;
    10     }
    11 
    12     .left {
    13        200px;
    14       background-color: gray;
    15       float: left;
    16     }
    17 
    18     .main {
    19       background-color: pink;
    20       margin-left:200px;
    21       /* 或者overflow:hidden; */
    22     }
    23   </style>
    24 </head>
    25 
    26 <body>
    27   <div class='left'></div>
    28   <div class='main'></div>
    29 </body>
    30 
    31 </html>
    View Code

    2通过相对定位和绝对定位实现:需要三个div,其中一个div是父容器,包含两个子元素。

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 <head>
     4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     5     <title>两栏布局——absolue</title>
     6     <style>
     7             .outer{
     8                     position:relative;
     9                     height:300px;
    10             }
    11             .left{
    12                     position:absolute;
    13                     300px;
    14                     background-color:blue;
    15                     height:100%;
    16             }
    17             .main{
    18                     background-color:yellow;
    19                     position:absolute;
    20                     left:300px;
    21                     right:0;
    22                     height:100%;
    23 
    24             }
    25     </style>
    26 </head>
    27 <body>
    28     <div class = 'outer'>
    29             <div class = 'left'></div>
    30             <div class = 'main'></div>
    31     <div>
    32 </body>
    33 </html>
    View Code

     3.通过弹性盒子flex实现:需要三个div,其中一个div是父容器,包含两个子元素。 

     1     div{
     2         height:300px;
     3     }
     4     .parent{
     5         display:flex;
     6     }
     7     .left{
     8         flex:0 0 100px;
     9     }
    10     .right{
    11         flex:1 1 auto;
    12     }
    View Code

     二 三栏布局(左右固定,中间自适应):

    1浮动布局:

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 <head>
     4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     5     <title>三栏布局——float</title>
     6     <style>
     7         div {
     8             height: 200px;
     9         }
    10 
    11         .left {
    12             float: left;
    13              100px;
    14         }
    15 
    16         .right {
    17             float: right;
    18              100px;
    19         }
    20 
    21         .center {
    22             margin-left: 100px;
    23             margin-right: 100px;
    24         }
    25     </style>
    26 </head>
    27 
    28 <body>
    29     <div class="left" style="background-color:rgb(6, 235, 44)"></div>
    30     <div class="right" style="background-color:rgb(9, 134, 236)"></div>
    31     <div class="center" style="background-color:red"></div>
    32 </body>
    33 
    34 </html>
    View Code

    2 BFC三栏布局:原理: BFC规则有这样的描述:BFC 区域不会与浮动元素重叠, 因此我们可以利用这一点来实现 3 列布局

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 <head>
     4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     5     <title>三栏布局——BFC</title>
     6     <style>
     7         div {
     8             height: 200px;
     9         }
    10 
    11         .left {
    12             float: left;
    13              100px;
    14         }
    15 
    16         .right {
    17             float: right;
    18              100px;
    19         }
    20 
    21         .center {
    22             overflow: hidden;
    23         }
    24     </style>
    25 </head>
    26 
    27 <body>
    28     <div class="left" style="background-color:rgb(6, 235, 44)"></div>
    29     <div class="right" style="background-color:rgb(9, 134, 236)"></div>
    30     <div class="center" style="background-color:red"></div>
    31 </body>
    32 
    33 </html>
    View Code

    3双飞翼布局:原理:给center添加一个容器元素container,设置center的margin值避开侧边栏,让left、right飘在两边

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 
     4 <head>
     5     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     6     <title>三栏布局——双飞翼</title>
     7     <style>
     8         .container {
     9             float: left;
    10              100%;
    11         }
    12 
    13         .center {
    14             margin-left: 100px;
    15             margin-right: 100px;
    16             height: 100px;
    17         }
    18 
    19         .right {
    20             float: left;
    21             margin-left: -100px;
    22             /*自身宽度*/
    23              100px;
    24             height: 100px;
    25         }
    26 
    27         .left {
    28             float: left;
    29             margin-left: -100%;
    30             /*基于父元素百分比的外边距*/
    31              100px;
    32             height: 100px;
    33         }
    34     </style>
    35 </head>
    36 
    37 <body>
    38     <div class="container">
    39         <div class="center" style="background-color:red"></div>
    40     </div>
    41     <div class="left" style="background-color:rgb(6, 235, 44)"></div>
    42     <div class="right" style="background-color:rgb(9, 134, 236)"></div>
    43 </body>
    44 
    45 </html>
    View Code

    4圣杯布局:

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 
     4 <head>
     5     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     6     <title>三栏布局——双飞翼</title>
     7     <style>
     8         .container {
     9             margin-left: 100px;
    10             margin-right: 100px;
    11         }
    12 
    13         .center {
    14             float: left;
    15              100%;
    16             height: 100px;
    17         }
    18 
    19         .left {
    20             float: left;
    21             margin-left: -100%;
    22             position: relative;
    23             left: -100px;
    24              100px;
    25             height: 100px;
    26         }
    27 
    28         .right {
    29             float: left;
    30             margin-left: -100px;
    31             position: relative;
    32             right: -100px;
    33              100px;
    34             height: 100px;
    35         }
    36     </style>
    37 </head>
    38 
    39 <body>
    40     <div class="container">
    41         <div class="center" style="background-color:rgb(9, 134, 236)"></div>
    42         <div class="left" style="background-color:red"></div>
    43         <div class="right" style="background-color:rgb(6, 235, 44)"></div>
    44     </div>
    45 </body>
    46 
    47 </html>
    View Code

    5.flex原理: 设置父元素 display:flex;再设置子元素的flex;

    flex 属性是 flex-grow、flex-shrink 和 flex-basis 属性的简写属性:

    flex-grow:项目将相对于其他灵活的项目进行扩展的量
    flex-shrink:规定项目将相对于其他灵活的项目进行收缩的量
    flex-basis:项目的默认长度
    优点:可以先写center,让他先加载,然后用order属性,把他排到中间的位置

     1 .container{
     2     display:flex;
     3     100%;
     4     height:100px;
     5 }
     6 .left{
     7     flex:0 0 100px;
     8     order: 0 /*默认为0*/
     9 }
    10 .right{
    11     flex:0 0 100px;
    12     order:2
    13 }
    14 .center{
    15     flex:1 1 auto;
    16     order:1
    17 }
    18 
    19 <div class="container">
    20         <div class="center" style="background-color:rgb(9, 134, 236)"></div>
    21     <div class="left" style="background-color:red"></div>
    22     <div class="right" style="background-color:rgb(6, 235, 44)"></div>
    23 </div>
    View Code

    6. table布局 缺点:无法设置栏间距

     1 .container{
     2     display:table;
     3     100%;
     4 }
     5 .left,.center,.right{
     6     display:table-cell;
     7 }
     8 .left{
     9     100px;
    10     height:100px;
    11 }
    12 .right{
    13      100px;
    14     height:100px;
    15 }
    16 
    17 <div class="container">
    18     <div class="left" style="background-color:red"></div>
    19     <div class="center" style="background-color:rgb(9, 134, 236)"></div>
    20     <div class="right" style="background-color:rgb(6, 235, 44)"></div>
    21 </div> 
    View Code

    7.绝对定位布局

    优点: 简单实用,并且主要内容可以优先加载。

     1 .container{
     2     position:relative;
     3 }
     4 .center{
     5     margin-left:100px;
     6     margin-right:100px;
     7     height:100px;
     8 }
     9 .left{
    10     position:absolute;
    11     left:0;
    12     top:0;
    13     100px;
    14     height:100px;
    15 }
    16 .right{
    17     position:absolute;
    18     right:0;
    19     top:0;
    20     100px;
    21     height:100px;
    22 }
    23 
    24 <div class="container">
    25     <div class="left" style="background-color:red"></div>
    26     <div class="center" style="background-color:rgb(9, 134, 236)"></div>
    27     <div class="right" style="background-color:rgb(6, 235, 44)"></div>
    28 </div> 
    View Code

    8.网格布局(Grid布局)

     1 .container{     
     2     display: grid;            
     3     grid-template-columns: 100px auto 100px;                     
     4     grid-template-rows: 100px;                
     5     }    
     6 
     7      <div class="container">
     8     <div class="left" style="background-color:red"></div>
     9     <div class="center" style="background-color:rgb(9, 134, 236)"></div>
    10     <div class="right" style="background-color:rgb(6, 235, 44)"></div>
    11 </div>
    View Code

    CSS常用布局的几种实现方式:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39903567/article/details/114751532

    Flex(弹性布局)实现五大常用布局:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39903567/article/details/114754898

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/terrymin/p/14646928.html
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