一． 问题说明
数据库alert log中的信息如下：
Mon Jul 30 22:01:00 2012
Errors in file /g01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gumd/gumd/trace/gumd_mmon_21407.trc (incident=76981):
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码，参数: [kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1], [27072], [], [], [],[], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-27072: 文件 I/O 错误
Linux-x86_64 Error: 9: Bad file descriptor
Additional information: 4
Additional information: 4
Additional information: -1
Incident details in:/g01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gumd/gumd/incident/incdir_76981/gumd_mmon_21407_i76981.trc
Mon Jul 30 22:01:02 2012
Trace dumping is performingid=[cdmp_20120730220102]
Mon Jul 30 22:01:04 2012
Errors in file/g01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gumd/gumd/trace/gumd_dbw0_3375.trc (incident=76937):
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码，参数:[kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1], [27072], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-27072: 文件 I/O 错误
Linux-x86_64 Error: 9: Bad file descriptor
Additional information: 4
Additional information: 4
Additional information: -1
Incident details in:/g01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gumd/gumd/incident/incdir_76937/gumd_dbw0_3375_i76937.trc
Errors in file /g01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gumd/gumd/trace/gumd_dbw0_3375.trc:
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码，参数: [kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1],[27072], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-27072: 文件 I/O 错误
Linux-x86_64 Error: 9: Bad file descriptor
Additional information: 4
Additional information: 4
Additional information: -1
DBW0 (ospid: 3375): terminating theinstance due to error 471
Instance terminated by DBW0, pid = 3375
二．解决方法
2.1 错误原因：
Starting with10g, the MMON background process manages all memory resize activity by modifyingthe related parameters. The parameter update activity is triggered by atimeout.
If the updatecannot be performed, several error conditions are checked to see if that couldbe the cause.
If we cannotmatch the current condition to the list of known exceptions, we raise theassert kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1
In such a case,we need to look at the first argument returned with the ORA-600.
This will give you the error number of the triggering condition.
In the presentcase, the key error is the ORA-27091 "unable to queue I/O"
In other words, we raise such an error when a "read/write/readv/writevsystem call returned error".
Finally, here,we found out that the problem was actually due to the spfile having root asowner
导致ORA-00600: [kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1]的原因可能有如下：
（1） ORACLE_HOME 磁盘空间不足
（2） 包含SPFILE的文件系统损坏，导致Oracle 不能访问SPFILE.
（3） SPFILE文件所在的用户和组，或者权限不正确。
2.2 解决方法：
（1）如果是权限问题，那么修改SPFILE 文件到oracle 用户，dba组就ok了。
（2）大部分ORA-600 [kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1]的错误都可以尝试重建SPFILE来解决。
步骤如下：
--根据当前SPFILE创建pfile：
SQL> createpfile='<replace_by_full_path>\init.ora' from spfile;
--检查新的PFILE 文件
--关闭数据库并用新的PFILE 启动：
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup pfile=''<replace_by_full_path_of_newly_created_pfile>';
--创建新的SPFILE:
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
--关闭数据库，用新的SPFILE启动：
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup
参考：
ORA-00600[kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1], [27072] Error Crashes The Database [ID1149073.1]
ORA-600[kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1], [27072] When Trying To Start Instance [ID 1457938.1]
ORA-600[Kmgs_parameter_update_timeout_1], [27091], [] [ID 1286640.1]
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