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  • Oracle Linux 6.1 平台安装 Database 11gR2 步骤 说明

    一.安装 Oracle Linux 6.1 系统

    我这里使用VBox 来安装,具体使用参考:

    OracleVirtual Box 安装使用 说明

    http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6826389

    在安装OS 时安装如下包:

    Base System > Base

    Base System > Client management tools

    Base System > Compatibility libraries

    Base System > Hardware monitoring utilities

    Base System > Large Systems Performance

    Base System > Network file system client

    Base System > Performance Tools

    Base System > Perl Support

    Servers > Server Platform

    Servers > System administration tools

    Desktops > Desktop

    Desktops > Desktop Platform

    Desktops > Fonts

    Desktops > General Purpose Desktop

    Desktops > Graphical Administration Tools

    Desktops > Input Methods

    Desktops > X Window System

    Development > Additional Development

    Development > Development Tools

    Applications >Internet Browser

    二.安装 Oracle 11gR2

    之前也整理了几篇Oracle安装的文章,参考:

     linux平台oracle 数据库 安装文档

    http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/4718218

    64位 linux平台下Oracle安装文档

    http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6062816

    这里我们看一下在OracleLinux 下Oracle 的安装。

    2.1 安装软件下载

           Oracle从11g开始安装介质就可以独立进行安装,从OTN上我们只能下载到11.2.0.1版本,从MOS上,我们可以下载到11.2.0.3版本。 我这里使用MOS上的11.2.0.3版本进行测试。

    OTN上的下载地址:

    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

    2.2 解压缩 Patchset

    Oracle 11g的Patchset 分几个文件,每个文件的作用都不同。

    第一, 二个包表示database ,  如果升级数据库,只需要这2个文件即可。

    第三个包表示grid, 用来升级RAC 的CRS。如果升级RAC 要先用这个文件。

    第四个表示客户端,

    第五个表示gateways, 

    第六个表示examples,   这个是我们的示例文件安装包。

    第七个表示deinstall . 

    更多内容参考:

    Oracle 11gR2Patchset 不同文件作用 说明

    http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6818770

    #11.2.0.3

    unzipp10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

    unzipp10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

    2.3 修改hosts 文件

    The "/etc/hosts" file mustcontain a fully qualified name for the server.

    <IP-address>  <fully-qualified-machine-name>  <machine-name>

    For example.

    127.0.0.1      localhost

    192.168.3.201  dave

    2.4 修改配置参数

    2.4.1 使用preinstall自动设置

    之前单独整理了一篇Blog来说明preinstall 包,参考:

    Oracle Linux6 下Oracle RDBMS Server 11gR2 Preinstall RPM 包说明

    http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/7456878

    该包会自动完成大部分的配置工作,从而提高我们部署的效率。

    [root@dave Desktop]# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

    Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit

    Setting up Install Process

    Resolving Dependencies

    --> Running transaction check

    ---> Packageoracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-3.el6 will be installed

    --> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ forpackage: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64

    --> Processing Dependency:libstdc++-devel for package:oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64

    --> Processing Dependency: libaio-develfor package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64

    --> Processing Dependency: ksh forpackage: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64

    --> Running transaction check

    ---> Package gcc-c++.x86_640:4.4.6-3.el6 will be installed

    --> Processing Dependency: libstdc++ =4.4.6-3.el6 for package: gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64

    ---> Package ksh.x86_640:20100621-12.el6_2.1 will be installed

    ---> Package libaio-devel.x86_640:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed

    ---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_640:4.4.6-3.el6 will be installed

    --> Running transaction check

    ---> Package libstdc++.x86_640:4.4.5-6.el6 will be updated

    ---> Package libstdc++.x86_640:4.4.6-3.el6 will be an update

    --> Finished Dependency Resolution

    Dependencies Resolved

    ================================================================================

     Package                            Arch   Version             Repository  Size

    ================================================================================

    Installing:

     oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

                                        x86_641.0-3.el6           ol6_latest  15 k

    Installing for dependencies:

     gcc-c++                            x86_64 4.4.6-3.el6         ol6_latest 4.7 M

     ksh                                x86_6420100621-12.el6_2.1 ol6_latest 683 k

     libaio-devel                       x86_640.3.107-10.el6      ol6_latest  13 k

     libstdc++-devel                    x86_64 4.4.6-3.el6         ol6_latest 1.5 M

    Updating for dependencies:

     libstdc++                          x86_644.4.6-3.el6         ol6_latest 290 k

    Transaction Summary

    ================================================================================

    Install       5 Package(s)

    Upgrade       1 Package(s)

    Total size: 7.2 M

    Total download size: 4.7 M

    Is this ok [y/N]: y

    Downloading Packages:

    gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm                           | 4.7 MB     00:01    

    Running rpm_check_debug

    Running Transaction Test

    Transaction Test Succeeded

    Running Transaction

     Updating   :libstdc++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64                                 1/7

     Installing : libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64                           2/7

     Installing : gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64                                   3/7

     Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64                           4/7

     Installing : ksh-20100621-12.el6_2.1.x86_64                               5/7

     Installing : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-3.el6.x86_64        6/7

     Cleanup    :libstdc++-4.4.5-6.el6.x86_64                                 7/7

    Installed:

     oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-3.el6                      

    Dependency Installed:

     gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6          ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-12.el6_2.1     

     libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6  libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6 

    Dependency Updated:

     libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6                                               

    Complete!

    [root@dave Desktop]#

    2.4.2 手工设置

    如果不使用rpm 包自动配置,就需要手工的做配置,具体的配置工作如下:

    (1)    修改/etc/sysctl.conf 文件

    Oracle 需求的最小配置如下:

    fs.suid_dumpable = 1

    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

    fs.file-max = 6815744

    kernel.shmall = 2097152

    kernel.shmmax = 536870912

    kernel.shmmni = 4096

    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

    net.core.rmem_default = 262144

    net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

    net.core.wmem_default = 262144

    net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

    可以使用如下命令来查看某个参数值:

    /sbin/sysctl -a | grep <param-name>

    在/etc/sysctl.conf文件里在添加或者修改如下内容:

    fs.suid_dumpable = 1

    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

    fs.file-max = 6815744

    kernel.shmall = 2097152

    kernel.shmmax = 536870912

    kernel.shmmni = 4096

    # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm,semmni

    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

    net.core.rmem_default=4194304

    net.core.rmem_max=4194304

    net.core.wmem_default=262144

    net.core.wmem_max=1048586

    修改完成之后执行如下命令使修改生效:

    /sbin/sysctl –p

    2)在/etc/security/limits.conf 文件里添加如下内容

    oracle              soft    nproc  2047

    oracle              hard    nproc  16384

    oracle              soft    nofile 4096

    oracle              hard    nofile 65536

    oracle              soft    stack  10240

    3)安装相关的RPM

    # From Oracle Linux 6 DVD

    cd /media/cdrom/Server/Packages

    rpm -Uvh binutils-2*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh glibc-2*x86_64*nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh glibc-2*i686*nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686*

    rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*i686*

    rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh gcc-4*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh ksh-*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh libaio-0*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh libaio-0*i686*

    rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*i686*

    rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*i686*

    rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*i686*

    rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh make-3.81*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-2*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh sysstat-9*x86_64*

    rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*i686*

    rpm -Uvh compat-libcap*

    cd /

    eject

    4)创建groups users

    groupadd -g 501 oinstall

    groupadd -g 502 dba

    groupadd -g 503 oper

    groupadd -g 504 asmadmin

    groupadd -g 506 asmdba

    groupadd -g 505 asmoper

    useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -Gdba,asmdba,oper oracle

    passwd oracle

    2.5 其他设置

    2.5.1 禁用SELINUX

    在/etc/selinux/config里设置:SELINUX=disabled

    修改这个参数需要重启系统才能生效。

    2.5.2 创建目录并赋权

    mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

    chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

    chmod -R 775 /u01

    2.5.3 切换到oracle用户,并修改.bash_profile 文件

    [oracle@dave ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile

    在.bash_profile文件里添加如下内容:

    # Oracle Settings

    TMP=/tmp; export TMP

    TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

    ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dave; exportORACLE_HOSTNAME

    ORACLE_UNQNAME=dave; export ORACLE_UNQNAME

    ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; exportORACLE_BASE

    ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1;export ORACLE_HOME

    ORACLE_SID=dave; export ORACLE_SID

    PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

    PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

    CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;export CLASSPATH

    2.6 安装软件

    这里可以使用NoMachine,VNC 等工具。

    远程桌面工具-- NoMachine

    http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6003610

    我这里直接在系统里来:

    (1)    用root 用户执行:

    Xhost +

    (2)    用Oracle 执行:

    DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; exportDISPLAY

    (3)    开始安装

    ./runInstaller

    2.7  修改自启动参数

    修改/etc/oratab 文件,将最后标记改成Y

    Edit the "/etc/oratab" filesetting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.

    dave:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

    关于Oracle实例开机自启动的更多内容参考:

    Linux 下Oracle开机自启动 与 oratab, dbstart 脚本 说明

    http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/7220657

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tianlesoftware/p/3609294.html
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