新搭建的环境，计划使用10g的最新版本10.2.0.5.4，之前测试过程参考如下：
Linux 平台 Oracle 单实例 从10.2.0.1升级到10.2.0.5.4步骤
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6858397
前面都比较顺利，但是在apply10.2.0.5.4 的Patch 报错了。
qs-xe-dzora-pd:/u01/software/12419392>$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.5.1
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version10.2.0.5.1
Copyright (c) 2010, OracleCorporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home :/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1
Central Inventory :/home/oracle/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.5.1
OUI version : 10.2.0.5.0
OUI location :/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/oui
Log file location :/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2011-10-19_21-03-26PM.log
Patch history file:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch_history.txt
ApplySession applying interim patch'12419392' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1'
Running prerequisite checks...
Patch 12419392: Optionalcomponent(s) missing : [ oracle.rdbms, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [oracle.rdbms.rsf, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [oracle.rdbms.dv, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [ oracle.network.rsf, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [oracle.rdbms.dv.oc4j, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [ oracle.sysman.bsln, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [oracle.sysman.repository.core, 10.2.0.5.0a ] , [ oracle.sysman.console.db,10.2.0.5.0 ] , [ oracle.xdk.rsf, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [ oracle.precomp.common,10.2.0.5.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.rman, 10.2.0.5.0 ]
Prerequisite check "CheckApplicable"failed.
The details are:
Patch"12419392" is a no-op patch.
ApplySession failed during prerequisitechecks: Prerequisite check "CheckApplicable" failed.
System intact, OPatch will not attempt torestore the system
OPatch failed with error code 74
qs-xe-dzora-pd:/u01/software/12419392>
因为是新搭建的生产环境，用OUI 把之前的安装的Oracle 全部卸载，然后重装了一下，在打到10.2.0.5.0. 因为没有创建实例，所以整个过程也就20来分钟。
之后在打这个patch 就顺利通过了。但是还是有提示可选组件丢失：
qs-xe-dzora-pd:/u01/software/12419392>$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.5.1
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version10.2.0.5.1
Copyright (c) 2010, OracleCorporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home :/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1
Central Inventory :/home/oracle/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.5.1
OUI version : 10.2.0.5.0
OUI location : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/oui
Log file location :/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2011-10-20_09-23-52AM.log
Patch history file:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch_history.txt
ApplySession applying interim patch'12419392' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1'
Running prerequisite checks...
Patch 12419392: Optionalcomponent(s) missing : [ oracle.rdbms.dv, 10.2.0.5.0 ] , [oracle.rdbms.dv.oc4j, 10.2.0.5.0 ]
Provide your email address to be informedof security issues, install and
initiate Oracle Configuration Manager.Easier for you if you use your My
Oracle Support Email address/User Name.
Visithttp://www.oracle.com/support/policies.html for details.
……
验证Patch：
qs-xe-dzora-pd:/u01/software/12419392> $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinv-bugs_fixed|grep PSU
9952230 12419392 Thu Oct 20 09:34:38 CST2011 DATABASE PSU 10.2.0.5.1 (INCLUDESCPUOCT2010)
10248542 12419392 Thu Oct 20 09:34:38 CST2011 DATABASE PSU 10.2.0.5.2 (INCLUDESCPUJAN2011)
11724962 12419392 Thu Oct 20 09:34:38 CST2011 DATABASE PSU 10.2.0.5.3 (INCLUDESCPUAPR2011)
12419392 12419392 Thu Oct 20 09:34:38 CST2011 DATABASE PSU 10.2.0.5.4 (INCLUDESCPUJUL2011)
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