C# 常用文件操作

    public class IoHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 判断文件是否存在
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param>
        /// <returns>是否存在</returns>
        public static bool Exists(string fileName)
        {
            if (fileName == null || fileName.Trim() == "")
            {
                return false;
            }
            return File.Exists(fileName);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 创建文件夹
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dirName">文件夹名</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool CreateDir(string dirName)
        {
            try
            {
                if (dirName == null)
                    throw new Exception("dirName");
                if (!Directory.Exists(dirName))
                {
                    Directory.CreateDirectory(dirName);
                }
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception er)
            {
                throw new Exception(er.Message);
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 创建文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param>
        /// <returns>创建失败返回false</returns>
        public static bool CreateFile(string fileName)
        {
            try
            {
                if (File.Exists(fileName)) return false;
                var fs = File.Create(fileName);
                fs.Close();
                fs.Dispose();
            }
            catch (IOException ioe)
            {
                throw new IOException(ioe.Message);
            }

            return true;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 读文件内容,转化为字符类型
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Read(string fileName)
        {
            if (!Exists(fileName))
            {
                return null;
            }
            //将文件信息读入流中
            using (var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open))
            {
                return new StreamReader(fs).ReadToEnd();
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 文件转化为Char[]数组
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static char[] FileRead(string fileName)
        {
            if (!Exists(fileName))
            {
                return null;
            }
            var byData = new byte[1024];
            var charData = new char[1024];
            try
            {
                var fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open);
                fileStream.Seek(135, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                fileStream.Read(byData, 0, 1024);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.Message);
            }
            var decoder = Encoding.UTF8.GetDecoder();
            decoder.GetChars(byData, 0, byData.Length, charData, 0);
            return charData;
        }



        /// <summary>
        /// 文件转化为byte[]
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] ReadFile(string fileName)
        {
            FileStream pFileStream = null;
            try
            {
                pFileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
                var r = new BinaryReader(pFileStream);
                //将文件指针设置到文件开
                r.BaseStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                var pReadByte = r.ReadBytes((int)r.BaseStream.Length);
                return pReadByte;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.Message);

            }
            finally
            {
                if (pFileStream != null) pFileStream.Close();
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 将byte写入文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pReadByte">字节流</param>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool WriteFile(byte[] pReadByte, string fileName)
        {
            FileStream pFileStream = null;
            try
            {
                pFileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate);
                pFileStream.Write(pReadByte, 0, pReadByte.Length);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (pFileStream != null) pFileStream.Close();
            }
            return true;

        }

        public static string ReadLine(string fileName)
        {
            if (!Exists(fileName))
            {
                return null;
            }
            using (var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open))
            {
                return new StreamReader(fs).ReadLine();
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 写文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param>
        /// <param name="content">文件内容</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool Write(string fileName, string content)
        {
            if (Exists(fileName) || content == null)
            {
                return false;
            }
            try
            {
                //将文件信息读入流中
                //初始化System.IO.FileStream类的新实例与指定路径和创建模式
                using (var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))
                {
                    //锁住流
                    lock (fs)
                    {
                        if (!fs.CanWrite)
                        {
                            throw new System.Security.SecurityException("文件fileName=" + fileName + "是只读文件不能写入!");
                        }

                        var buffer = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(content);
                        fs.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (IOException ioe)
            {
                throw new Exception(ioe.Message);
            }

        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 写入一行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param>
        /// <param name="content">内容</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool WriteLine(string fileName, string content)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName))
                throw new ArgumentNullException(fileName);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content))
                throw new ArgumentNullException(content);
            using (var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate | FileMode.Append))
            {
                //锁住流
                lock (fs)
                {
                    if (!fs.CanWrite)
                    {
                        throw new System.Security.SecurityException("文件fileName=" + fileName + "是只读文件不能写入!");
                    }

                    var sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
                    sw.WriteLine(content);
                    sw.Dispose();
                    sw.Close();
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 复制目录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fromDir">被复制的目录</param>
        /// <param name="toDir">复制到的目录</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool CopyDir(DirectoryInfo fromDir, string toDir)
        {
            return CopyDir(fromDir, toDir, fromDir.FullName);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 复制目录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fromDir">被复制的目录</param>
        /// <param name="toDir">复制到的目录</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool CopyDir(string fromDir, string toDir)
        {
            if (fromDir == null || toDir == null)
            {
                throw new NullReferenceException("参数为空");
            }

            if (fromDir == toDir)
            {
                throw new Exception("两个目录都是" + fromDir);
            }

            if (!Directory.Exists(fromDir))
            {
                throw new IOException("目录fromDir=" + fromDir + "不存在");
            }

            var dir = new DirectoryInfo(fromDir);
            return CopyDir(dir, toDir, dir.FullName);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 复制目录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fromDir">被复制的目录</param>
        /// <param name="toDir">复制到的目录</param>
        /// <param name="rootDir">被复制的根目录</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static bool CopyDir(DirectoryInfo fromDir, string toDir, string rootDir)
        {
            foreach (var f in fromDir.GetFiles())
            {
                var filePath = toDir + f.FullName.Substring(rootDir.Length);
                var newDir = filePath.Substring(0, filePath.LastIndexOf("\", StringComparison.Ordinal));
                CreateDir(newDir);
                File.Copy(f.FullName, filePath, true);
            }

            foreach (var dir in fromDir.GetDirectories())
            {
                CopyDir(dir, toDir, rootDir);
            }

            return true;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 删除文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件的完整路径</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool DeleteFile(string fileName)
        {
            try
            {
                if (!Exists(fileName)) return false;
                File.Delete(fileName);
            }
            catch (IOException ioe)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(ioe.Message);
            }

            return true;
        }


        public static void DeleteDir(DirectoryInfo dir)
        {
            if (dir == null)
            {
                throw new NullReferenceException("目录不存在");
            }

            foreach (var d in dir.GetDirectories())
            {
                DeleteDir(d);
            }

            foreach (var f in dir.GetFiles())
            {
                DeleteFile(f.FullName);
            }

            dir.Delete();

        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 删除目录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dir">指定目录</param>
        /// <param name="onlyDir">是否只删除目录</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool DeleteDir(string dir, bool onlyDir)
        {
            if (dir == null || dir.Trim() == "")
            {
                throw new NullReferenceException("目录dir=" + dir + "不存在");
            }

            if (!Directory.Exists(dir))
            {
                return false;
            }

            var dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(dir);
            if (dirInfo.GetFiles().Length == 0 && dirInfo.GetDirectories().Length == 0)
            {
                Directory.Delete(dir);
                return true;
            }


            if (!onlyDir)
            {
                return false;
            }
            DeleteDir(dirInfo);
            return true;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 在指定的目录中查找文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dir">目录</param>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool FindFile(string dir, string fileName)
        {
            if (dir == null || dir.Trim() == "" || fileName == null || fileName.Trim() == "" || !Directory.Exists(dir))
            {
                return false;
            }

            //传入文件路径，获取当前文件对象
            var dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(dir);
            return FindFile(dirInfo, fileName);

        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 返回文件是否存在
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dir"></param>
        /// <param name="fileName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool FindFile(DirectoryInfo dir, string fileName)
        {
            foreach (var d in dir.GetDirectories())
            {
                if (File.Exists(d.FullName + "\" + fileName))
                {
                    return true;
                }
                FindFile(d, fileName);
            }

            return false;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 获取指定文件夹中的所有文件夹名称
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="folderPath">路径</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static List<string> FolderName(string folderPath)
        {
            var listFolderName = new List<string>();
            try
            {
                var info = new DirectoryInfo(folderPath);

                listFolderName.AddRange(info.GetDirectories().Select(nextFolder => nextFolder.Name));
            }
            catch (Exception er)
            {
                throw new Exception(er.Message);
            }

            return listFolderName;

        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 获取指定文件夹中的文件名称
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="folderPath">路径</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static List<string> FileName(string folderPath)
        {
            var listFileName = new List<string>();
            try
            {
                var info = new DirectoryInfo(folderPath);

                listFileName.AddRange(info.GetFiles().Select(nextFile => nextFile.Name));
            }
            catch (Exception er)
            {
                throw new Exception(er.Message);
            }

            return listFileName;
        }
    }

C#实现文件遍历拷贝

 1 public static bool CopyDirectory(string pathSrc, string pathDst)  
 2 {  
 3     if(!Directory.Exists(pathSrc))  
 4     {  
 5         return false;  
 6     }  
 7       
 8     CreateFullPath(pathDst);  
 9       
10     DirectoryInfo directorySrc = new DirectoryInfo(pathSrc);  
11     DirectoryInfo directoryDst = new DirectoryInfo(pathDst);  
12       
13     CopyDirectory(directorySrc, directoryDst);  
14     return true;  
15 }  
16   
17 private static void CopyDirectory(DirectoryInfo srcDictionary, DirectoryInfo dstDictionary)  
18 {  
19     FileInfo[] srcFiles = srcDictionary.GetFiles();  
20     foreach(FileInfo srcFile in srcFiles)  
21     {  
22         File.Copy(srcFile.FullName, Path.Combine(dstDictionary.FullName, srcFile.Name), true);  
23     }  
24       
25     DirectoryInfo[] directorySrcArray = srcDictionary.GetDirectories();  
26     foreach(DirectoryInfo directorySrc in directorySrcArray)  
27     {  
28         string dstDirectoryFullPath = Path.Combine(dstDictionary.FullName, directorySrc.Name);  
29         DirectoryInfo directoryDst = new DirectoryInfo(dstDirectoryFullPath);  
30           
31         CreateFullPath(directoryDst.FullName);  
32           
33         CopyDirectory(directorySrc, directoryDst);  
34     }  
35 } 
36 
37 private static void CreateFullPath(string fullPath)
38 {
39     if (!Directory.Exists(fullPath))
40     {
41         Directory.CreateDirectory(fullPath);
42     }
43 }

 C# 压缩解压文件

方法一、调用WinRAR方式

/// <summary>
/// 利用 WinRAR 进行压缩
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">将要被压缩的文件夹（绝对路径）</param>
/// <param name="rarPath">压缩后的 .rar 的存放目录（绝对路径）</param>
/// <param name="rarName">压缩文件的名称（包括后缀）</param>
/// <returns>true 或 false。压缩成功返回 true，反之，false。</returns>
public bool RAR(string path, string rarPath, string rarName)
{
    bool flag = false;
    string rarexe;       //WinRAR.exe 的完整路径
    RegistryKey regkey;  //注册表键
    Object regvalue;     //键值
    string cmd;          //WinRAR 命令参数
    ProcessStartInfo startinfo;
    Process process;
    try
    {
        regkey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@"ApplicationsWinRAR.exeshellopencommand");
        regvalue = regkey.GetValue("");  // 键值为 "d:Program FilesWinRARWinRAR.exe" "%1"
        rarexe = regvalue.ToString();    
        regkey.Close();
        rarexe = rarexe.Substring(1, rarexe.Length - 7);  // d:Program FilesWinRARWinRAR.exe
 
        Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
        path = """ + path + """;
        //压缩命令，相当于在要压缩的文件夹(path)上点右键->WinRAR->添加到压缩文件->输入压缩文件名(rarName)
        cmd = string.Format("a {0} {1} -ep1 -o+ -inul -r -ibck",
                            rarName,
                            path);
        startinfo = new ProcessStartInfo();
        startinfo.FileName = rarexe;
        startinfo.Arguments = cmd;                          //设置命令参数
        startinfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;  //隐藏 WinRAR 窗口
 
        startinfo.WorkingDirectory = rarPath;
        process = new Process();
        process.StartInfo = startinfo;
        process.Start();
        process.WaitForExit(); //无限期等待进程 winrar.exe 退出
        if (process.HasExited)
        {
            flag = true;
        }
        process.Close();
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        throw e;
    }
    return flag;
}
/// <summary>
/// 利用 WinRAR 进行解压缩
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">文件解压路径（绝对）</param>
/// <param name="rarPath">将要解压缩的 .rar 文件的存放目录（绝对路径）</param>
/// <param name="rarName">将要解压缩的 .rar 文件名（包括后缀）</param>
/// <returns>true 或 false。解压缩成功返回 true，反之，false。</returns>
public bool UnRAR(string path, string rarPath, string rarName)
{
    bool flag = false;
    string rarexe;
    RegistryKey regkey;
    Object regvalue;
    string cmd;
    ProcessStartInfo startinfo;
    Process process;
    try
    {
        regkey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@"ApplicationsWinRAR.exeshellopencommand");
        regvalue = regkey.GetValue("");
        rarexe = regvalue.ToString();
        regkey.Close();
        rarexe = rarexe.Substring(1, rarexe.Length - 7);
 
        Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
        //解压缩命令，相当于在要压缩文件(rarName)上点右键->WinRAR->解压到当前文件夹
        cmd = string.Format("x {0} {1} -y",
                            rarName,
                            path);
        startinfo = new ProcessStartInfo();
        startinfo.FileName = rarexe;
        startinfo.Arguments = cmd;
        startinfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;
 
        startinfo.WorkingDirectory = rarPath;
        process = new Process();
        process.StartInfo = startinfo;
        process.Start();
        process.WaitForExit();
        if (process.HasExited)
        {
            flag = true;
        }
        process.Close();
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        throw e;
    }
    return flag;
}

注意：如果路径中有空格（如：D:Program Files）的话压缩解压就会出现问题，需要在path 和 rarName 上加双引号，如： path = """ + path + """; 

方法二、使用C#压缩解压库

SharpCompress是一个开源的压缩解压库，可以对RAR,7Zip,Zip,Tar,GZip,BZip2进行处理。

官方网址：http://sharpcompress.codeplex.com/ 

使用例子：

//RAR文件解压缩:
using (Stream stream = File.OpenRead(@"C:Codesharpcompress.rar"))
{
    var reader = ReaderFactory.Open(stream);
    while (reader.MoveToNextEntry())
    {
        if (!reader.Entry.IsDirectory)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(reader.Entry.FilePath);
            reader.WriteEntryToDirectory(@"C:	emp", ExtractOptions.ExtractFullPath | ExtractOptions.Overwrite);
        }
    }
}


//ZIP文件解压缩:
var archive = ArchiveFactory.Open(@"C:CodesharpcompressTestArchivessharpcompress.zip");
foreach (var entry in archive.Entries)
{
    if (!entry.IsDirectory)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(entry.FilePath);
        entry.WriteToDirectory(@"C:	emp", ExtractOptions.ExtractFullPath | ExtractOptions.Overwrite);
    }
}


//压缩为ZIP文件:
using (var archive = ZipArchive.Create())
{
    archive.AddAllFromDirectoryEntry(@"C:\source");
    archive.SaveTo("@C:\new.zip");
}

 

//用Writer API创建ZIP文件 
using (var zip = File.OpenWrite("C:\test.zip"))
using (var zipWriter = WriterFactory.Open(ArchiveType.Zip, zip))
{
     foreach (var filePath in filesList)
     {
        zipWriter.Write(Path.GetFileName(file), filePath);
     }
}
 

//创建tar.bz2
using (Stream stream = File.OpenWrite(tarPath))
using (var writer = WriterFactory.Open(ArchiveType.Tar, stream))
{
    writer.WriteAll(filesPath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
}
using (Stream stream = File.OpenWrite(tarbz2Path))
using (var writer = WriterFactory.Open(ArchiveType.BZip2, stream))
{
    writer.Write("Tar.tar", tarPath);
}

我们看到SharpCompress是没有压缩为rar的命令，因为所有RAR压缩文件都需要RAR作者的许可，你可以考虑压缩为zip或7zip，要不就使用WINRAR命令行压缩。