我们学习java时,通常被告知,变量定义的顺序不重要,可是下面程序确在jdk 1.7上执行出错。
public class FactoryImpl implements Serializable { private final static FactoryImpl INSTANCE = new FactoryImpl(); private final static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0); private int id; private FactoryImpl() { id = count.incrementAndGet(); } public int getId() { return id; } public static FactoryImpl getInstance() { return INSTANCE; } public static void main(String[] args) { FactoryImpl impl1 = FactoryImpl.getInstance(); System.out.println(impl1.id); } }
把下面代码调整顺序之后能够运行成功。
private static final FactoryImpl INSTANCE = new FactoryImpl(); private final static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);
原因例如以下,假设不调整时,当类被载入时,先初始化INSTANCE静态变量,这时,会调用FactoryImpl构造方法,在此构造方法里,调用count.incremnetAndGet();这时count还没有初始化。这是因为进行类载入时。静成变量的初始化顺序造成的。