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  • 和我一起学python,控制语句 (life is short ,we need python)

    控制语句

    if/elif/else 

      if语句和一般编程语言一样,条件为true 执行

      如: if true :

          print 'true'         <----if、else下对齐,要使用相同的空格或者tab

        else:

          print 'false'

        

         但是,python有自己的特点:

            1. if else 要求严格分层对齐 对于嵌套if、else语句都应当严格分层对齐。

            2.if else 关键字后边一定要加冒号 :

    #!/usr/bin/python
    '''
    create By to be crazy
    All rights Reserved
    
    '''
    score=int(raw_input("Enter your score please
    "))
    if (score>0 and score<100 ):
            if(score>90):
              print "your score is A"
            elif(score>60):
              print "your score is B"
            else:
              print "your score is C"
    else:
            print "your score is not correct"

    可以看出,if嵌套如何匹配else的,第一层if使用一个tab对齐,第二层使用一个空格对齐,切记elif

    循环结构 

    while/for

    for 适用于list和dictionary的遍历,也可以是字符串遍历

      

    word = "Programming is fun!"
    
    for letter in word:
        # Only print out the letter i
        if letter == "i":
            print letter
    for item in [1, 3, 21]: 
        print item
    webster = {
        "Aardvark" : "A star of a popular children's cartoon show.",
        "Baa" : "The sound a goat makes.",
        "Carpet": "Goes on the floor.",
        "Dab": "A small amount."
    }
    
    # Add your code below!
    for key in webster:
        print webster[key]

    for 可以配合range()使用

    for i in range(10):
        print i

    print 0~9

    for loop 遍历dictionary

    d = {'x': 9, 'y': 10, 'z': 20}
    for key in d:
        if d[key] == 10
            print "This dictionary has the value 10!"

    while 循环

    先检查condition是否为true,为ture就继续循环

    loop_condition = True
    
    while loop_condition:
        print "I am a loop"
        loop_condition = False

    while/else 

     while/else 不同于if/else 当循环的条件为False,else语句块会被执行也就是循环从未被执行或在循环正常结束时,都会执行else,如果循环被中断,return、break了,则不执行else。

    import random
    
    print "Lucky Numbers! 3 numbers will be generated."
    print "If one of them is a '5', you lose!"
    
    count = 0
    while count < 3:
        num = random.randint(1, 6)
        print num
        if num == 5:
            print "Sorry, you lose!"
            break
        count += 1
    else:
        print "You win!"

    当执行到break,就不执行else 

    若循环正常结束,执行else

    需要注意:不要忘记for和while语句的冒号  

      

    break/continue

    break 跳出循环

    count = 0
    
    while True:
        print count
        count += 1
        if count >= 10:
            break #exit the current loop.
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tobecrazy/p/3813510.html
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