本主题描述如何运行基本的 Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) 服务。 此过程包含以下步骤：
-
为服务创建基址。
-
为服务创建服务主机。
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启用元数据交换。
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打开服务主机。
在过程后面的以下示例中提供了用于此任务的代码。
为服务配置基址
为服务的基址创建 Uri 实例。 此 URI 指定 HTTP 方案、本地计算机、端口号 8000，以及服务协定中为服务命名空间指定的服务路径 ServiceModelSample/Services。
Uri baseAddress = new Uri(http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/Service);
承载服务
-
创建一个新的 ServiceHost 实例以承载服务。 必须指定实现服务协定和基址的类型。 对于此示例，我们将基址指定为 http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/Services，并将 CalculatorService 指定为实现服务协定的类型。
ServiceHost selfHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorService), baseAddress);
2.添加一个捕获 CommunicationException 的 try-catch 语句，并在接下来的三个步骤中将该代码添加到 try 块中。
3.添加公开服务的终结点。 为此，必须指定终结点公开的协议、绑定和终结点的地址。 对于此示例，将 ICalculator 指定为协定，将 WSHttpBinding 指定为绑定，并将 CalculatorService 指定为地址。 在这里请注意，我们指定的是相对地址。 终结点的完整地址是基址和终结点地址的组合。 在此例中，完整地址是 http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/Services/CalculatorService。
4.启用元数据交换。 为此，必须添加服务元数据行为。 首先创建一个 ServiceMetadataBehavior 实例，将 HttpGetEnabled 属性设置为 true，然后为服务添加新行为。
5.打开 ServiceHost 并等待传入消息。 用户按 Enter 键时，关闭 ServiceHost。
示例
Code
using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
namespace Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples
{
// Define a service contract.
[ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples")]
public interface ICalculator
{
[OperationContract]
double Add(double n1, double n2);
[OperationContract]
double Subtract(double n1, double n2);
[OperationContract]
double Multiply(double n1, double n2);
[OperationContract]
double Divide(double n1, double n2);
}
// Service class that implements the service contract.
// Added code to write output to the console window.
public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
{
public double Add(double n1, double n2)
{
double result = n1 + n2;
Console.WriteLine("Received Add({0},{1})", n1, n2);
Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
return result;
}
public double Subtract(double n1, double n2)
{
double result = n1 - n2;
Console.WriteLine("Received Subtract({0},{1})", n1, n2);
Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
return result;
}
public double Multiply(double n1, double n2)
{
double result = n1 * n2;
Console.WriteLine("Received Multiply({0},{1})", n1, n2);
Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
return result;
}
public double Divide(double n1, double n2)
{
double result = n1 / n2;
Console.WriteLine("Received Divide({0},{1})", n1, n2);
Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
return result;
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Step 1 of the address configuration procedure: Create a URI to serve as the base address.
Uri baseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/Service");
// Step 1 of the hosting procedure: Create ServiceHost
ServiceHost selfHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorService), baseAddress);
try
{
// Step 3 of the hosting procedure: Add a service endpoint.
selfHost.AddServiceEndpoint(
typeof(ICalculator),
new WSHttpBinding(),
"CalculatorService");
// Step 4 of the hosting procedure: Enable metadata exchange.
ServiceMetadataBehavior smb = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
smb.HttpGetEnabled = true;
selfHost.Description.Behaviors.Add(smb);
// Step 5 of the hosting procedure: Start (and then stop) the service.
selfHost.Open();
Console.WriteLine("The service is ready.");
Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ReadLine();
// Close the ServiceHostBase to shutdown the service.
selfHost.Close();
}
catch (CommunicationException ce)
{
Console.WriteLine("An exception occurred: {0}", ce.Message);
selfHost.Abort();
}
}
}
}
服务运行后，下一步是创建一个客户端以访问该服务。