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  • Spring Boot Mail 实现邮件发送

    此 demo 主要演示了 Spring Boot 如何整合邮件功能,包括发送简单文本邮件。

    邮件服务在开发中非常常见,比如用邮件注册账号、邮件作为找回密码的途径、用于订阅内容定期邮件推送等等,下面就简单的介绍下邮件实现方式。

    代码实现

    1.pom.xml依赖

        <dependencies>
            <!-- Spring Boot 邮件依赖 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    

    2.application.yml配置

    spring:
      mail:
        host: smtp.qq.com
        username: 271657370@qq.com
        password: #*****  //授权码,注意这里不是直接填密码
        default-encoding: UTF-8
        properties:
          mail.smtp.auth: true
          mail.smtp.starttls.enable: true
          mail.smtp.starttls.required: true
          mail.smtp.ssl.enable: true
          mail.display.sendmail: spring-boot-demo
    

    注意

    • spring.mail.username指的是发送邮件的QQ邮箱
    • spring.mail.password指的是该邮箱的授权码,而不是该邮箱的密码

    3.编写简单邮件发送接口

    @Service
    public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {
        @Autowired
        private JavaMailSender mailSender;
    
        @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
        private String from;
    
        /**
         * 发送文本邮件
         *
         * @param to      收件人地址
         * @param subject 邮件主题
         * @param content 邮件内容
         * @param cc      抄送地址
         */
        @Override
        public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content, String... cc) {
            SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
            message.setFrom(from);
            message.setTo(to);
            message.setSubject(subject);
            message.setText(content);
            message.setCc(cc);
    
            mailSender.send(message);
        }
    }
    

    4.编写测试用例

    public class MailServiceTest extends EmailApplicationTests {
        @Autowired
        private MailService mailService;
    
        /**
         * 测试简单邮件
         */
        @Test
        public void sendSimpleMail() {
            mailService.sendSimpleMail("smltq@126.com", "这是一封简单邮件", "这是一封普通的SpringBoot测试邮件");
        }
    }
    

    运行测试用例,发现成功收到邮件了

    可能会遇到的异常

    
    org.springframework.mail.MailAuthenticationException: Authentication failed; nested exception is javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException: [EOF]
    
    	at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.doSend(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:440)
    	at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:323)
    	at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:312)
    	at com.easy.email.service.impl.MailServiceImpl.sendSimpleMail(MailServiceImpl.java:35)
    	at com.easy.email.service.MailServiceTest.sendSimpleMail(MailServiceTest.java:16)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.java:74)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.java:84)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:251)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
    	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
    	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
    Caused by: javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException: [EOF]
    	at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport$Authenticator.authenticate(SMTPTransport.java:965)
    	at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.authenticate(SMTPTransport.java:876)
    	at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:780)
    	at javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:366)
    	at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.connectTransport(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:518)
    	at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.doSend(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:437)
    	... 34 more
    
    

    这是因为还没有去邮箱那里设置开启POP3/SMTP服务,操作步骤如下:

    • 邮箱—>设置—>账户,然后拉下来,找到POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务

    • 开启服务:POP3/SMTP服务

    • 开启好了POP3/SMTP服务之后,会有一个授权码,这个授权码就是application.yml的spring.mail.password

    参考

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tqlin/p/11775577.html
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