Android随笔之——用shell脚本模拟用户按键、触摸操作

　　之前写过两篇关于Android中模拟用户操作的博客(其实用一篇是转载的)，现在就来讲讲用shell脚本来模拟用户按键操作。本次的目标是用shell脚本打开微信并在其搜索框中搜索相关内容。

　　本文的模拟功能主要是用adb的input命令来实现，如果你adb的环境变量配置正确的话，在cmd中输入 adb shell input 就可以看见input的用法了。

usage: input ...
input text //输入文字（中文不支持）
input keyevent //keyevent按键
input [touchscreen|touchpad|touchnavigation] tap <x> <y>//点击屏幕
input [touchscreen|touchpad|touchnavigation] swipe <x1> <y1> <x2> <y2> //屏幕滑动 
input trackball press //滚球已经不用了
input trackball roll //滚球已经不用了
input rotationevent 0 1->90 2->180 3->270> //顺时针旋转

下面直接上安卓用户操作的代码，就一个MainActivity而已，UI、Mainfest都不用配置(可能需要root权限)

package com.lsj.adb;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private String[] search = {
            "input keyevent 3",// 返回到主界面，数值与按键的对应关系可查阅KeyEvent
            "sleep 1",// 等待1秒
            "am start -n com.tencent.mm/com.tencent.mm.ui.LauncherUI",// 打开微信的启动界面，am命令的用法可自行百度、Google
            "sleep 3",// 等待3秒
            "am start -n com.tencent.mm/com.tencent.mm.plugin.search.ui.SearchUI",// 打开微信的搜索
            "input text 123",// 像搜索框中输入123，但是input不支持中文，蛋疼，而且这边没做输入法处理，默认会自动弹出输入法
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //如果input text中有中文，可以将中文转成unicode进行input,没有测试，只是觉得这个思路是可行的
        search[5] = chineseToUnicode(search[5]);
        execShell(search);
    }

    /**
     * 执行Shell命令
     * 
     * @param commands
     *            要执行的命令数组
     */
    public void execShell(String[] commands) {
        // 获取Runtime对象
        Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();

        DataOutputStream os = null;
        try {
            // 获取root权限，这里大量申请root权限会导致应用卡死，可以把Runtime和Process放在Application中初始化
            Process process = runtime.exec("su");
            os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream());
            for (String command : commands) {
                if (command == null) {
                    continue;
                }

                // donnot use os.writeBytes(commmand), avoid chinese charset
                // error
                os.write(command.getBytes());
                os.writeBytes("
");
                os.flush();
            }
            os.writeBytes("exit
");
            os.flush();
            process.waitFor();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 把中文转成Unicode码
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    public String chineseToUnicode(String str){
        String result="";
        for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++){
            int chr1 = (char) str.charAt(i);
            if(chr1>=19968&&chr1<=171941){//汉字范围 u4e00-u9fa5 (中文)
                result+="\u" + Integer.toHexString(chr1);
            }else{
                result+=str.charAt(i);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否为中文字符
     * @param c
     * @return
     */
    public  boolean isChinese(char c) {
        Character.UnicodeBlock ub = Character.UnicodeBlock.of(c);
        if (ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.CJK_UNIFIED_IDEOGRAPHS
                || ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.CJK_COMPATIBILITY_IDEOGRAPHS
                || ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.CJK_UNIFIED_IDEOGRAPHS_EXTENSION_A
                || ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.GENERAL_PUNCTUATION
                || ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.CJK_SYMBOLS_AND_PUNCTUATION
                || ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.HALFWIDTH_AND_FULLWIDTH_FORMS) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }


}

效果图:

　　模拟用户打开微信，并进行搜索就这么完成了。其实这里用shell命令模拟用户操作还是有些问题的，比如说控件长按(sendevent)，好难理解，而且需要跟其中传递的控件坐标参数应该要跟屏幕分辨率联系起来，实际应用范围不是很广泛。PS:那种大量需要重复操作的除外，如:自动化测试，游戏刷图(PS:腾讯的仙剑手游把我大仙剑毁了啊，麻花腾你妹啊,你全家都是麻花腾)。

　　最后，其实可以参考下按键精灵，这款应用做的还不错，除了不给root权限就崩外....

补充:以上模拟用户操作的代码在交互不频繁的情况下是完全没有问题的，但是如果使用频繁的话，会发生多次申请root权限，导致系统卡死的现象，后面在google上找到了一个开源项目，可以解决这个问题(它使用的是单例模式)，代码如下:

/**
 * 类名 RootContext.java 说明 获取root权限 创建日期 2012-8-21 作者 LiWenLong Email
 * lendylongli@gmail.com 更新时间 $Date$ 最后更新者 $Author$
 */
public class RootContext {
    private static RootContext instance = null;
    private static Object mLock = new Object();
    String mShell;
    OutputStream o;
    Process p;

    private RootContext(String cmd) throws Exception {
        this.mShell = cmd;
        init();
    }

    public static RootContext getInstance() {
        if (instance != null) {
            return instance;
        }
        synchronized (mLock) {
            try {
                instance = new RootContext("su");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                while (true)
                    try {
                        instance = new RootContext("/system/xbin/su");
                    } catch (Exception e2) {
                        try {
                            instance = new RootContext("/system/bin/su");
                        } catch (Exception e3) {
                            e3.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
            }
            return instance;
        }
    }

    private void init() throws Exception {
        if ((this.p != null) && (this.o != null)) {
            this.o.flush();
            this.o.close();
            this.p.destroy();
        }
        this.p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(this.mShell);
        this.o = this.p.getOutputStream();
        system("LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/vendor/lib:/system/lib ");
    }

    private void system(String cmd) {
        try {
            this.o.write((cmd + "
").getBytes("ASCII"));
            return;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            while (true)
                try {
                    init();
                } catch (Exception e1) {
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }
        }
    }

    public void runCommand(String cmd) {
        system(cmd);
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否已经root了
     * */
    public static boolean hasRootAccess(Context ctx) {
        final StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
        try {
            if (runCommandAsRoot(ctx, "exit 0", res) == 0)
                return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 以root的权限运行命令
     * */
    public static int runCommandAsRoot(Context ctx, String script,
            StringBuilder res) {
        final File file = new File(ctx.getCacheDir(), "secopt.sh");
        final ScriptRunner runner = new ScriptRunner(file, script, res);
        runner.start();
        try {
            runner.join(40000);
            if (runner.isAlive()) {
                runner.interrupt();
                runner.join(150);
                runner.destroy();
                runner.join(50);
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
        }
        return runner.exitcode;
    }

    private static final class ScriptRunner extends Thread {
        private final File file;
        private final String script;
        private final StringBuilder res;
        public int exitcode = -1;
        private Process exec;

        public ScriptRunner(File file, String script, StringBuilder res) {
            this.file = file;
            this.script = script;
            this.res = res;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                file.createNewFile();
                final String abspath = file.getAbsolutePath();
                Runtime.getRuntime().exec("chmod 777 " + abspath).waitFor();
                final OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(
                        new FileOutputStream(file));
                if (new File("/system/bin/sh").exists()) {
                    out.write("#!/system/bin/sh
");
                }
                out.write(script);
                if (!script.endsWith("
"))
                    out.write("
");
                out.write("exit
");
                out.flush();
                out.close();

                exec = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su");
                DataOutputStream os = new DataOutputStream(
                        exec.getOutputStream());
                os.writeBytes(abspath);
                os.flush();
                os.close();

                InputStreamReader r = new InputStreamReader(
                        exec.getInputStream());
                final char buf[] = new char[1024];
                int read = 0;
                while ((read = r.read(buf)) != -1) {
                    if (res != null)
                        res.append(buf, 0, read);
                }

                r = new InputStreamReader(exec.getErrorStream());
                read = 0;
                while ((read = r.read(buf)) != -1) {
                    if (res != null)
                        res.append(buf, 0, read);
                }

                if (exec != null)
                    this.exitcode = exec.waitFor();
            } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                if (res != null)
                    res.append("
Operation timed-out");
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                if (res != null)
                    res.append("
" + ex);
            } finally {
                destroy();
            }
        }

        public synchronized void destroy() {
            if (exec != null)
                exec.destroy();
            exec = null;
        }
    }
}

作者:登天路

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