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  • 设计模式-组合模式

    组合模式(Composite Pattern)也叫合成模式,有时又叫做部分-整体模式(Part-Whole),
    主要是用来描述部分与整体的关系:

    定义:

    Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies.Composite lets clients treat individual objects and compositions of objects uniformly.(将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分-整体”的层次结构,使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。)
    举个最常见的例子,公司组织架构就是一个典型的树状结构(网上截取图):


     
    image.png

    我们一般会这样设计组织架构,看代码实现

    首先根节点IROOT

    /**
     * 根节点
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: IRoot
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 22:37
     */
    public interface IRoot {
        //得到总经理的信息
        public String getInfo();
        //总经理下边要有小兵,那要能增加小兵,比如研发部总经理,这是个树枝节点
        public void add(IBranch branch);
        //那要能增加树叶节点
        public void add(ILeaf leaf);
        //既然能增加,那还要能够遍历,不可能总经理不知道他手下有哪些人
        public ArrayList getSubordinateInfo();
    }
    

    ROOT实现类

    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Root
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 22:40
     */
    public class Root implements IRoot {
    
        //保存根节点下的树枝节点和树叶节点,Subordinate的意思是下级
        private ArrayList subordinateList = new ArrayList();
        //根节点的名称
        private String name = "";
        //根节点的职位
        private String position = "";
        //根节点的薪水
        private int salary = 0;
        //通过构造函数传递进来总经理的信息
        public Root(String name,String position,int salary){
            this.name = name;
            this.position = position;
            this.salary = salary;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getInfo() {
            String info = "";
            info = "名称:"+ this.name;;
            info = info + "	职位:" + this.position;
            info = info + "	薪水: " + this.salary;
            return info;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void add(IBranch branch) {
            this.subordinateList.add(branch);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void add(ILeaf leaf) {
            this.subordinateList.add(leaf);
        }
    
        @Override
        public ArrayList getSubordinateInfo() {
            return this.subordinateList;
        }
    }
    

    分之节点IBranch

    /**
     * 分之节点
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: IBranch
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 22:38
     */
    public interface IBranch {
        //获得信息
        public String getInfo();
        //增加数据节点,例如研发部下设的研发一组
        public void add(IBranch branch);
        //增加叶子节点
        public void add(ILeaf leaf);
        //获得下级信息
        public ArrayList getSubordinateInfo();
    }
    

    分之节点实现Branch

    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Branch
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 22:43
     */
    public class Branch implements IBranch {
    
        //保存根节点下的树枝节点和树叶节点,Subordinate的意思是下级
        private ArrayList subordinateList = new ArrayList();
        //根节点的名称
        private String name = "";
        //根节点的职位
        private String position = "";
        //根节点的薪水
        private int salary = 0;
    
        public Branch(String name,String position,int salary){
            this.name = name;
            this.position = position;
            this.salary = salary;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getInfo() {
            String info = "";
            info = "名称:"+ this.name;;
            info = info + "	职位:" + this.position;
            info = info + "	薪水: " + this.salary;
            return info;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void add(IBranch branch) {
            this.subordinateList.add(branch);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void add(ILeaf leaf) {
            this.subordinateList.add(leaf);
        }
    
        @Override
        public ArrayList getSubordinateInfo() {
            return this.subordinateList;
        }
    }
    

    叶子节点ILeaf

    /**
     * 叶子节点
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: ILeaf
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 22:39
     */
    public interface ILeaf {
        //获得自己的信息
        public String getInfo();
    }
    

    Leaf实现类

    /**
    * @author shuliangzhao
    * @Title: Leaf
    * @ProjectName design-parent
    * @Description: TODO
    * @date 2019/6/18 22:45
    */
    public class Leaf implements ILeaf {
    
       //根节点的名称
       private String name = "";
       //根节点的职位
       private String position = "";
       //根节点的薪水
       private int salary = 0;
    
       public Leaf(String name,String position,int salary){
           this.name = name;
           this.position = position;
           this.salary = salary;
       }
    
       @Override
       public String getInfo() {
           String info = "";
           info = "名称:"+ this.name;;
           info = info + "	职位:" + this.position;
           info = info + "	薪水: " + this.salary;
           return info;
       }
    }
    

    客户端Client

    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Client
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 22:49
     */
    public class Client {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //首先产生了一个根节点
            IRoot ceo = new Root("Jon","总经理",100000);
            //产生三个部门经理,也就是树枝节点
            IBranch developDep = new Branch("张三","研发部门经理",10000);
            IBranch salesDep = new Branch("李四","销售部门经理",20000);
            IBranch financeDep = new Branch("王五","财务部经理",30000);
            //再把三个小组长产生出来
            IBranch firstDevGroup = new Branch("赵六","开发一组组长",5000);
            IBranch secondDevGroup = new Branch("张飞","开发二组组长",6000);
            //剩下的就是我们这些小兵了,就是路人甲、路人乙
            ILeaf a = new Leaf("a","开发人员",2000);
            ILeaf b = new Leaf("b","开发人员",2000);
            ILeaf c = new Leaf("c","开发人员",2000);
            ILeaf d = new Leaf("d","开发人员",2000);
            ILeaf e = new Leaf("e","开发人员",2000);
            ILeaf f = new Leaf("f","开发人员",2000);
            ILeaf g = new Leaf("g","开发人员",2000);
            ILeaf h = new Leaf("h","销售人员",5000);
            ILeaf i = new Leaf("i","销售人员",4000);
            ILeaf j = new Leaf("j","财务人员",5000);
            ILeaf k = new Leaf("k","CEO秘书",8000);
            ILeaf zhengLaoLiu = new Leaf("唐三","研发部副总",20000);
            //ceo下属员工
            ceo.add(developDep);
            ceo.add(salesDep);
            ceo.add(financeDep);
            ceo.add(k);
            //定义研发部门下的结构
            developDep.add(firstDevGroup);
            developDep.add(secondDevGroup);
            //研发部经理下还有一个副总
            developDep.add(zhengLaoLiu);
            //看看开发两个开发小组下有什么
            firstDevGroup.add(a);
            firstDevGroup.add(b);
            firstDevGroup.add(c);
            secondDevGroup.add(d);
            secondDevGroup.add(e);
            secondDevGroup.add(f);
            //再看销售部下的人员情况
            salesDep.add(h);
            salesDep.add(i);
            //最后一个财务
            financeDep.add(j);
            System.out.println(ceo.getInfo());
            getAllsubordinateList(ceo.getSubordinateInfo());
        }
    
        private static void getAllsubordinateList(ArrayList subordinateInfo) {
            for (int i = 0;i<subordinateInfo.size();i++) {
                Object o = subordinateInfo.get(i);
                if (o instanceof Leaf) {
                    Leaf leaf = (Leaf) o;
                    System.out.println(leaf.getInfo());
                }else {
                    IBranch iBranch = (IBranch) o;
                    System.out.println(iBranch.getInfo());
                    getAllsubordinateList(iBranch.getSubordinateInfo());
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

    运行结果

    名称:Jon  职位:总经理  薪水: 100000
    名称:张三   职位:研发部门经理   薪水: 10000
    名称:赵六   职位:开发一组组长   薪水: 5000
    名称:a    职位:开发人员 薪水: 2000
    名称:b    职位:开发人员 薪水: 2000
    名称:c    职位:开发人员 薪水: 2000
    名称:张飞   职位:开发二组组长   薪水: 6000
    名称:d    职位:开发人员 薪水: 2000
    名称:e    职位:开发人员 薪水: 2000
    名称:f    职位:开发人员 薪水: 2000
    名称:唐三   职位:研发部副总    薪水: 20000
    名称:李四   职位:销售部门经理   薪水: 20000
    名称:h    职位:销售人员 薪水: 5000
    名称:i    职位:销售人员 薪水: 4000
    名称:王五   职位:财务部经理    薪水: 30000
    名称:j    职位:财务人员 薪水: 5000
    名称:k    职位:CEO秘书    薪水: 8000
    

    我们这样设计看起来代码比较臃肿,而且有很多重复代码。
    现在看我们更改过的设计如下:
    Corp 抽象类

    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Corp
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 23:23
     */
    public abstract class Corp {
    
        //公司每个人都有名称
        private String name = "";
        //公司每个人都职位
        private String position = "";
        //公司每个人都有薪水
        private int salary =0;
        public Corp(String _name,String _position,int _salary){
            this.name = _name;
            this.position = _position;
            this.salary = _salary;
        }
        //获得员工信息
        public String getInfo(){
            String info = "";
            info = "姓名:" + this.name;
            info = info + "	职位:"+ this.position;
            info = info + "	薪水:" + this.salary;
            return info;
        }
    
    }
    

    Branch

    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Branch
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 23:26
     */
    public class Branch extends Corp {
    
        //领导下边有哪些下级领导和小兵
        ArrayList<Corp> subordinateList = new ArrayList<Corp>();
    
        public Branch(String _name, String _position, int _salary) {
            super(_name, _position, _salary);
        }
        //增加一个下属,可能是小头目,也可能是个小兵
        public void addSubordinate(Corp corp) {
            this.subordinateList.add(corp);
        }
        //我有哪些下属
        public ArrayList<Corp> getSubordinate() {
            return this.subordinateList;
        }
    }
    

    Leaf

    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Leaf
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 23:27
     */
    public class Leaf extends Corp {
        public Leaf(String _name, String _position, int _salary) {
            super(_name, _position, _salary);
        }
    }
    

    客户端

    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Client
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 23:27
     */
    public class Client {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //首先产生了一个根节点
            Branch ceo = new Branch("Jon","总经理",100000);
            //产生三个部门经理,也就是树枝节点
            Branch developDep = new Branch("张三","研发部门经理",10000);
            Branch salesDep = new Branch("李四","销售部门经理",20000);
            Branch financeDep = new Branch("王五","财务部经理",30000);
            //再把三个小组长产生出来
            Branch firstDevGroup = new Branch("赵六","开发一组组长",5000);
            Branch secondDevGroup = new Branch("张飞","开发二组组长",6000);
            //剩下的就是我们这些小兵了,就是路人甲、路人乙
            Leaf a = new Leaf("a","开发人员",2000);
            Leaf b = new Leaf("b","开发人员",2000);
            Leaf c = new Leaf("c","开发人员",2000);
            Leaf d = new Leaf("d","开发人员",2000);
            Leaf e = new Leaf("e","开发人员",2000);
            Leaf f = new Leaf("f","开发人员",2000);
            Leaf g = new Leaf("g","开发人员",2000);
            Leaf h = new Leaf("h","销售人员",5000);
            Leaf i = new Leaf("i","销售人员",4000);
            Leaf j = new Leaf("j","财务人员",5000);
            Leaf k = new Leaf("k","CEO秘书",8000);
            Leaf zhengLaoLiu = new Leaf("唐三","研发部副总",20000);
            //ceo下属员工
            ceo.addSubordinate(developDep);
            ceo.addSubordinate(salesDep);
            ceo.addSubordinate(financeDep);
            ceo.addSubordinate(k);
            //定义研发部门下的结构
            developDep.addSubordinate(firstDevGroup);
            developDep.addSubordinate(secondDevGroup);
            //研发部经理下还有一个副总
            developDep.addSubordinate(zhengLaoLiu);
            //看看开发两个开发小组下有什么
            firstDevGroup.addSubordinate(a);
            firstDevGroup.addSubordinate(b);
            firstDevGroup.addSubordinate(c);
            secondDevGroup.addSubordinate(d);
            secondDevGroup.addSubordinate(e);
            secondDevGroup.addSubordinate(f);
            //再看销售部下的人员情况
            salesDep.addSubordinate(h);
            salesDep.addSubordinate(i);
            //最后一个财务
            financeDep.addSubordinate(j);
            System.out.println(ceo.getInfo());
            System.out.println(getTreeInfo(ceo));
        }
    
        private static String  getTreeInfo(Branch ceo) {
            ArrayList<Corp> subordinate = ceo.getSubordinate();
            String info = "";
            for (Corp s:subordinate) {
                if (s instanceof Leaf) {
                    info = info+s.getInfo()+"
    ";
                }else {
                    info = info+s.getInfo()+"
    " + getTreeInfo((Branch)s);
                }
            }
            return info;
        }
    
    
    }
    

    运行结果

    姓名:Jon  职位:总经理  薪水:100000
    姓名:张三   职位:研发部门经理   薪水:10000
    姓名:赵六   职位:开发一组组长   薪水:5000
    姓名:a    职位:开发人员 薪水:2000
    姓名:b    职位:开发人员 薪水:2000
    姓名:c    职位:开发人员 薪水:2000
    姓名:张飞   职位:开发二组组长   薪水:6000
    姓名:d    职位:开发人员 薪水:2000
    姓名:e    职位:开发人员 薪水:2000
    姓名:f    职位:开发人员 薪水:2000
    姓名:唐三   职位:研发部副总    薪水:20000
    姓名:李四   职位:销售部门经理   薪水:20000
    姓名:h    职位:销售人员 薪水:5000
    姓名:i    职位:销售人员 薪水:4000
    姓名:王五   职位:财务部经理    薪水:30000
    姓名:j    职位:财务人员 薪水:5000
    姓名:k    职位:CEO秘书    薪水:8000
    
    组合模式的优点

    1.高层模块调用简单
    2.节点自由增加

    题外话,如果我们想找到每个节点的父节点我们的Corp类可以从新设计
    增加一个熟悉parent
    升级版Crop

    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Corp
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 23:23
     */
    public abstract class Corp {
    
        //公司每个人都有名称
        private String name = "";
        //公司每个人都职位
        private String position = "";
        //公司每个人都有薪水
        private int salary =0;
    
        private Corp parent;
    
        public Corp getParent() {
            return parent;
        }
    
        public void setParent(Corp parent) {
            this.parent = parent;
        }
    
        public Corp(String _name, String _position, int _salary){
            this.name = _name;
            this.position = _position;
            this.salary = _salary;
        }
        //获得员工信息
        public String getInfo(){
            String info = "";
            info = "姓名:" + this.name;
            info = info + "	职位:"+ this.position;
            info = info + "	薪水:" + this.salary;
            return info;
        }
    
    }
    

    子节点实现

    
    /**
     * @author shuliangzhao
     * @Title: Branch
     * @ProjectName design-parent
     * @Description: TODO
     * @date 2019/6/18 23:26
     */
    public class Branch extends Corp {
    
        //领导下边有哪些下级领导和小兵
        ArrayList<Corp> subordinateList = new ArrayList<Corp>();
    
        public Branch(String _name, String _position, int _salary) {
            super(_name, _position, _salary);
        }
        //增加一个下属,可能是小头目,也可能是个小兵
        public void addSubordinate(Corp corp) {
            super.setParent(this);
            this.subordinateList.add(corp);
        }
        //我有哪些下属
        public ArrayList<Corp> getSubordinate() {
            return this.subordinateList;
        }
    }
    

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/treeshu/p/11055143.html
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