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  • C++快读

    // cin,cout加速(不能和scanf混用,换行要用endl)
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(NULL); cout.tie(NULL);
    
    namespace Fast_IO{ 
        const int MAXL((1 << 18) + 1);int iof, iotp;
        char ioif[MAXL], *ioiS, *ioiT, ioof[MAXL],*iooS=ioof,*iooT=ioof+MAXL-1,ioc,iost[55];
        char Getchar(){
            if (ioiS == ioiT){
                ioiS=ioif;ioiT=ioiS+fread(ioif,1,MAXL,stdin);return (ioiS == ioiT ? EOF : *ioiS++);
            }else return (*ioiS++);
        }
        void Write(){fwrite(ioof,1,iooS-ioof,stdout);iooS=ioof;}
        void Putchar(char x){*iooS++ = x;if (iooS == iooT)Write();}
        inline int read(){
            int x=0;for(iof=1,ioc=Getchar();(ioc<'0'||ioc>'9')&&ioc!=EOF;)iof=ioc=='-'?-1:1,ioc=Getchar();
            if(ioc==EOF)Write(),exit(0);
            for(x=0;ioc<='9'&&ioc>='0';ioc=Getchar())x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(ioc^48);return x*iof;
        }
        inline long long read_ll(){
            long long x=0;for(iof=1,ioc=Getchar();(ioc<'0'||ioc>'9')&&ioc!=EOF;)iof=ioc=='-'?-1:1,ioc=Getchar();
            if(ioc==EOF)Write(),exit(0);
            for(x=0;ioc<='9'&&ioc>='0';ioc=Getchar())x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(ioc^48);return x*iof;
        }
        void Getstr(char *s, int &l){
            for(ioc=Getchar();ioc==' '||ioc=='
    '||ioc=='	';)ioc=Getchar();
            if(ioc==EOF)Write(),exit(0);
            for(l=0;!(ioc==' '||ioc=='
    '||ioc=='	'||ioc==EOF);ioc=Getchar())s[l++]=ioc;s[l] = 0;
        }
        template <class Int>void Print(Int x, char ch = ''){
            if(!x)Putchar('0');if(x<0)Putchar('-'),x=-x;while(x)iost[++iotp]=x%10+'0',x/=10;
            while(iotp)Putchar(iost[iotp--]);if (ch)Putchar(ch);
        }
        void Putstr(const char *s){for(int i=0,n=strlen(s);i<n;++i)Putchar(s[i]);}
    } // namespace Fast_IO
    using namespace Fast_IO;
    
    /*
    fread这个函数的原理就是先把数据流中的一整段都存下来,然后从这个数组里读取,直到数组读空了再重新从数据流中读取,由于是整段整段读取,所以自然比getchar()要快的多。
    一旦用了这个读入优化。getchar,scanf都不能用了(存到buf里了),所有读入都必须自己写了。所以说数据流不是太大的时候(如1*10^6),可以考虑不用这个读入优化。
    */
    inline char nc() {
        static char buf[100000], *p1 = buf, *p2 = buf;
        if (p1 == p2) {
            p2 = (p1 = buf) + fread(buf, 1, 100000, stdin);
            if (p1 == p2)
                return EOF;
        }
        return *p1++;
    }
    inline void read(int &x) {
        char c = nc(), b = 1;
        for (; !(c >= '0' && c <= '9'); c = nc())
            if (c == '-')
                b = -1;
        for (x = 0; c >= '0' && c <= '9'; x = x * 10 + c - '0', c = nc())
            ;
        x *= b;
    }
    
    /*
    普通快读,比前两种慢很多
    */
    inline int read() {
        int x = 0, f = 1;
        char ch = getchar();
        while (ch < '0' || ch > '9') {
            if (ch == '-')
                f = -1;
            ch = getchar();
        }
        while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
            x = x * 10 + ch - '0';
            ch = getchar();
        }
        return x * f;
    }
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ucprer/p/13955479.html
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