最近在研究hibernate，想建立一个简单的Hibernate+maven+mysql工程，网上找了一大堆的示例，要么看不懂结构，要么就是缺少必要文件。总之都没有成功，结果无意在一个外文网上找了一个实例，惊叹于人家的排版。也不得不感叹的说下浩瀚的百度里，想找到自己想要的东西是多么难啊！
以下借鉴人家文章和内容并做部分补充，以供初学者一起分享：
（准备工作myeclipse的安装+maven的下载+mysql的配置略过）
1.mysql中建一个mkyong的数据库，其下面新建一个stock的空表格。
//启动mysql服务器
sudo service mysql start
//进入mysql
mysql -uroot -p
输入mysql密码
//创建数据库mkyong
>create database mkyong;
//使用数据库mkyong
>use mkyong;
//在数据库mkyong中创建表stock。请直接copy。
>create table stock (
`STOCK_ID` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`STOCK_CODE` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
`STOCK_NAME` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`STOCK_ID`) USING BTREE,
UNIQUE KEY `UNI_STOCK_NAME` (`STOCK_NAME`),
UNIQUE KEY `UNI_STOCK_ID` (`STOCK_CODE`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
2.在myeclipse中创建一个maven工程，自己取一个名字。
New --> Project --> Maven Project --> Next --> 在(New Maven Project )中选择创建一个webapp项目
3.创建源文件（Source Folder）
在 “src/main”目录下创建 “/src/main/resources” , 之后所有的Hibernate’s xml配置文件都将放置在该文件下。
在“src/main”目录下创建“/src/main/java”文件，其中放置java源代码文件。
4.现在该工程的结构看起来如下：
5.添加Hibernate和Mysql依赖
修改项目的pom.xml配置文件，它将支持Hibernate和mysql的连接，Hibernate项目需要dom4j, commons-logging, commons-collections和 cglib文件，mysql需要连接jdbc的文件。将原来的内容更换为如下代码。
文件：pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com</groupId>
<artifactId>Hibernate</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Hibernate Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL database driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate library dependecy start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>dom4j</groupId>
<artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate</artifactId>
<version>3.2.6.ga</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate library dependecy end -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
<artifactId>jta</artifactId>
<version>1.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Hibernate</finalName>
</build>
</project>
6.创建Hibernate类表映射文件
新建一个Stock.hbm.xml映射文件，路径为：“src/main/resources/com/mkyong/common/Stock.hbm.xml“
文件：Stock.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.mkyong.common.Stock" table="stock" catalog="mkyong">
<id name="stockId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="STOCK_ID" />
<generator class="identity" />
</id>
<property name="stockCode" type="string">
<column name="STOCK_CODE" length="10" not-null="true" unique="true" />
</property>
<property name="stockName" type="string">
<column name="STOCK_NAME" length="20" not-null="true" unique="true" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
7.创建一个Stock的POJO java文件，路径为：“src/main/java/com/mkyong/common/Stock.java”
文件：Stock.java
package com.mkyong.common;
/**
* Model class for Stock
*/
public class Stock implements java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Stock stock;
private Integer stockId;
private String stockCode;
private String stockName;
public Stock() {
}
public Stock(String stockCode, String stockName) {
this.stockCode = stockCode;
this.stockName = stockName;
}
public Integer getStockId() {
return this.stockId;
}
public void setStockId(Integer stockId) {
this.stockId = stockId;
}
public String getStockCode() {
return this.stockCode;
}
public void setStockCode(String stockCode) {
this.stockCode = stockCode;
}
public String getStockName() {
return this.stockName;
}
public void setStockName(String stockName) {
this.stockName = stockName;
}
public Stock getOper() {
return stock;
}
public void setOper(Stock stock) {
this.stock = stock;
}
}
8.创建Hibernate配置文件
创建一个Hibernate配置文件，路径为：“src/main/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml“。（注意修改其中的“数据库密码”，mkyong即为数据库的名称）
文件：hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer">false</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">数据库的密码</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mkyong</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="person">true</property>
<mapping resource="com/mkyong/common/Stock.hbm.xml"></mapping>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
9.创建Hibernate会话文件
创建一个java类型的Hibernate会话文件，路径为：“src/main/java/com/mkyong/persistence/HibernateUtil.java”。
文件：HibernateUtil.java
package com.mkyong.persistence;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory();
private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {
try {
// Create the SessionFactory from hibernate.cfg.xml
return new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
// Make sure you log the exception, as it might be swallowed
System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
}
}
public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
return sessionFactory;
}
public static void shutdown() {
// Close caches and connection pools
getSessionFactory().close();
}
}
10.创建测试文件
创建一个名为App.java的测试文件，路径为：“src/main/java/com/mkyong/common/App.java”.
文件：App.java
package com.mkyong.common;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import com.mkyong.persistence.HibernateUtil;
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
System.out.println("Maven + Hibernate + MySQL");
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Stock stock = new Stock();
stock.setStockCode("4715");
stock.setStockName("GENM");
session.save(stock);
session.getTransaction().commit();
}
}
11.再来看看工程的结构
创建和修改的六个文件结构如下：
12.运行结果
运行App.java这个程序，它将会插入一条数据到mysql数据库中去。我们可以在myeclipse中看到该结果，也可以去mysql数据库中查看是否已经插入成功。以下是运行结果：
Picked up _JAVA_OPTIONS: -Dawt.useSystemAAFontSettings=gasp
Maven + Hibernate + MySQL
.......
五月 24, 2016 5:31:56 上午 org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl <init>
信息: building session factory
五月 24, 2016 5:31:56 上午 org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory addInstance
信息: Hibernate: insert into mkyong.stock (STOCK_CODE, STOCK_NAME) values (?, ?)