SpringBoot自动配置原理

1）、SpringBoot启动的时候加载主配置类，开启了自动配置功能 @EnableAutoConfiguration

2）、@EnableAutoConfiguration 作用：

SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()
扫描所有jar包类路径下 META‐INF/spring.factories
把扫描到的这些文件的内容包装成properties对象
从properties中获取到EnableAutoConfiguration.class类（类名）对应的值，然后把他们添加在容器中

 将 类路径下 META-INF/spring.factories 里面配置的所有EnableAutoConfiguration的值加入到了容器中；

E:DevelopToolsapache-maven-3.6.0
epsitoryorgmybatisspringootmybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure2.0.1mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.1.jar!META-INFspring.factories

# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=
org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.MybatisAutoConfiguration

每一个这样的 xxxAutoConfiguration类都是容器中的一个组件，都加入到容器中；用他们来做自动配置；

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.DatabaseIdProvider;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Interceptor;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ExecutorType;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.ClassPathMapperScanner;
import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationPackages;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureAfter;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnSingleCandidate;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.ResourceLoaderAware;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.core.io.ResourceLoader;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({SqlSessionFactory.class, SqlSessionFactoryBean.class})
@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate(DataSource.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties({MybatisProperties.class})
@AutoConfigureAfter({DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
public class MybatisAutoConfiguration implements InitializingBean {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MybatisAutoConfiguration.class);
    private final MybatisProperties properties;
    private final Interceptor[] interceptors;
    private final ResourceLoader resourceLoader;
    private final DatabaseIdProvider databaseIdProvider;
    private final List<ConfigurationCustomizer> configurationCustomizers;

    public MybatisAutoConfiguration(MybatisProperties properties, ObjectProvider<Interceptor[]> interceptorsProvider, ResourceLoader resourceLoader, ObjectProvider<DatabaseIdProvider> databaseIdProvider, ObjectProvider<List<ConfigurationCustomizer>> configurationCustomizersProvider) {
        this.properties = properties;
        this.interceptors = (Interceptor[])interceptorsProvider.getIfAvailable();
        this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
        this.databaseIdProvider = (DatabaseIdProvider)databaseIdProvider.getIfAvailable();
        this.configurationCustomizers = (List)configurationCustomizersProvider.getIfAvailable();
    }

    public void afterPropertiesSet() {
        this.checkConfigFileExists();
    }

    private void checkConfigFileExists() {
        if (this.properties.isCheckConfigLocation() && StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getConfigLocation())) {
            Resource resource = this.resourceLoader.getResource(this.properties.getConfigLocation());
            Assert.state(resource.exists(), "Cannot find config location: " + resource + " (please add config file or check your Mybatis configuration)");
        }

    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        factory.setDataSource(dataSource);
        factory.setVfs(SpringBootVFS.class);
        if (StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getConfigLocation())) {
            factory.setConfigLocation(this.resourceLoader.getResource(this.properties.getConfigLocation()));
        }

        this.applyConfiguration(factory);
        if (this.properties.getConfigurationProperties() != null) {
            factory.setConfigurationProperties(this.properties.getConfigurationProperties());
        }

        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(this.interceptors)) {
            factory.setPlugins(this.interceptors);
        }

        if (this.databaseIdProvider != null) {
            factory.setDatabaseIdProvider(this.databaseIdProvider);
        }

        if (StringUtils.hasLength(this.properties.getTypeAliasesPackage())) {
            factory.setTypeAliasesPackage(this.properties.getTypeAliasesPackage());
        }

        if (this.properties.getTypeAliasesSuperType() != null) {
            factory.setTypeAliasesSuperType(this.properties.getTypeAliasesSuperType());
        }

        if (StringUtils.hasLength(this.properties.getTypeHandlersPackage())) {
            factory.setTypeHandlersPackage(this.properties.getTypeHandlersPackage());
        }

        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(this.properties.resolveMapperLocations())) {
            factory.setMapperLocations(this.properties.resolveMapperLocations());
        }

        return factory.getObject();
    }

    private void applyConfiguration(SqlSessionFactoryBean factory) {
        org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration configuration = this.properties.getConfiguration();
        if (configuration == null && !StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getConfigLocation())) {
            configuration = new org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration();
        }

        if (configuration != null && !CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.configurationCustomizers)) {
            Iterator var3 = this.configurationCustomizers.iterator();

            while(var3.hasNext()) {
                ConfigurationCustomizer customizer = (ConfigurationCustomizer)var3.next();
                customizer.customize(configuration);
            }
        }

        factory.setConfiguration(configuration);
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
        ExecutorType executorType = this.properties.getExecutorType();
        return executorType != null ? new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory, executorType) : new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }

    @Configuration
    @Import({MybatisAutoConfiguration.AutoConfiguredMapperScannerRegistrar.class})
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean({MapperFactoryBean.class})
    public static class MapperScannerRegistrarNotFoundConfiguration implements InitializingBean {
        public MapperScannerRegistrarNotFoundConfiguration() {
        }

        public void afterPropertiesSet() {
            MybatisAutoConfiguration.logger.debug("No {} found.", MapperFactoryBean.class.getName());
        }
    }

    public static class AutoConfiguredMapperScannerRegistrar implements BeanFactoryAware, ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, ResourceLoaderAware {
        private BeanFactory beanFactory;
        private ResourceLoader resourceLoader;

        public AutoConfiguredMapperScannerRegistrar() {
        }

        public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
            if (!AutoConfigurationPackages.has(this.beanFactory)) {
                MybatisAutoConfiguration.logger.debug("Could not determine auto-configuration package, automatic mapper scanning disabled.");
            } else {
                MybatisAutoConfiguration.logger.debug("Searching for mappers annotated with @Mapper");
                List<String> packages = AutoConfigurationPackages.get(this.beanFactory);
                if (MybatisAutoConfiguration.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    packages.forEach((pkg) -> {
                        MybatisAutoConfiguration.logger.debug("Using auto-configuration base package '{}'", pkg);
                    });
                }

                ClassPathMapperScanner scanner = new ClassPathMapperScanner(registry);
                if (this.resourceLoader != null) {
                    scanner.setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader);
                }

                scanner.setAnnotationClass(Mapper.class);
                scanner.registerFilters();
                scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(packages));
            }
        }

        public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) {
            this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
        }

        public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
            this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
        }
    }
}

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.function.IntFunction;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ExecutorType;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.NestedConfigurationProperty;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.ResourcePatternResolver;

@ConfigurationProperties(
    prefix = "mybatis"
)
public class MybatisProperties {
    public static final String MYBATIS_PREFIX = "mybatis";
    private static final ResourcePatternResolver resourceResolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
    private String configLocation;
    private String[] mapperLocations;
    private String typeAliasesPackage;
    private Class<?> typeAliasesSuperType;
    private String typeHandlersPackage;
    private boolean checkConfigLocation = false;
    private ExecutorType executorType;
    private Properties configurationProperties;
    @NestedConfigurationProperty
    private Configuration configuration;

    public MybatisProperties() {
    }

    public String getConfigLocation() {
        return this.configLocation;
    }

    public void setConfigLocation(String configLocation) {
        this.configLocation = configLocation;
    }

    public String[] getMapperLocations() {
        return this.mapperLocations;
    }

    public void setMapperLocations(String[] mapperLocations) {
        this.mapperLocations = mapperLocations;
    }

    public String getTypeHandlersPackage() {
        return this.typeHandlersPackage;
    }

    public void setTypeHandlersPackage(String typeHandlersPackage) {
        this.typeHandlersPackage = typeHandlersPackage;
    }

    public String getTypeAliasesPackage() {
        return this.typeAliasesPackage;
    }

    public void setTypeAliasesPackage(String typeAliasesPackage) {
        this.typeAliasesPackage = typeAliasesPackage;
    }

    public Class<?> getTypeAliasesSuperType() {
        return this.typeAliasesSuperType;
    }

    public void setTypeAliasesSuperType(Class<?> typeAliasesSuperType) {
        this.typeAliasesSuperType = typeAliasesSuperType;
    }

    public boolean isCheckConfigLocation() {
        return this.checkConfigLocation;
    }

    public void setCheckConfigLocation(boolean checkConfigLocation) {
        this.checkConfigLocation = checkConfigLocation;
    }

    public ExecutorType getExecutorType() {
        return this.executorType;
    }

    public void setExecutorType(ExecutorType executorType) {
        this.executorType = executorType;
    }

    public Properties getConfigurationProperties() {
        return this.configurationProperties;
    }

    public void setConfigurationProperties(Properties configurationProperties) {
        this.configurationProperties = configurationProperties;
    }

    public Configuration getConfiguration() {
        return this.configuration;
    }

    public void setConfiguration(Configuration configuration) {
        this.configuration = configuration;
    }

    public Resource[] resolveMapperLocations() {
        return (Resource[])Stream.of((Object[])Optional.ofNullable(this.mapperLocations).orElse(new String[0])).flatMap((location) -> {
            return Stream.of(this.getResources(location));
        }).toArray((x$0) -> {
            return new Resource[x$0];
        });
    }

    private Resource[] getResources(String location) {
        try {
            return resourceResolver.getResources(location);
        } catch (IOException var3) {
            return new Resource[0];
        }
    }
}

3）、每一个自动配置类进行自动配置功能；

4）、以HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration（Http编码自动配置）为例解释自动配置原理；

@Configuration //表示这是一个配置类，以前编写的配置文件一样，也可以给容器中添加组件
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HttpEncodingProperties.class) //启动指定类的
ConfigurationProperties功能；将配置文件中对应的值和HttpEncodingProperties绑定起来；并把
HttpEncodingProperties加入到ioc容器中
@ConditionalOnWebApplication //Spring底层@Conditional注解（Spring注解版），根据不同的条件，如果
满足指定的条件，整个配置类里面的配置就会生效； 判断当前应用是否是web应用，如果是，当前配置类生效
@ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) //判断当前项目有没有这个类
CharacterEncodingFilter；SpringMVC中进行乱码解决的过滤器；
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.http.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing =
true) //判断配置文件中是否存在某个配置 spring.http.encoding.enabled；如果不存在，判断也是成立的
//即使我们配置文件中不配置pring.http.encoding.enabled=true，也是默认生效的；
public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {
//他已经和SpringBoot的配置文件映射了
private final HttpEncodingProperties properties;
//只有一个有参构造器的情况下，参数的值就会从容器中拿
public HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(HttpEncodingProperties properties) {
this.properties = properties;
}
@Bean //给容器中添加一个组件，这个组件的某些值需要从properties中获取
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) //判断容器没有这个组件？
public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter();
filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name());
filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.REQUEST));
filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.RESPONSE));
return filter;
}

5）、所有在配置文件中能配置的属性都是在xxxxProperties类中封装者‘；配置文件能配置什么就可以参照某个功能对应的这个属性类

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.http.encoding") //从配置文件中获取指定的值和bean的属
性进行绑定
public class HttpEncodingProperties {
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF‐8");

精髓：
1）、SpringBoot启动会加载大量的自动配置类
2）、我们看我们需要的功能有没有SpringBoot默认写好的自动配置类；
3）、我们再来看这个自动配置类中到底配置了哪些组件；（只要我们要用的组件有，我们就不需要再来配置了）
4）、给容器中自动配置类添加组件的时候，会从properties类中获取某些属性。我们就可以在配置文件中指定这
些属性的值；
xxxxAutoConfigurartion：自动配置类；
给容器中添加组件

xxxxProperties:封装配置文件中相关属性；