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  • linux网络配置命令(二)——ip

    ip命令    

        查看/设置路由、设备、路由策略和渠道信息

    格式

             ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }  

             OBJECT := { link | addr | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | tunnel | maddr | mroute |

                   monitor }    #  对象命令,类似于ip命令的子命令

          OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -r[esolve] | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx |

                   dnet | link } | -o[neline] }

    常见选项

                       -V             查看版本

                       -s              查看更详细的内容

                       -f               强制使用指定的协议族

                       -4              指定使用IPv4协议

                       -6              指定使用IPv6协议

                       -0              不换行输出信息

                       -r              使用主机的域名显示主机

    常用对象命令

                       ip link       设置、查看数据链路层信息

                       ip addr    查看设置ip信息

                       ip route   查看设置路由信息

    查看对象命令使用方法

                       ip OBJECT help

                      

    示例

      1. 查看所有网卡的信息

    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip a   #  查看所有网卡信息
    1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
        link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
        inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
        inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    ...
    4: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
        link/ether 00:0c:29:d3:79:32 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip a show eth2  # 查看网卡eth2的信息
    4: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
        link/ether 00:0c:29:d3:79:32 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

      2. 查看addr对象命令使用方法

    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip route help   #  查看route对象命令的使用方法
    Usage: ip route { list | flush } SELECTOR
           ip route get ADDRESS [ from ADDRESS iif STRING ]
                                [ oif STRING ]  [ tos TOS ]
           ip route { add | del | change | append | replace | monitor } ROUTE
    SELECTOR := [ root PREFIX ] [ match PREFIX ] [ exact PREFIX ]
                [ table TABLE_ID ] [ proto RTPROTO ]
                [ type TYPE ] [ scope SCOPE ]
    ROUTE := NODE_SPEC [ INFO_SPEC ]
    NODE_SPEC := [ TYPE ] PREFIX [ tos TOS ]
    ...

      3. 显示路由信息

    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip route
    169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0  scope link  metric 1002 
    169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1  scope link  metric 1003 
    172.16.0.0/16 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.16.253.55 
    55.0.0.0/8 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 55.0.0.55 
    default via 55.0.0.1 dev eth1 

      4. 显示下一跳或上一条的路由器的路由信息

    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip neigh list
    172.16.253.209 dev eth0 lladdr f0:76:1c:a9:8b:1b DELAY
    172.16.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr f8:32:e4:73:bf:a4 STALE
    172.16.252.15 dev eth0 lladdr 1c:cd:e5:3e:12:31 STALE
    55.0.0.1 dev eth1  FAILED

      5. 分配ip地址信息

    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip addr add 172.100.100.100/16 dev eth2      #  分配ip
    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip a show eth2                   #  查看eth2网卡信息
    4: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
        link/ether 00:0c:29:d3:79:32 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
        inet 172.100.100.100/16 scope global eth2
    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip addr del 172.100.100.100/16 dev eth2 # 删除ip配置
    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip addr flush eth2                  # 清楚eth2网卡上所有的ip配置

      6. 修改路由信息

    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip route add 15.0.0.0/8 via 172.16.0.1          # 添加路由记录
    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip route                          # 查看路由表  
    169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0  scope link  metric 1002 
    169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1  scope link  metric 1003 
    172.16.0.0/16 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.16.253.55   
    55.0.0.0/8 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 55.0.0.55        
    15.0.0.0/8 via 172.16.0.1 dev eth0                      # 刚添加进去的
    default via 55.0.0.1 dev eth1 
    [root@vathe-pc ~]#ip route del 15.0.0.0/8                  # 删除路由记录
    [root@vathe-pc ~]#route -n                          # 使用route命令查看路由记录
    Kernel IP routing table                       
    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
    169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth0
    169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1003   0        0 eth1
    172.16.0.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     0      0        0 eth0
    55.0.0.0        0.0.0.0         255.0.0.0       U     0      0        0 eth1
    0.0.0.0         55.0.0.1        0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth1
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/vathe/p/6816101.html
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