Servlet+JSP+JDBC设计实现图书系统——管理功能实现

写在前面，之前由于种种原因博客好久没有更新。最近打算重拾JavaWeb，所以从头开始，先用servlet+jdbc+bootstrap最基础的代码实现一个图书系统。考虑有管理员端+用户端，项目完成后会上传至github，后期会升级ssh/ssm等，毕竟是温故学习，一点一点来，项目会一直更新补充！

　　github地址——https://github.com/vi3nty/BookSystem

　　2018.04.16更新，管理端进一步完善，页面优化调整

　　2018.03.29更新，管理端实现了过滤功能（管理端大部分功能已经完善，只剩下JS/JQ的还没有，等用户端写完了再说）

　　2018.03.26更新，管理端添加图书编辑页面(book.jsp)，并采用了jquery的ajax技术

　　2018.03.22更新，管理端采用EL&JSTL进行了页面重构，并且添加分页功能

1.项目结构

│ .classpath
│ .gitignore
│ .project
│ LICENSE
│ README.md
│
├─.settings
│ .jsdtscope
│ org.eclipse.core.resources.prefs
│ org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
│ org.eclipse.wst.common.component
│ org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml
│ org.eclipse.wst.css.core.prefs
│ org.eclipse.wst.html.core.prefs
│ org.eclipse.wst.jsdt.ui.superType.container
│ org.eclipse.wst.jsdt.ui.superType.name
│
├─build
│ └─classes
│ ├─biz
│ │ │ AdminBiz.class
│ │ │ bookBiz.class
│ │ │
│ │ └─impl
│ │ AdminBizImpl.class
│ │ bookBizImpl.class
│ │
│ ├─dao
│ │ │ AdminDao.class
│ │ │ bookDao.class
│ │ │
│ │ └─impl
│ │ AdminDaoImpl.class
│ │ bookDaoImpl.class
│ │
│ ├─pojo
│ │ admin.class
│ │ book.class
│ │ PageBean.class
│ │
│ ├─servlet
│ │ AdminServlet.class
│ │ BookServlet.class
│ │ LogFilter.class
│ │ LoginServlet.class
│ │
│ └─utils
│ myDB.class
│
├─src
│ ├─biz
│ │ │ AdminBiz.java
│ │ │ bookBiz.java
│ │ │
│ │ └─impl
│ │ AdminBizImpl.java
│ │ bookBizImpl.java
│ │
│ ├─dao
│ │ │ AdminDao.java
│ │ │ bookDao.java
│ │ │
│ │ └─impl
│ │ AdminDaoImpl.java
│ │ bookDaoImpl.java
│ │
│ ├─pojo
│ │ admin.java
│ │ book.java
│ │ PageBean.java
│ │
│ ├─servlet
│ │ AdminServlet.java
│ │ BookServlet.java
│ │ LogFilter.java
│ │ LoginServlet.java
│ │
│ └─utils
│ myDB.java
│
└─WebContent
├─css
│ bootstrap-theme.css
│ bootstrap-theme.css.map
│ bootstrap-theme.min.css
│ bootstrap-theme.min.css.map
│ bootstrap.css
│ bootstrap.css.map
│ bootstrap.min.css
│ bootstrap.min.css.map
│
├─fonts
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff2
│
├─img
│ │ duzhe.jfif
│ │ qingnian.jfif
│ │ s28350186.jpg
│ │ s29643861.jpg
│ │ s29672551.jpg
│ │ s29686001.jpg
│ │
│ └─readme
│ admin.PNG
│
├─js
│ bootstrap.js
│ bootstrap.min.js
│ jquery-3.3.1.js
│ npm.js
│
├─META-INF
│ MANIFEST.MF
│
├─web
│ admin.jsp
│ AdminLogin.jsp
│ book.jsp
│
└─WEB-INF
│ web.xml
│
└─lib
mysql-connector-java-5.1.46-bin.jar
taglibs-standard-impl-1.2.5.jar
taglibs-standard-spec-1.2.5.jar

　　项目采取最基础的MVC分层架构，全部采用servlet+jdbc方式实现。jsp作为v层,servlet作为controller层与业务层代码关联，整个代码做到最大限度的低耦合。前端主要是jQuery和Bootstrap，毕竟我前端了解的少，仅仅会用几个API，所以整个项目前端不做过多赘述。

2.项目分层概述

　　①dao层主要是处理与数据库交互的逻辑

　　AdminDao.java

public interface AdminDao {
    public boolean adminLogin(String admin,String password);
}

　　AdminDaoImpl.java

public class AdminDaoImpl implements AdminDao{
    public boolean adminLogin(String admin, String password) {
        Connection conn=null;
        PreparedStatement st=null;
        ResultSet rs=null;
        Boolean result=false;
        try {
            //获取连接
            conn=myDB.getConnection();
            //编写SQL语句
            String adminLoginSql="select * from aduser where adname='"+admin+"' and password='"+password+"'";
            //创建语句执行者
            st=conn.prepareStatement(adminLoginSql);
            //获取结果
            rs=st.executeQuery();
            if(rs.next())
                result=true;
            else
                result=false;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            myDB.closeResource(conn, st, rs);
        }
        return result;
    }
}

　　②biz层主要是业务逻辑的实现

　　AdminBiz类似Dao层，所以就不贴代码了

　　AdminBizImpl.java

public class AdminBizImpl implements AdminBiz{
    private AdminDao adminDao;
    public boolean adminLogin(String admin, String password) {
        //实例化接口
        adminDao=new AdminDaoImpl();
        pojo.admin admin2=new pojo.admin();
        admin2.setAdmin(admin);
        admin2.setPassword(password);
        Boolean result=adminDao.adminLogin(admin2.getAdmin(), admin2.getPassword());
        return result;
    }
}

　　③utils是工具类，主要有数据库连接的类，这样每次操作数据库不用重写代码

　　

　　④pojo层是数据库表的映射实体类

　　PageBean.java类主要用于图书分页实现

　　

public class PageBean<T> {
    private int currentPage=1;//当前页，默认显示第一页
    private int pageCount=5;//每页显示的行数
    private int totalCount;//总记录数
    private int totalPage;//总页数=总记录数/每页显示的行数+1
    private List<T> pageData;
    
    //获取总页数
    public int getTotalPage() {
        if(totalCount%pageCount==0)
            totalPage=totalCount/pageCount;//被整除情况
        else {
            totalPage=totalCount/pageCount+1;
        }
        return totalPage;
    }
    public void setTotalPage(int totalPage) {
        this.totalPage=totalPage;
    }
    public int getCurrentPage() {
        return currentPage;
    }
    public void setCurrentPage(int currentPage) {
        this.currentPage = currentPage;
    }
    public int getPageCount() {
        return pageCount;
    }
    public void setPageCount(int pageCount) {
        this.pageCount = pageCount;
    }
    public int getTotalCount() {
        return totalCount;
    }
    public void setTotalCount(int totalCount) {
        this.totalCount = totalCount;
    }
    public List<T> getPageData() {
        return pageData;
    }
    public void setPageData(List<T> pageData) {
        this.pageData = pageData;
    }
}

　　⑤servlet控制层

　　AdminServlet.java类（用于图书管理端分页等功能的实现）

　　

public class AdminServlet extends HttpServlet{
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rep) throws ServletException, IOException {
        int currentPage;//获得当前页
        String current=(String) req.getParameter("page");
        if(current==null)
            currentPage=1;
        else
            currentPage=Integer.parseInt(current);
        //实例化业务层
        bookBiz bookbiz=new bookBizImpl();
        PageBean pb=new PageBean();
        pb.setTotalCount(bookbiz.getTotalCount());
        if(currentPage>0)
            pb.setCurrentPage(currentPage);
        //分页查询
        ArrayList<book> books=bookbiz.searchAllBook(pb);
        //获得总页数
        int pageCount=pb.getTotalPage();
        //将book集合和页面数跳转至admin.jsp页面
        req.setAttribute("bookslist", books);
        req.setAttribute("pagesize", pageCount);
        req.getRequestDispatcher("web/admin.jsp").forward(req, rep);
    }
}

　　BookServlet.java类（用于图书编辑修改等的实现）

　　

public class BookServlet extends HttpServlet{
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rep) throws ServletException, IOException {
        int bookid=Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("bookid"));
        bookBiz bookbiz=new bookBizImpl();
        book bk=bookbiz.getBookById(bookid);
        if(req.getParameter("method")!=null&&req.getParameter("method").equals("update")) {
            int borrow=Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("borrow"));
            String intro=req.getParameter("intro");
            if(bookbiz.editBook(bookid, intro, borrow)) {
                //req.setAttribute("bk", bk);
                //req.getRequestDispatcher("bookServlet?bookid="+bookid).forward(req, rep);
                PrintWriter out=rep.getWriter();
                out.println("success");
            }
        }
        else {
            //将获取到的book数据发送并跳转至book.jsp页面
            req.setAttribute("bk", bk);
            req.getRequestDispatcher("web/book.jsp?bookid="+bookid).forward(req, rep);
        }
    }
}

　　LogFilter.java类（用于登录过滤实现）

　

public class LogFilter implements Filter{
    private FilterConfig config;
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }
    /*
     * Filter的核心处理
     * */
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse rep, FilterChain filc)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest request=(HttpServletRequest) req;
        HttpServletResponse response=(HttpServletResponse) rep;
        HttpSession session=request.getSession();
        //如果session中有logined，则证明过滤成功
        if(session.getAttribute("logined")!=null) {
            filc.doFilter(req, rep);
        }
        else
            response.sendRedirect("web/AdminLogin.jsp");
    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
        this.config=config;
    }

}

3.数据库设计

　　aduser表

　　

4.前端JSP设计

　　①AdminLogin.jsp页面

　　

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>管理员登录页面</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script>
    
</script>
</head>
<body> 
<div class="continer">
    <div style="margin:0 auto">
        <h2 class="text-center">图书管理系统</h2>
        <form class="form-horizontal" role="form" action="/BookSystem/adminlogin" method="post">
            
            <div class="form-group">
             <label for="username" class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名：</label>
             <div class="col-sm-5">
                <input type="text" class="form-control" name="adname" id="adname" 
                    placeholder="请输入用户名">
              </div>
              </div>
              <div class="form-group">
             <label for="password" class="col-sm-2 control-label">密码：</label>
             <div class="col-sm-5">
                <input type="password" class="form-control" name="password" id="password" 
                    placeholder="请输入密码">
              </div>
              </div>
              <div class="form-group">
                  <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                      <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default" value="登录"/>
                  </div>
              </div>
       
        </form>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

　　②admin.jsp页面（管理端）

　　

<%@page import="pojo.PageBean"%>
<%@page import="pojo.book"%>
<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%>
<%@page import="biz.impl.bookBizImpl"%>
<%@page import="biz.bookBiz"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>管理页面</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap-theme.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"> 
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-12">
            <h3 class="text-center">
                图书系统管理员端
            </h3>
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-sm-2">
                    <div class="btn-group-vertical">
                        <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">书籍管理</button> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">添加书籍</button> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">用户管理</button>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="col-sm-8" id="booklist">
                <table class="table table-striped">
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>书籍封面</th>
                            <th>书籍名称</th>
                            <th>是否借出</th>
                            <th>书籍作者</th>
                            <th>分类目录</th>
                            <th>简介</th>
                            <th>操作</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <!-- 03.22采用EL&JSTL进行页面 重构 -->
                    <tbody>
                        <c:forEach items="${requestScope.bookslist}" var="book">
                            <tr>
                            <td style="12%">
                                <div class="thumbnail" >
                                    <img src="http://${book['bk_img']}">
                                  </div>
                              </td>
                              <td>
                                  <p id="bookname">${book['bk_name']}</p>
                              </td>
                              <td>
                                  <p>
                                  
                                  <c:if test="${book['bk_borrowed']}==1">
                                      <c:out value="已借出"></c:out>
                                  </c:if>
                                  <c:if test="${book['bk_borrowed']}==0">
                                      <c:out value="未借出"></c:out>
                                  </c:if>
                                  </p>
                              </td>
                              <td>
                                  <p id="bookname">${book['bk_name']}</p>
                              </td>
                              <td>
                                  <p id="bookname">${bk['bk_category']}</p>
                              </td>
                              <td>
                                  <p id="bookname">${book['bk_intro']}</p>
                              </td>
                              <td>
                                  <div class="btn-group-vertical">
                                    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">编辑</button> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">删除</button>
                                </div>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </c:forEach>
                    </tbody>
                    </table>
                <ul class="pagination">
                  <li><a href="adminServlet?page=${param.page-1}" <c:if test="${param.page==1}">class="btn disabled"</c:if>>&laquo;</a></li>
                  <c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="${pagesize}">
                      <li id="bookitem"><a href="adminServlet?page=<c:out value='${i}'/>" <c:if test="${i==param.page}">class="btn disabled"</c:if>><c:out value="${i}"/></a></li>
                  </c:forEach>
                  <li><a href="adminServlet?page=${param.page+1}" <c:if test="${param.page==pagesize}">class="btn disabled"</c:if>>&raquo;</a></li>
                </ul>
                </div>
                <div class="col-sm-2">
                    <form class="form-search">
                        <input class="form-control" type="text" /> <button type="submit" class="btn">查找</button>
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

 　　③book.jsp(图书编辑页面)

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf8"
    pageEncoding="utf8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf8">
<title>编辑图书</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap-theme.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function edbook(){
        $.ajax({
                url:"bookServlet?method=update&bookid=${bk['bk_id']}",
                type:"post",
                data:$("#edit").serialize(),
                cache:false,
                dataType: "text",
                error:function(err){
                    alert("更新失败！");
                },
                success:function(msg){
                    alert("更新成功！");
                }
        });
    }

</script>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <h3 class="text-center">
                管理员端
            </h3>
        <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
            <form  method="post" id="edit">
                <table class="table table-bordered">
                    <tr>
                        <th>书籍名称</th>
                        <td>${bk['bk_name']}</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th>是否借出</th>
                        <td>
                            <select class="selectpicker show-tick form-control" name="borrow" id="borrow" title="请选择一项" data-live-search="true" data-size="5">  
                                <option role="presentation" <c:if test="${bk['bk_borrowed']==1}">selected</c:if> value="1">已借出</option>
                                <option role="presentation" <c:if test="${bk['bk_borrowed']==0}">selected</c:if> value="0">未借出</option>
                            </select>
                          </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th>书籍作者</th>
                        <td>${bk['bk_author']}</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th>书籍分类</th>
                        <td>
                            ${bk['bk_category']}
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th>书籍介绍</th>
                        <td><textarea class="form-control" rows="3" id="intro" name="intro">${bk['bk_intro']}</textarea></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr><th></th><td><input type="submit" class="btn default" onclick="edbook()" value="提交" id="editbook" name=""/></td></tr>
                </table>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

5.web.xml等配置文件