1：创建一个单链表
2：显示打印一个单链表
3：单链表长度计算
4：查找指定元素，返回该元素在链表中的位置
5：查找指定节点，返回特定位置的节点，并打印节点出的数据
6：插入元素到单链表的指定位置，返回插入后的链表
7：删除节点，给定节点位置，删除该处的数据，返回删除该节点的链表
8：反转链表，将链表从后往前打印输出
9：寻找中间节点，返回中间节点信息，打印此处的节点数据
10：链表排序，对链表中的数据进行从小到大排序，打印显示
typedef struct node {
int data;
node *next;
}node;
node *creat() //创建一个链表，以数字0作为结束
{
int i = 0;
node *p, *q, *head;
int x = 0;
head = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
head->next = NULL;
q = head; //最开始尾节点就在首节点
//head->next = NULL;
while (1)
{
printf("please input a data:");
scanf_s("%d", &x);
if (x == 0)
break;
p = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
p->data = x;
q->next = p;
q = p;
}
q->next = NULL;
return head;
}
void display(node *k) //链表的元素打印
{
node *p = k->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
cout << p->data<<"->";
p = p->next;
}
}
int length(node* k) //链表长度获取
{
int len = 0;
node *p =k->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
len++;
p = p->next;
}
return len;
}
int search_node(node *k, int x) //查找元素，返回该元素在链表中的位置
{
node *p = k->next;
int i = 0;
while (p!=NULL)
{
if (p->data == x)
return i;
p = p->next;
if (p == NULL)
{
cout << "no this element" << endl;
return 0;
}
i++;
}
return i;
}
node * search(node*head, int pos) //以节点信息查找，返回寻找位置的节点
{
node *p = head->next;
if (pos<0)
{
printf("incorrect position to search node!
");
return NULL;
}
if (pos == 0)
{
return head;
}
if (p == NULL)
{
printf("link is empty!
");
return NULL;
}
while (pos--)
{
if (p!= NULL)
{
p = p->next;
}
else
{
cout << "error" << endl;
break;
}
}
return p;
}
node *insert_node(node *k, int pos, int data) //插入一个数据到指定节点，返回插入后的链表
{
node *p;
node *item = NULL;
item = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
item->data = data;
if (pos < 0)
cout << "insert invalid" << endl;
if (pos == 0)
{
k->next = item;
return k;
}
p = search(k, pos);
if (p != NULL)
{
item->next = p->next;
p->next = item;
cout << "insert success" << endl;
}
else
cout << "insert invalid" << endl;
return k;
}
node *delete_node(node *k, int pos)//删除指定位置的节点数据，返回删除后的链表
{
node *item = NULL;
node *p = k->next;
if (p == NULL)
{
cout << "it's empty" << endl;
return NULL;
}
p = search(k, pos - 1);
if (p != NULL&&p->next != NULL)
{
item = p->next;
p->next = item->next;
delete item;
}
return k;
}
node *reverse(node *k) //反转链表，就地反转法
{
if (k == NULL)
return k;
node *p, *q, *r;
p = k->next;
q = p->next;
while (q != NULL)
{
p->next = q->next;
q->next = k->next;
k->next = q;
q = p->next;
}
return k;
}
node *search_middle(node *k)
{
int i = 0, j = 0;
node *cur = NULL, *mid = NULL;
cur = mid = k->next;
while (cur != NULL)
{
if (i / 2 > j)
{
mid = mid->next;
j++;
}
cur = cur->next;
i++;
}
return mid;
}
node *sort(node *k) //链表排序，按从小到大排序
{
int len = length(k);
if (len == 0)
{
cout << "it's empty" << endl;
return k;
}
node *p = k;
int i, j, temp;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
p=k->next;
for (j = 1; j < len -i; j++)
{
if (p->data > p->next->data)
{
temp = p->data;
p->data = p->next->data;
p->next->data = temp;
}
p = p->next;
}
}
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
cout << p->data << " ";
p = p->next;
}
}
子函数功能测试：
int main()
{
node *j,*s;
int l = 0,m,pos;
int data;
j = creat();
display(j);
l = length(j);
cout << endl<< "length is: " << l << endl;
cout << "输入一个带查询元素：";
cin >> m;
pos = search_node(j, m);
if(pos!=0)
cout << "元素" << m << "在链表里的位置" << pos << endl;
cout << "输入待查寻节点的位置;";
cin >> m;
s = search(j, m);
if (s != NULL)
cout << endl << "查询节点处的元素值为:" << s->data << endl;
cout << "插入节点，输入待插入的节点位置和数据：";
cin >> m>>data;
insert_node(j, m, data);
cout << endl;
display(j);
cout << endl<<"删除节点，输入待删除节点的位置：" << endl;
cin >> m;
s=delete_node(j, m);
if (s != NULL)
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
display(s);
cout << endl<< "反转链表" << endl;
s = reverse(j);
display(s);
s = search_middle(j);
cout << endl<< "中间节点数据为：" << s->data << endl;
cout << "排序链表，从小到大排序" << endl;
s = sort(j);
return 0;
}
运行演示：
