Maven入门教程

听说Maven这种项目周期管理软件已经很长时间了，因为之前做的项目都不允许上网，所以没办法使用maven进行jar包下载。现在跳槽后直接使用专线链接互联网，终于有了使用maven的机会。因此就简单写一写maven的入门资料。

首先需要下载maven(因为我在windows使用eclipse进行coding，所以我下载maven的windows版本)。下载后直接安装，然后需要配置三个环境变量：

1、MAVEN_HOME=安装路径(e.g C:apache-maven-3.0)

2、MAVEN=%MAVEN_HOME%in

3、在PATH变量中添加 %MAVEN_HOME%

OK。在cmd中输入 mvn -v 。如果看到

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

C:UsersEric>mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.0.3 (r1075438; 2011-03-01 01:31:09+0800)
Maven home: D:Program Files (x86)apache-maven-3.0.3
Java version: 1.7.0, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: C:Program FilesJavajdk1.7.0jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: GBK
OS name: "windows 7", version: "6.1", arch: "amd64", family: "windows"

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

说明安装成功。

下面开始部署第一个maven project。在eclipse中新建一个maven project。

这是配置的pom.xml内容

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.andy.maven</groupId>
  <artifactId>MavenTest</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>MavenTest</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

我们编写一个JAVA类

package org.andy.maven.MavenTest;

public class MyMavenTest {

    public String getString(String s){
        System.out.println("In the getString the para is "+s);
        return "SUCCESS";
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("In the main is OK");
    }

}

然后在pom.xml上面点击右键，选择run as->Maven build 。在Goals 中输入 clean compile (表示先清空，然后再重新编译).

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building MavenTest 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.4.1:clean (default-clean) @ MavenTest ---
[INFO] Deleting D:scala-workspaceMavenTest	arget
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ MavenTest ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:scala-workspaceMavenTestsrcmain
esources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) @ MavenTest ---
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:scala-workspaceMavenTest	argetclasses
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.027s
[INFO] Finished at: Mon Jul 21 21:52:08 CST 2014
[INFO] Final Memory: 9M/23M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

18行表示maven 编译成功。

eclipse中maven命令解释：

Maven Clean -- 清空当前项目

Maven Build -- 执行maven命令

Maven Install -- 生成jar包

Update Project -- 如果修改了pom里面的依赖信息(e.g 版本号，增加/删除jar包等)，更新当前项目