数据结构 动态数组实现

 动态数组实现：数据的初始化、指定位置插入、头部删除、尾部删除、指定位置删除。

头文件：

#pragma once

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>

struct DynamicArray{
    void **data; //数据空间首地址
    int capacity;//容量，当前数据空间最大能够容纳多少个元素
    int size; //大小,当前数据空间有多少元素
};

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"{
#endif

    typedef int(compare)(void*, void*);

    //初始化函数
    void *Init_DynamicArray();
    //指定位置插入
    int Insert_DynamicArray(void *arr, int pos, void *data);
    //头部插入
    int PushFront_DynamicArray(void *arr, void *data);
    //尾部插入
    int PushBack_DynamicArray(void *arr, void *data);
    //指定位置删除
    int RemoveByPos_DynamicArray(void *arr, int pos);
    //根据值来删除
    int RemoveByVal_DynamicArray(void *arr, void *data, compare *mycompare);
    //头部删除
    int PopFront_DynamicArray(void *arr);
    //尾部删除
    int PopBack_DynamicArray(void *arr);
    //获得数组大小
    int Size_DynamicArray(void *arr);
    //获得容量
    int Capacity_DynamicArray(void *arr);
    //打印函数
    void Foreach_DynamicArray(void *arr,void(*foreach)(void *));
    //销毁数组
    int Destroy_DynamicArray(void *arr);


#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

头文件实现：

#include"DynamicArray.h"

//初始化函数
void *Init_DynamicArray(){

    struct DynamicArray *arr = malloc(sizeof(struct DynamicArray));
    if (NULL == arr){
        return NULL;
    }

    arr->capacity = 10; //默认数组创建，容量是10
    arr->data = malloc(sizeof(void *)* arr->capacity);
    arr->size = 0;


    return arr;
}
//指定位置插入
int Insert_DynamicArray(void *arr, int pos, void *data){

    if (NULL == arr){
        return -1;
    }

    if (NULL == data){
        return -2;
    }

    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;

    if (pos < 0 || pos > myarr->size){
        pos = myarr->size;
    }

    //判断空间是否足够
    if (myarr->size == myarr->capacity){
        
        //根据增长策略，计算新空间大小
        int newcapacity = myarr->size * 2;
        //开辟新空间
        void **newspace = (void **)malloc(sizeof(void *)* newcapacity);
        //将旧空间的数据拷贝到新空间
        memcpy(newspace, myarr->data, sizeof(void *)* myarr->capacity);
        //释放旧空间内存
        free(myarr->data);
        //更新数组核心数据
        myarr->data = newspace;
        myarr->capacity = newcapacity;
    }

    //将元素插入到新空间
    for (int i = myarr->size - 1; i >= pos;i --){
        myarr->data[i + 1] = myarr->data[i];
    }

    //元素插入到pos位置
    myarr->data[pos] = data;

    //维护size大小
    myarr->size++;

    return 0;
}
//头部插入
int PushFront_DynamicArray(void *arr, void *data){
    return Insert_DynamicArray(arr, 0 , data);
}
//尾部插入
int PushBack_DynamicArray(void *arr, void *data){
    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;
    return Insert_DynamicArray(arr, myarr->size, data);
}
//指定位置删除
int RemoveByPos_DynamicArray(void *arr, int pos){
    
    if (NULL == arr){
        return -1;
    }

    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;
    if (myarr->size == 0){
        return 0;
    }

    if (pos < 0 || pos > myarr->size - 1){
        return 0;
    }

    for (int i = pos; i < myarr->size - 1; i ++){
        myarr->data[i] = myarr->data[i + 1];
    }

    myarr->size--;

    return 0;
}
//根据值来删除
int RemoveByVal_DynamicArray(void *arr, void *data, compare *mycompare){

    if (NULL == arr){
        return -1;
    }

    if (NULL == data){
        return -2;
    }

    if (NULL == mycompare){
        return -3;
    }

    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;
    if (myarr->size == 0){
        return 0;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < myarr->size - 1;i ++){
        
        if (mycompare(myarr->data[i], data)){
            //说明找到了
            RemoveByPos_DynamicArray(arr, i);
            break;
        }
    }


    return 0;
}
//头部删除
int PopFront_DynamicArray(void *arr){
    return RemoveByPos_DynamicArray(arr, 0);
}
//尾部删除
int PopBack_DynamicArray(void *arr){
    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;
    return RemoveByPos_DynamicArray(arr, myarr->size - 1);
}
//获得数组大小
int Size_DynamicArray(void *arr){
    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;
    return myarr->size;
}
//获得容量
int Capacity_DynamicArray(void *arr){
    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;
    return myarr->capacity;
}

//打印函数
void Foreach_DynamicArray(void *arr, void(*foreach)(void *)){
    if (NULL == arr){
        return;
    }

    if (NULL == foreach){
        return;
    }

    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;

    for (int i = 0; i < myarr->size; i++){
        foreach(myarr->data[i]);
    }
}

//销毁数组
int Destroy_DynamicArray(void *arr){

    if (NULL == arr){
        return -1;
    }

    struct DynamicArray *myarr = (struct DynamicArray *)arr;

    if (myarr->data != NULL){
        myarr->capacity = 0;
        myarr->size = 0;
        free(myarr->data);
        myarr->data = NULL;
    }

    free(myarr);
    myarr = NULL;


    return 0;
}

测试文件：

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include"DynamicArray.h"

struct Person{
    char name[64];
    int age;
};

void myPrint(void *data){
    struct Person *person = (struct Person *)data;
    printf("Name:%s Age:%d
",person->name,person->age);
}

int myComapre(void *d1, void *d2){
    struct Person *p1 = (struct Person *)d1;
    struct Person *p2 = (struct Person *)d2;

    return (strcmp(p1->name, p2->name) == 0) && p1->age == p2->age;
}

void test(){

    struct Person p1 = { "aaa", 10 };
    struct Person p2 = { "bbb", 20 };
    struct Person p3 = { "ccc", 30 };
    struct Person p4 = { "ddd", 40 };
    struct Person p5 = { "eee", 50 };
    struct Person p6 = { "fff", 60 };
    struct Person p7 = { "ggg", 70 };
    struct Person p8 = { "hhh", 80 };
    struct Person p9 = { "iii", 90 };
    struct Person p10 = { "jjj", 100 };
    struct Person p11 = { "kkk", 110 };

    //初始化数组
    void *myarray = Init_DynamicArray();
    //插入元素
    Insert_DynamicArray(myarray, 0, &p1);
    Insert_DynamicArray(myarray, 0, &p2);
    Insert_DynamicArray(myarray, 0, &p3);
    Insert_DynamicArray(myarray, 0, &p4);
    Insert_DynamicArray(myarray, 0, &p5);
    Insert_DynamicArray(myarray, 100, &p6);
    printf("Capacity:%d
", Capacity_DynamicArray(myarray));
    PushFront_DynamicArray(myarray, &p7);
    PushFront_DynamicArray(myarray,  &p8);
    PushFront_DynamicArray(myarray,  &p9);

    PushBack_DynamicArray(myarray, &p10);
    PushBack_DynamicArray(myarray, &p11);

    //遍历 //9 8 7 5 4 3  2 1 6  10 11
    Foreach_DynamicArray(myarray, myPrint);
    printf("Capacity:%d
",Capacity_DynamicArray(myarray));
    printf("Size:%d
", Size_DynamicArray(myarray));

    printf("--------头删和尾删之后-------------
");
    //删除
    PopFront_DynamicArray(myarray);
    PopBack_DynamicArray(myarray);
    Foreach_DynamicArray(myarray, myPrint);
    printf("--------删除2位置之后-------------
");
    RemoveByPos_DynamicArray(myarray, 2);
    Foreach_DynamicArray(myarray, myPrint);
    printf("--------删除age = 10 name = aaa位置之后-------------
");

    struct Person pDel = { "aaa", 10 };

    RemoveByVal_DynamicArray(myarray, &pDel, myComapre);
    Foreach_DynamicArray(myarray, myPrint);

    //销毁
    Destroy_DynamicArray(myarray);

}

int main(){

    test();

    system("pause");
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}