整合SSM
目录
1. 设计流程
graph LR
id1[需求分析]
id2[设计数据库]
id3[业务]
id4[前端页面]
id1 --> id2
id2 --> id3
id3 --> id4
2. 创建一个数据库表
CREATE DATABASE ssmbuild;
USE ssmbuild;
CREATE TABLE `books`(
`bookID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID`(`bookID`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
3. 配置依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.wang</groupId>
<artifactId>ssmBuild</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!--依赖: junit, 数据库驱动, 连接池, servlet, jsp, mybatis, mybatis-spring, spring-->
<dependencies>
<!--Junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据库驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据库连接池: c3p0-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet JSP jstl 标准标签库(standard)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis mybatis-spring-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring(MVC JDBC)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--Lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--静态资源导出-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
4. 准备项目框架
-
在java目录下新建
- dao
- pojo
- service
- controller
-
在resource目录下配置mybatis和spring的核心配置文件
- mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--配置数据源, 交给Spring去做--> <!--设置别名--> <!--映射Mapper--> </configuration>- applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> </beans> -
在resource目录下写数据库的配置文件database.properties
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用的是MySQL8.0+, 增加一个时区的配置: &serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = 123456
5. Mybatis层
1. 编写实体类
package com.wang.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
2. 编写Mapper接口和xml
1. Mapping接口
package com.wang.dao;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapping {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
2. Mapping.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.wang.dao.BookMapping">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, detail)
VALUES (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail});
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID};
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName = #{bookName}, bookCounts = #{bookCounts}, detail = #{detail}
where bookID = #{bookID};
</update>
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID};
</select>
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books;
</select>
</mapper>
注意
编写接口时, 属性为基本类型时要加上@Param("")注解, 同时此注解可以解决属性名与数据库的字段名不一致的问题
3. 编写Service层
1. 接口
package com.wang.service;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
2. 实现类
package com.wang.service;
import com.wang.dao.BookMapper;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
//service层 调 dao层: 组合dao
private BookMapping bookMapping;
//添加setter, Spring可以直接注入到mapper
public void setBookMapping(BookMapping bookMapping) {
this.bookMapping = bookMapping;
}
@Override
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapping.addBook(books);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapping.deleteBookById(id);
}
@Override
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapping.updateBook(books);
}
@Override
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapping.queryBookById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapping.queryAllBook();
}
}
注意
- 此处Service层与Dao层的接口基本一致, 但是这样做实现了分层解耦, 方便之后添加一些业务
- 在Service的实现类中, 调用dao, 同时对导入的dao编写一个Setter, 方便之后的Spring注入
4. 完善Mybatis核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--配置数据源, 交给Spring去做-->
<!--设置别名-->
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.wang.pojo.Books" alias="Books"/>
</typeAliases>
<!--映射Mapper-->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/wang/dap/BookMapping.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
6. Spring层
1. 配置Spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1. 关联数据库配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!--2. 连接池
dbcp: 半自动化操作, 不能自动连接
c3p0: 自动化操作(自动化的加载配置文件, 并且可以自动配置到对象中!)
druid:
hikari: SpringBoot 2.X自带的
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!--从properties中取出四个要素-->
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!--c3p0连接池的私有属性-->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!--关闭连接后不自动commit-->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!--获取连接超时时间-->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!--当获取失败重新尝试次数-->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!--3. SQLSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--引用数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--绑定Mybatis的配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--4. 配置dao接口扫描包, 动态的实现了Dao接口可以注入到Spring容器中!-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!--注入sqlSessionFactory-->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!--要扫描的dao包-->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.wang.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
注意
- 关于Spring包扫描后的类的名字
- 如果连着两个大写的字母开头，则扫描进来的bean就是大写开头的；
如果大写开头，后面跟小写，则扫描进来的是小写开头的
- 如果连着两个大写的字母开头，则扫描进来的bean就是大写开头的；
- Spring-dao.xml要放在applicationContext的同一个上下文中, 可以在项目结构的module中配置, 也可以在applicationContext中导入
2. 配置Spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1. 扫描Service下的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.wang.service"/>
<!--2. 将我们的所有业务类注入到Spring, 可以通过配置或者注解实现-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.wang.service.BookServiceImpl">
<!--由于在BookServiceImpl中添加了bookMapper的实现类; 同时, 我们在Spring-dao中设置了自动扫描dao下的包, 因此我们可以直接注入-->
<property name="bookMapping" ref="bookMapping"/>
</bean>
<!--3. 声明式事务配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--4. aop事务支持(要使用aop要导入织入包)-->
</beans>
注意
- Spring-service.xml要放在applicationContext的同一个上下文中, 可以在项目结构的module中配置, 也可以在applicationContext中导入
3. 配置applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="Spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="Spring-service.xml"/>
</beans>
7. SpringMVC层
1. 添加web框架
2. 编写web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--乱码过滤-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session: 配置Session过期时间为15分钟-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
注意
- 在DispatcherServlet中的url-pattern为 /
- 在filter中的url-pattern为 */
3. 配置Spring-mvc
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 1.注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 2.静态资源过滤-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.扫描包: controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.wang.controller"/>
<!-- 4.视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 5.如果要使用Jackson, 要配置统一处理乱码的问题!-->
</beans>
注意
- 配置时的约束注意结尾为mvc, 同时, .xsd中间也要改成mvc
- 视图解析器配置前缀时注意开头和结尾的 /
- 如果要使用JackSon, 在此处配置解决乱码问题
4. 配置applicationContext.xml
将SpringMVC的配置文件引入总的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="Spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="Spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="Spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
5. 添加库并配置Tomcat
在项目结构下的Artfact中, 添加一个lib目录, 将所有的库放入这个lib目录下
8. 如果出现bean不存在的排错思路
- 查看这个bean是否注入成功! ==> idea中能跳转则成功
- Junit单元测试, 看我们的代码是否能查询出结果!
- 如果上面都没有问题, 则问题一定不在我们的底层, 是Spring出了问题!
- SpringMVC, 整合的时候没有调用我们的service层的bean:
- applicationContext.xml 没有注入bean
- web.xml中, 我们也绑定过配置文件! 看配置文件是否绑全!(applicationContext.xml)
9. 查询全部书籍
1. 在controller中添加功能
package com.wang.controller;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import com.wang.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
//controller层 调 service 层
//这里使用Qualified, 指定了注入BookServiceImpl, 避免了自动装配注入对象模糊的问题
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
//查询全部的书籍, 并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
}
2. 修改并美化主页
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2020/9/9
Time: 16:40
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<style>
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<%--此处要写${pageContext.request.contextPath} 后面的写绝对地址, 方便项目运行!--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入到书籍页面</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
3. 利用BootStrap和jstl美化并完成书籍查询页面
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2020/9/9
Time: 17:23
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍展示</title>
<%--BootStrap美化页面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<%--栅格--%>
<div class="container">
<%--清除浮动--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<%--分屏12份--%>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>
书籍列表 —————————————————— 显示所有书籍
</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<%--书籍从数据库中查询出来, 从这个list遍历出来 : foreach--%>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
10. 添加书籍
1. 在查询所有书籍的页面中添加跳转添加书籍的按钮
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2020/9/9
Time: 17:23
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍展示</title>
<%--BootStrap美化页面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<%--栅格--%>
<div class="container">
<%--清除浮动--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<%--分屏12份--%>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>
书籍列表 —————————————————— 显示所有书籍
</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<%--书籍从数据库中查询出来, 从这个list遍历出来 : foreach--%>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<%--增加书籍的按钮--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<%--toAddBook--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook" class="btn btn-primary">
新增书籍
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2. 在controller中添加跳转和添加的功能
package com.wang.controller;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import com.wang.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
//controller层 调 service 层
//这里使用Qualified, 指定了注入BookServiceImpl, 避免了自动装配注入对象模糊的问题
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
//查询全部的书籍, 并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
//跳转到增加书籍页面
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPage() {
return "addBook";
}
//添加书籍的请求
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books books) {
System.out.println("allBook ==> " + books);
bookService.addBook(books);
//重定向到allBook查询
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
}
注意
-
在jsp中添加了点击会跳转到/book/toAddBook的按钮, 这里会进一步跳转到addBook页面
-
/book/addBook是添加书籍的地址, 表单要提交到这里来处理!
-
添加之后, 要重定向到查询全部书籍, 使用 return "redirect:/book/allBook";
3. 设计添加书籍的页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2020/9/10
Time: 14:00
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>新增书籍</title>
<%--BootStrap美化页面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<%--栅格--%>
<div class="container">
<%--清除浮动--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<%--分屏12份--%>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>
书籍列表 —————————————————— 新增书籍
</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<%--此处的label中的for标签对应下面input标签中的id, 这样点击label就可以直接到input!--%>
<label for="bookName">书籍名称:</label>
<%--input中的name要与实体类中的一致!--%>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="bookName" name="bookName" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="bookCounts">书籍数量:</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="bookCounts" name="bookCounts" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="detail">书籍描述:</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="detail" name="detail" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="form-control" value="添加">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
注意
- label中的for标签对应下面input标签中的id, 这样点击label就可以直接到input
- form表单中, 各个标签的name属性的值为后端取到的属性的名称(getParameter("XXX")).submit提交后,我们使用Mybatis和SpringMVC可以直接取出其中的值(返回的属性会封装在对象中)
- name属性要与pojo中的属性名完全一致!
11. 修改和删除书籍
1. 修改书籍查询页面
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2020/9/9
Time: 17:23
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍展示</title>
<%--BootStrap美化页面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<%--栅格--%>
<div class="container">
<%--清除浮动--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<%--分屏12份--%>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>
书籍列表 —————————————————— 显示所有书籍
</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<%--书籍从数据库中查询出来, 从这个list遍历出来 : foreach--%>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
<td>
<%--通过a标签携带参数 ==> 使用?参数名=${参数值}--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a>
|
<%--通过a标签携带参数 ==> 此处使用RestFul风格--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<%--增加书籍的按钮--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<%--toAddBook--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook" class="btn btn-primary">
新增书籍
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
注意
- 前端向后端传递参数, 如果不是表单的话, 通过a标签, 携带参数的URL
2. 在controller中添加跳转和修改以及删除的功能
package com.wang.controller;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import com.wang.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
//controller层 调 service 层
//这里使用Qualified, 指定了注入BookServiceImpl, 避免了自动装配注入对象模糊的问题
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
//查询全部的书籍, 并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
//跳转到增加书籍页面
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPage() {
return "addBook";
}
//添加书籍的请求
//由于提交了表单, 可以接收到一个Books对象
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books books) {
bookService.addBook(books);
//重定向到allBook查询
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
//跳转到修改页面
//在前端中提交了id数据, 这里可以接收到(使用老版的方法)
//Model用来将其带给前端
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdatePage(int id, Model model) {
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("queryResult", books);
return "updateBook";
}
//修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books books) {
bookService.updateBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
//删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/deleteBook/{bookID}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookID") int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
}
注意
- 由于前端使用url向后端传递了参数, 保证属性名一致的情况下可以直接取到
- Model对象用于将后端处理的结果传递给前端(相当于setAttribute), 这里使用addAtrribute("属性名", 对象)方法, 在前端使用${"属性名"}即可取出!
3. 设计修改书籍的页面
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2020/9/10
Time: 15:17
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改书籍</title>
<%--BootStrap美化页面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<%--栅格--%>
<div class="container">
<%--清除浮动--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<%--分屏12份--%>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>
书籍列表 —————————————————— 修改书籍
</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<%--此处的label中的for标签对应下面input标签中的id, 这样点击label就可以直接到input!--%>
<label for="bookName">书籍名称:</label>
<%--input中的name要与实体类中的一致!--%>
<%--value为文本框中显示的值, 这里从后台返回的对象中取出对应的字段--%>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="bookName" name="bookName" value="${queryResult.bookName}" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="bookCounts">书籍数量:</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="bookCounts" name="bookCounts" value="${queryResult.bookCounts}" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="detail">书籍描述:</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="detail" name="detail" value="${queryResult.detail}" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="form-control" value="修改">
</div>
<%--此处修改要传递bookID, 同时此属性不应该被修改, 因此要使用隐藏域--%>
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${queryResult.bookID}">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
注意
-
input标签中, value为文本框中显示的值
-
需要从前端传递到后端但是不想让用户看到的值, 使用隐藏域
<%--此处修改要传递bookID, 同时此属性不应该被修改, 因此要使用隐藏域--%> <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${queryResult.bookID}">
12. 搜索功能
添加一个通过书籍名称搜索书籍的功能
设计思路从下到上(dao ---> service ---> controller), 这样就方便修改
1. 修改前端页面
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2020/9/9
Time: 17:23
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍展示</title>
<%--BootStrap美化页面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<%--栅格--%>
<div class="container">
<%--清除浮动--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<%--分屏12份--%>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>
书籍列表 —————————————————— 显示所有书籍
</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<%--书籍从数据库中查询出来, 从这个list遍历出来 : foreach--%>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
<td>
<%--通过a标签携带参数 ==> 使用?参数名=${参数值}--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a>
|
<%--通过a标签携带参数 ==> 此处使用RestFul风格--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<%--增加书籍的按钮--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<%--toAddBook--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook" class="btn btn-primary">
新增书籍
</a>
<%--显示全部书籍--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook" class="btn btn-primary">
显示全部书
</a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 column"></div>
<div class="col-md-8 column">
<%--查询书籍, style="float: right"为向右浮动--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right" class="form-inline">
<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
<%--placeholder为默认显示的值--%>
<input type="text" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍" class="form-control" name="queryBookName">
<input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
注意
- 如果想要贴边, 需要写浮动 style="float: right"
2. 在dao层中添加功能
package com.wang.dao;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapping {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
//搜索书籍
Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.wang.dao.BookMapping">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, detail)
VALUES (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail});
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID};
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName = #{bookName}, bookCounts = #{bookCounts}, detail = #{detail}
where bookID = #{bookID};
</update>
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID};
</select>
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books;
</select>
<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName = #{bookName};
</select>
</mapper>
3. 在service层中添加功能
package com.wang.service;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
//搜索书籍
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);
}
package com.wang.service;
import com.wang.dao.BookMapping;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
//service层 调 dao层: 组合dao
private BookMapping bookMapping;
//添加setter, Spring可以直接注入到mapper
public void setBookMapping(BookMapping bookMapping) {
this.bookMapping = bookMapping;
}
@Override
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapping.addBook(books);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapping.deleteBookById(id);
}
@Override
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapping.updateBook(books);
}
@Override
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapping.queryBookById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapping.queryAllBook();
}
@Override
public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
return bookMapping.queryBookByName(bookName);
}
}
4. 在controller层中添加功能
package com.wang.controller;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import com.wang.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
//controller层 调 service 层
//这里使用Qualified, 指定了注入BookServiceImpl, 避免了自动装配注入对象模糊的问题
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
//查询全部的书籍, 并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
//跳转到增加书籍页面
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPage() {
return "addBook";
}
//添加书籍的请求
//由于提交了表单, 可以接收到一个Books对象
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books books) {
bookService.addBook(books);
//重定向到allBook查询
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
//跳转到修改页面
//在前端中提交了id数据, 这里可以接收到(使用老版的方法)
//Model用来将其带给前端
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdatePage(int id, Model model) {
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("queryResult", books);
return "updateBook";
}
//修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books books) {
bookService.updateBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
//删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/deleteBook/{bookID}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookID") int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
//查询书籍
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName, Model model) {
Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
List<Books> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(books);
//如果查询不存在, 返回全部书籍
if(books == null) {
list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("error", "未查到该书籍");
}
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "/allBook";
}
}
注意
-
为了复用查询的前端页面, 这里将查询结果封装为list, 传回前端页面即可使用!
-
这里存在查询不存在的情况, 要考虑查询失败的响应
-
失败后, 如果想返回全部的列表, 只需要将list放入全部书籍即可