分块<入门>

安利一波 黄学长pdf对应的loj练习 分块入门题https://loj.ac/problems?page=13

贴下弱鸡如我的代码....表示分块入门风格学的黄学长的23333

分块练习一

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 50005 
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
int size,t,n;
ll a[N];
ll flag[505];
int p[N];
void add(int l,int r,int c){
	for(int i=l;i<=min(p[l]*size,r);i++) a[i]+=c;
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++) a[i]+=c;
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++) flag[i]+=c;
}
int main(){
//	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
//	freopen("data.in","r",stdin);
//	freopen("date.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&n);
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%lld",&a[i]);
	size=(int)sqrt(n);
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) p[i]=(i-1)/size+1;
	int op,l,r,c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d%d",&op,&l,&r,&c);
		if(op==0){
			add(l,r,c);
		}
		else{
			printf("%lld
",a[r]+flag[p[r]]);
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

　分块练习二

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 50005 
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
int a[N],b[N];
int size,n;
int p[N],lr[505],rr[505],flag[505]; 
void add(int l,int r,int c){
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++) a[i]+=c;
	for(int i=lr[p[l]];i<=rr[p[l]];i++) b[i]=a[i];
	sort(b+lr[p[l]],b+rr[p[l]]+1);
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=lr[p[r]];i<=r;i++) a[i]+=c;
		for(int i=lr[p[r]];i<=rr[p[r]];i++) b[i]=a[i];
		sort(b+lr[p[r]],b+rr[p[r]]+1);
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++) flag[i]+=c;
}
int querty(int l,int r,int c){
	int ans=0;
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++){
		if(a[i]+flag[p[l]]<c) ans++;
	}
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=lr[p[r]];i<=r;i++){
			if(a[i]+flag[p[r]]<c) ans++;
		}
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++){
		int l1=lr[i];int r1=rr[i];int t=c-flag[i]-1;
		int ans1=0;
		while(l1<=r1){
			int mid=(l1+r1)>>1;
			if(b[mid]<=t){
				ans1=mid;l1=mid+1;
			}
			else r1=mid-1;
		}
		if(ans1!=0) ans+=(ans1-lr[i]+1);
	}
	return ans;
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	scanf("%d",&n);size=(int)sqrt(n)/2;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d",&a[i]);b[i]=a[i];
		p[i]=(i-1)/size+1;
	}
	lr[1]=1;
	for(int i=2;i<n;i++){
		if(p[i]!=p[i+1]){
			rr[p[i]]=i;lr[p[i+1]]=i+1;
		}
	}
	rr[p[n]]=n;
	for(int i=1;i<=p[n];i++){
		sort(b+lr[i],b+rr[i]+1);
	}
	int op,l,r,c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d%d",&op,&l,&r,&c);
		if(op==0) add(l,r,c);
		else printf("%d
",querty(l,r,c*c));
	}
	return 0;
}

　　分块入门练习三

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 100005
#define ll long long
#define INF 10000000007
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
ll a[N],b[N];
int size,n;
int p[N],lr[1005],rr[1005];
ll flag[1005]; 
void add(int l,int r,ll c){
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++) a[i]+=c;
	for(int i=lr[p[l]];i<=rr[p[l]];i++) b[i]=a[i];
	sort(b+lr[p[l]],b+rr[p[l]]+1);
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=lr[p[r]];i<=r;i++) a[i]+=c;
		for(int i=lr[p[r]];i<=rr[p[r]];i++) b[i]=a[i];
		sort(b+lr[p[r]],b+rr[p[r]]+1);
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++) flag[i]+=c;
}
ll querty(int l,int r,ll c){
	ll ans=-1;
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++){
		if(a[i]+flag[p[l]]<c) ans=max(ans,a[i]+flag[p[l]]);
	}
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		//cout<<lr[p[r]]<<" "<<r<<endl;
		for(int i=lr[p[r]];i<=r;i++){
			if(a[i]+flag[p[r]]<c) ans=max(ans,a[i]+flag[p[r]]);
		}
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++){
		int l1=lr[i];int r1=rr[i];int t=c-flag[i]-1;
		int ans1=0;
		while(l1<=r1){
			int mid=(l1+r1)>>1;
			if(b[mid]<=t){
				ans1=mid;l1=mid+1;
			}
			else r1=mid-1;
		}
		if(ans1!=0) ans=max(ans,b[ans1]+flag[i]);
	}
	//if(ans==-1*INF) return -1;
	return ans;
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	scanf("%d",&n);size=(int)sqrt(n)*3;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%lld",&a[i]);b[i]=a[i];
		p[i]=(i-1)/size+1;
	}
	lr[1]=1;
	for(int i=1;i<n;i++){
		if(p[i]!=p[i+1]){
			rr[p[i]]=i;lr[p[i+1]]=i+1;
		}
	}
	rr[p[n]]=n;
	for(int i=1;i<=p[n];i++){
		sort(b+lr[i],b+rr[i]+1);
	}
	int op,l,r;ll c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d%lld",&op,&l,&r,&c);
		if(op==0) add(l,r,c);
		else printf("%lld
",querty(l,r,c));
	}
	return 0;
}

　　分块入门练习四

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 100005
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
ll a[N],flag[N],sum[N];
int n,size;
int p[N];
void add(int l,int r,ll c){
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++) a[i]+=c,sum[p[l]]+=c;
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++) a[i]+=c,sum[p[r]]+=c;
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++) flag[i]+=c;
}
ll Sum(int l,int r,ll c){
	ll ans=0;
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++) ans=(ans+a[i]+flag[p[l]]);
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=size*(p[r]-1)+1;i<=r;i++) ans=(ans+a[i]+flag[p[r]]);
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++) ans=(ans+sum[i]+flag[i]*size);
	return ans;
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	scanf("%d",&n);size=(int)sqrt(n)/2;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%lld",&a[i]);
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		p[i]=(i-1)/size+1;
		sum[p[i]]+=a[i];
	}
	int op,l,r;ll c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d%lld",&op,&l,&r,&c);
		if(op==0) add(l,r,c);
		else printf("%lld
",Sum(l,r,c)%(c+1));
	}
	return 0;
}

　　分块入门练习五

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 100005 
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
int p[N],n,size;
int a[N],mx[N],sum[N];
void sqr(int l,int r){
	//if(mx[p[l]]>1){
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++){
		sum[p[l]]-=a[i];a[i]=sqrt(a[i]);sum[p[l]]+=a[i];
	}
	//mx[p[l]]=-1;
	//for(int i=(p[l]-1)*size+1;i<=min(p[l]*size,n);i++) mx[p[l]]=max(mx[p[l]],a[i]);
//	}
	if(p[r]!=p[l]){
	//	if(mx[p[r]]>1){
		for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++){
		sum[p[r]]-=a[i];a[i]=sqrt(a[i]);sum[p[r]]+=a[i];
		}
		//mx[p[r]]=-1;
		//for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=min(p[r]*size,n);i++) mx[p[r]]=max(mx[p[r]],a[i]);
	//	}
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++){
		if(mx[i]<=1) continue;
		sum[i]=0;mx[i]=-1;
		for(int j=(i-1)*size+1;j<=i*size;j++){
			a[j]=sqrt(a[j]);sum[i]+=a[j];mx[i]=max(mx[i],a[j]);
		}
	}
}
int Sum(int l,int r){
	int ans=0;
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++) ans+=a[i];
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++) ans+=a[i];
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++) ans+=sum[i];
	return ans;
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	scanf("%d",&n);size=(int)sqrt(n)/2;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) mx[i]=-1;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d",&a[i]);
		p[i]=(i-1)/size+1;mx[p[i]]=max(mx[p[i]],a[i]);
		sum[p[i]]+=a[i];
	}
	int op,l,r,c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d%d",&op,&l,&r,&c);
		if(op==0) sqr(l,r);
		else printf("%d
",Sum(l,r));
	}
	return 0;
}

　　分块入门练习六

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 100005
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
vector<int>vec[1005];
int n,size,t;int a[N];int b[N<<1];
void chong(){
	int u=0;
	for(int i=1;i<=t;i++){
		for(int j=0;j<vec[i].size();j++) b[++u]=vec[i][j];
	}
	for(int i=1;i<=t;i++) vec[i].clear();
	size=(int)sqrt(u);
	for(int i=1;i<=u;i++) vec[(i-1)/size+1].push_back(b[i]);
	t=(u-1)/size+1;
}
void insert(int pos,int vul){
	int p=0;int pos1;
	for(int i=1;i<=t;i++){
		if(p+vec[i].size()>=pos){
			pos1=i;break;
		}
		p+=vec[i].size();
	}
	pos-=p;
	vec[pos1].insert(vec[pos1].begin()+pos-1,vul);
	if(vec[pos1].size()>20*size) chong();
}
int querty(int pos){
	int p=0;
	for(int i=1;i<=t;i++){
		if(p+vec[i].size()>=pos){
			return vec[i][pos-p-1];
		}
		p+=vec[i].size();
	}
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	scanf("%d",&n);size=(int)sqrt(n)/2;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d",&a[i]);
		vec[(i-1)/size+1].push_back(a[i]);
	}
	t=(n-1)/size+1;
	int op,l,r,c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d%d",&op,&l,&r,&c);
		if(op==0) insert(l,r);
		else printf("%d
",querty(r));
	}
	return 0;
}

　　分块入门练习七

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 100005
#define lth 10007
#define ll long long 
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
ll a[N];int p[N];
ll flag1[N],flag2[N];
int n,size;
void add(int l,int r,ll c){
	for(int i=size*(p[l]-1)+1;i<=min(n,size*p[l]);i++) a[i]=(a[i]*flag1[p[l]]%lth+flag2[p[l]])%lth;
	flag1[p[l]]=1;flag2[p[l]]=0;
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,size*p[l]);i++) a[i]=(a[i]+c)%lth;
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=size*(p[r]-1)+1;i<=min(n,size*p[r]);i++) a[i]=(a[i]*flag1[p[r]]%lth+flag2[p[r]])%lth;
		flag1[p[r]]=1;flag2[p[r]]=0;	
		for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++) a[i]=(a[i]+c)%lth;
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++) flag2[i]=(flag2[i]+c)%lth;
}
void cheng(int l,int r,ll c){
	for(int i=size*(p[l]-1)+1;i<=min(n,size*p[l]);i++) a[i]=(a[i]*flag1[p[l]]%lth+flag2[p[l]])%lth;
		flag1[p[l]]=1;flag2[p[l]]=0;
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++){
		a[i]=(a[i]*c)%lth;
	}
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		for(int i=size*(p[r]-1)+1;i<=min(n,size*p[r]);i++) a[i]=(a[i]*flag1[p[r]]%lth+flag2[p[r]])%lth;
		flag1[p[r]]=1;flag2[p[r]]=0;
		for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++){
			a[i]=(a[i]*c)%lth;
		}
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++){
		flag1[i]=(c*flag1[i])%lth;flag2[i]=(c*flag2[i])%lth;
	}
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	scanf("%d",&n);size=(int)sqrt(n)/2;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) flag1[i]=1;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%lld",&a[i]);
		p[i]=(i-1)/size+1;
	}
	int op,l,r,c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d%d",&op,&l,&r,&c);
		if(op==0) add(l,r,c);
		else if(op==1) cheng(l,r,c);
		else printf("%lld
",(a[r]*flag1[p[r]]%lth+flag2[p[r]])%lth);
	}
	return 0;
}

　　分块入门练习八

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 100005
#define INF 10000000007
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
ll a[N],flag[N]; 
int p[N];
int n,size;
void push(int x){
	if(flag[x]==INF) return ;
	for(int i=(x-1)*size+1;i<=min(n,x*size);i++){
		a[i]=flag[x];
	}
	flag[x]=INF;
}
int querty(int l,int r,int c){
	push(p[l]);
	int ans=0;
	for(int i=l;i<=min(r,p[l]*size);i++){
		if(a[i]==c) ans++;
		else a[i]=c;
	}
	if(p[l]!=p[r]){
		push(p[r]);
		for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++){
			if(a[i]==c) ans++;
			else a[i]=c;
		}
	}
	for(int i=p[l]+1;i<=p[r]-1;i++){
		if(flag[i]==INF){
			flag[i]=c;
			for(int j=(i-1)*size+1;j<=i*size;j++){
				if(a[j]==c) ans++;
			}
		}
		else if(flag[i]==c) ans+=size;
		else flag[i]=c;
	}
	return ans;
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	scanf("%d",&n);size=(int)sqrt(n)/2;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%lld",&a[i]);
		p[i]=(i-1)/size+1;flag[i]=INF;
	}
	int l,r,c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d",&l,&r,&c);
		printf("%d
",querty(l,r,c));
	}
	return 0;
}

　　分块入门练习九       //求区间众数经典题

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 100005
#define pii pair<int,int> 
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
int n,size;
int sum[805][N],num[805][805],cc[805][805];//num 次数 cc 数字 
int a[N],p[N];
int tmp[N];
vector<int>vec;
int querty(int l,int r){
	//cout<<p[l]<<" "<<p[r]<<endl;
	if(p[r]-p[l]<=1){
		int pos,nu=0;
		for(int i=l;i<=r;i++) tmp[a[i]]=0;
		for(int i=l;i<=r;i++){
			tmp[a[i]]++;
			if(tmp[a[i]]>=nu){
				if(tmp[a[i]]==nu) pos=min(pos,a[i]);
				else pos=a[i];
				nu=tmp[a[i]];
			}
		}
		return pos;
	}
	int pos=cc[p[l]+1][p[r]-1];int nu=num[p[l]+1][p[r]-1];
//	cout<<pos<<" "<<nu<<" "<<p[l]+1<<" "<<p[r]-1<<endl;
	for(int i=l;i<=p[l]*size;i++) tmp[a[i]]=sum[p[r]-1][a[i]]-sum[p[l]][a[i]];
	for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++) tmp[a[i]]=sum[p[r]-1][a[i]]-sum[p[l]][a[i]];
	for(int i=l;i<=p[l]*size;i++){
		tmp[a[i]]++;
		if(tmp[a[i]]>=nu){
			if(tmp[a[i]]==nu) pos=min(pos,a[i]);
			else pos=a[i];
			nu=tmp[a[i]];
		}
	}
	for(int i=(p[r]-1)*size+1;i<=r;i++){
		tmp[a[i]]++;
		if(tmp[a[i]]>=nu){
			if(tmp[a[i]]==nu) pos=min(a[i],pos);
			else pos=a[i];
			nu=tmp[a[i]];
		}
	}
	return pos;
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	scanf("%d",&n);size=(int)sqrt(n);
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d",&a[i]);vec.push_back(a[i]);
		p[i]=(i-1)/size+1;
	}
	sort(vec.begin(),vec.end());
	int t=unique(vec.begin(),vec.end())-vec.begin();
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) a[i]=lower_bound(vec.begin(),vec.begin()+t,a[i])-vec.begin()+1;
	for(int i=1;i<=p[n];i++){
		for(int j=1;j<=t;j++) sum[i][j]=sum[i-1][j];
		for(int j=(i-1)*size+1;j<=min(n,size*i);j++) sum[i][a[j]]++;
	}
	for(int i=1;i<=p[n];i++){
		num[i][i]=0;
		for(int j=(i-1)*size+1;j<=min(n,i*size);j++){
			if(sum[i][a[j]]-sum[i-1][a[j]]>=num[i][i]){
				if(sum[i][a[j]]-sum[i-1][a[j]]==num[i][i]) cc[i][i]=min(a[j],cc[i][i]);
				else cc[i][i]=a[j];
				num[i][i]=sum[i][a[j]]-sum[i-1][a[j]];
			}
		}
		for(int j=i+1;j<=p[n];j++){
			num[i][j]=num[i][j-1];cc[i][j]=cc[i][j-1];
			for(int k=(j-1)*size+1;k<=min(n,j*size);k++){
				if(sum[j][a[k]]-sum[i-1][a[k]]>=num[i][j]){
					if(sum[j][a[k]]-sum[i-1][a[k]]==num[i][j]) cc[i][j]=min(cc[i][j],a[k]);
					else cc[i][j]=a[k];
					num[i][j]=sum[j][a[k]]-sum[i-1][a[k]];
				}
			}
		//	cout<<i<<" "<<j<<" "<<num[i][j]<<"==========="<<cc[i][j]<<endl;
		}
	}
	int l,r;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d",&l,&r);
		if(l>r) swap(l,r);
	//	cout<<querty(l,r)<<endl;
		///cout<<num[31][31]<<" "<<cc[31][31]<<endl;
		printf("%d
",vec[querty(l,r)-1]);
	}
	return 0;
}

　结尾彩蛋// splay没把分块跑过....常数有点大大噢

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define N 200005
#define rl ch[ch[root][1]][0]
using namespace std;
int read(){
    int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
    while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
    return f*x;
}
int ch[N][2],key[N],size[N],pre[N];
int cnt,root,a[N],n;
void Treavel(int x)
{
    if(x)
    {
    //	cout<<x<<endl;
        Treavel(ch[x][0]);
        printf("结点%2d:左儿子 %2d 右儿子 %2d 父结点 %2d size=%2d,key=%2d
",x,ch[x][0],ch[x][1],pre[x],size[x],key[x]);
        Treavel(ch[x][1]);
    }
}
void debug(int rp)
{
    printf("root:%d
",rp);
    Treavel(rp);
}
void newnode(int &x,int fa,int vul){
	x=++cnt;
	key[x]=vul;size[x]=1;pre[x]=fa;
	ch[x][0]=ch[x][1]=0;
}
void up(int x){
	size[x]=size[ch[x][0]]+size[ch[x][1]]+1;
}
void rotate(int x,int kind){
	int y=pre[x];
	ch[y][!kind]=ch[x][kind];
	pre[ch[x][kind]]=y;
	if(pre[y]) ch[pre[y]][ch[pre[y]][1]==y]=x;
	pre[x]=pre[y];ch[x][kind]=y;pre[y]=x;
	up(y);up(x);
}
void splay(int x,int goal){
	while(pre[x]!=goal){
		if(pre[pre[x]]==goal){
			rotate(x,ch[pre[x]][0]==x);
		}
		else{
			int y=pre[x];
			int kind=ch[pre[y]][0]==y;
			if(ch[y][kind]==x){
				rotate(x,!kind);rotate(x,kind);
			}
			else{
				rotate(y,kind);rotate(x,kind);
			}
		}
	}
	if(goal==0) root=x;
	up(x);
}
int find1(int x,int t){
	if(t==size[ch[x][0]]+1) return x;
	else if(t<=size[ch[x][0]]) return find1(ch[x][0],t);
	else return find1(ch[x][1],t-size[ch[x][0]]-1);
}
void insert(int pos,int vul){
	splay(find1(root,pos),0);
	splay(find1(root,pos+1),root);
	newnode(rl,ch[root][1],vul);
	up(ch[root][1]);up(root);
}
int querty(int pos){
	return key[find1(root,pos+1)];
}
void built(int &x,int l,int r,int fa){
	if(l>r) return ;
	int mid=(l+r)>>1;
	newnode(x,fa,a[mid]);
	built(ch[x][0],l,mid-1,x);
	built(ch[x][1],mid+1,r,x);
	up(x);
}
void inte(){
	cnt=root=0;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%d",&a[i]);
	newnode(root,0,0);
	newnode(ch[root][1],root,0);
	built(rl,1,n,ch[root][1]);
	up(ch[root][1]);up(root);
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
//	freopen("data.in","r",stdin);
//	freopen("data.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&n);
	inte();
	int op,l,r,c;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
		scanf("%d%d%d%d",&op,&l,&r,&c);
		if(op==0) insert(l,r);
		else printf("%d
",querty(r));
	}
	return 0;
}