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  • iOS 开发--转场动画

    "用过格瓦拉电影,或者其他app可能都知道,一种点击按钮用放大效果实现转场的动画现在很流行,效果大致如下:"

    1

    本文主讲SWIFT版,OC版在后面会留下Demo下载

    在iOS中,在同一个导航控制器你可以自定义转场动画实现两个viewController之间的过渡。实际上在iOS7之后,通过实现

    UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning或者UIViewControllerContextTransitioning协议,
    


    就可以简单的自定义转场动画,比如一个NavigationController的push和pop。还有一点你需要知道的是,我如果有一个矩形, 有一个圆,想要在这个矩形上剪出和圆大小相同的面积,那么就要用到CALayer的mask属性,下面用图表达可能会直观些:

    1

    现在可能你对mask属性有一点了解了,下面代码的实现中你将会看到具体的实现过程。先做这么多了解,下面开始一步步实现效果。

    开始实现简单的push效果

    新建工程,这里用的是Swift,选中storyboard,然后加上一个导航,如下

    1
    然后效果如下

    1

    把右侧的Shows Navigation Bar去掉,因为这个demo里面并不需要导航栏,同时保证Is Instal View Controller是被勾上的(不知道的童鞋可以去掉看一下效果),这里默认的都是勾选上的。然后在新建一个viewController,并设置其继承于ViewController,如下

    1

    然后在两个VC上分别在同样的位置添加两个完全相同的按钮,位置约束在右上角距离右边和上边分别为20,20的距离,为了区分,将这两个VC设置不同的背景色,如下

    1

    1

    然后右键一直按住第一个按钮拖拽至第二个VC(也就是黄色背景的)点击show
    1

    这时候两个VC之间就会出现一条线,然后点击线中间,设置identifier为PushSegue,这里设置一个标识符,为后面的跳转做准备,效果如下:

    1

    将两个按钮连接成ViewController的同一个属性,名为popBtn,然后将第二个VC的按钮实现一个点击方法(因为我们要pop回来)名为popClick,如下

    import UIKit
    
    class ViewController: UIViewController {
    
        @IBOutlet weak var popBtn: UIButton!
        override func viewDidLoad() {
            super.viewDidLoad()
            // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
        }
    
        @IBAction func popClick(sender: AnyObject) {
    
            self.navigationController?.popViewControllerAnimated(true)
        }
    
        override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
            super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
            // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
        }
    
    }
    

    最后,分别在两个VC的中间添加一个imageView,最后的效果图如下

    1

    如果到这里你还没错的话,那么运行一下你的工程,运行的效果将会是这样

    1

    没错,也就是一个简单的push效果,现在准备工作已经做好了,想要实现放大效果的动画,还要继续往下进行。

    开始实现放大效果

    通过上面的步骤,我们已经做好了准备工作,我们还要知道的一点是,要想自定义导航的push或pop效果,需要实现UINavigationControllerDelegate协议里面的

    func navigationController(navigationController: UINavigationController,
    interactionControllerForAnimationController animationController: UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning) -> UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning? {
        return nil
    }
    

    这个协议方法,我们先新建一个继承于NSObject的名为HWNavigationDelegate的一个类,然后引入UINavigationControllerDelegate,实现上面的协议方法,使返回值暂时为nil(从上面代码中可以看出返回值是一个可选值,所以这里可以先用nil,待会再具体实现)。然后你的HWNavigationDelegate里面的代码大致如下

    //
    //  HWNavigationDelegate.swift
    //  HWAnimationTransition_Swift
    //
    //  Created by HenryCheng on 16/3/16.
    //  Copyright © 2016年 www.igancao.com. All rights reserved.
    //
    
    import UIKit
    
    class HWNavigationDelegate: NSObject, UINavigationControllerDelegate {
    
        func navigationController(navigationController: UINavigationController, animationControllerForOperation operation: UINavigationControllerOperation, fromViewController fromVC: UIViewController, toViewController toVC: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
    
            return nil;
        }
    }
    

    现在继续打开storyboard,然后在右下角搜索Object,并将其拖拽至左边Navigation Controller Source里,
    1

    并在选中Object,在右边将其类改成刚刚创建的HWNavigationDelegate

    1
    最后在左侧,点击UINavigationController,并将其delegate设置为刚才的Object

    1

    现在上面HWNavigationDelegate里面导航的协议方法的返回值还是nil,我们需要创建一个实现动画效果的类,并使其返回,这里我们新建一个同样继承于NSObject的名为HWTransitionAnimator的类,并使其实现UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning协议,和其中的协议方法,为了便于阅读,这里贴出所有的代码,

    //
    //  HWTransitionAnimator.swift
    //  HWAnimationTransition_Swift
    //
    //  Created by HenryCheng on 16/3/16.
    //  Copyright © 2016年 www.igancao.com. All rights reserved.
    //
    
    import UIKit
    
    class HWTransitionAnimator: NSObject, UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning {
        weak var transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning?
    
        func transitionDuration(transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning?) -> NSTimeInterval {
    
            return 0.5
        }
    
        func animateTransition(transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning) {
    
            self.transitionContext = transitionContext
    
            let containerView = transitionContext.containerView()
            let fromVC = transitionContext.viewControllerForKey(UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey) as! ViewController
            let toVC = transitionContext.viewControllerForKey(UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey) as! ViewController
            let button = fromVC.popBtn
    
            containerView?.addSubview(toVC.view)
    
            let circleMaskPathInitial = UIBezierPath(ovalInRect: button.frame)
            let extremePoint = CGPoint(x: button.center.x - 0, y: button.center.y - CGRectGetHeight(toVC.view.bounds))
            let radius = sqrt((extremePoint.x * extremePoint.x) + (extremePoint.y * extremePoint.y))
            let circleMaskPathFinal = UIBezierPath(ovalInRect: CGRectInset(button.frame, -radius, -radius))
    
            let maskLayer = CAShapeLayer()
            maskLayer.path = circleMaskPathFinal.CGPath
            toVC.view.layer.mask = maskLayer
    
            let maskLayerAnimation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "path")
            maskLayerAnimation.fromValue = circleMaskPathInitial.CGPath
            maskLayerAnimation.toValue = circleMaskPathFinal.CGPath
            maskLayerAnimation.duration = self.transitionDuration(transitionContext)
            maskLayerAnimation.delegate = self
            maskLayer.addAnimation(maskLayerAnimation, forKey: "path")
    
        }
    
        override func animationDidStop(anim: CAAnimation, finished flag: Bool) {
    
            self.transitionContext?.completeTransition(!self.transitionContext!.transitionWasCancelled())
            self.transitionContext?.viewControllerForKey(UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey)?.view.layer.mask = nil
        }
    
    }
    


    关于上面的所有代码,其中

    func animateTransition(transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning),
    func animateTransition(transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning)
    


    分别是设置时间和动画过程的方法,都是

    UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning的协议方法,
    func animationDidStop是实现动画结束后的操作,
    


    这里动画结束后需要做取消动画和将fromViewController释放掉的操作。里面的

    let circleMaskPathInitial = UIBezierPath(ovalInRect: button.frame)
    let extremePoint = CGPoint(x: button.center.x - 0, y: button.center.y - CGRectGetHeight(toVC.view.bounds))
    let radius = sqrt((extremePoint.x * extremePoint.x) + (extremePoint.y * extremePoint.y))
    let circleMaskPathFinal = UIBezierPath(ovalInRect: CGRectInset(button.frame, -radius, -radius))
    
    let maskLayer = CAShapeLayer()
    maskLayer.path = circleMaskPathFinal.CGPath
    toVC.view.layer.mask = maskLayer
    


    这段代码,下面第二段代码的maskLayer这个上面开始的时候就说过了,第一段代码其实就是一个计算的过程,求出最后大圆效果的半径,原理如图(粗糙的画了一下,画得不好见谅^_^)

    1

    最后将刚才HWNavigationDelegate里的协议方法返回值修改成HWTransitionAnimator的对象就可以了

    func navigationController(navigationController: UINavigationController, animationControllerForOperation operation: UINavigationControllerOperation, fromViewController fromVC: UIViewController, toViewController toVC: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
    
        return HWTransitionAnimator()
    }
    


    如果上面步骤,你操作没错的话,运行工程效果如下

    1

    添加手势引导动画

    添加手势实现动画效果,我们在刚才的<br>
    HWNavigationDelegate类里实现
    UINavigationControllerDelegate的另外一个斜一方法
    func navigationController(navigationController: UINavigationController,
    interactionControllerForAnimationController animationController: UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning) -> UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning? {
        return self.interactionController
    }
    


    这里的

    self.interactionController
    


    就是我们的导航控制器,如下图

    1

    然后重写awakeFromNib()方法,关于整个HWNavigationDelegate最后的代码实现,如下
    // // HWNavigationDelegate.swift // HWAnimationTransition_Swift // // Created by HenryCheng on 16/3/16. // Copyright © 2016年 www.igancao.com. All rights reserved. //

    import UIKit
    
    class HWNavigationDelegate: NSObject, UINavigationControllerDelegate {
    
        @IBOutlet weak var navigationController: UINavigationController!
        var interactionController: UIPercentDrivenInteractiveTransition?
    
        func navigationController(navigationController: UINavigationController,
        interactionControllerForAnimationController animationController: UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning) -> UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning? {
            return self.interactionController
        }
    
        func navigationController(navigationController: UINavigationController, animationControllerForOperation operation: UINavigationControllerOperation, fromViewController fromVC: UIViewController, toViewController toVC: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
    
            return HWTransitionAnimator()
            //        return nil;
        }
    
        override func awakeFromNib() {
            super.awakeFromNib()
            let panGesture = UIPanGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: Selector("panned:"))
            self.navigationController.view.addGestureRecognizer(panGesture)
        }
    
        func panned(gestureRecognizer: UIPanGestureRecognizer) {
            switch gestureRecognizer.state {
            case .Began:
    
                self.interactionController = UIPercentDrivenInteractiveTransition()
                if self.navigationController?.viewControllers.count > 1 {
                    self.navigationController?.popViewControllerAnimated(true)
                } else {
                    self.navigationController?.topViewController!.performSegueWithIdentifier("PushSegue", sender: nil)
                }
            case .Changed:
    
            let translation = gestureRecognizer.translationInView(self.navigationController!.view)
            let completionProgress = translation.x / CGRectGetWidth(self.navigationController!.view.bounds)
            self.interactionController?.updateInteractiveTransition(completionProgress)
            case .Ended:
    
                if (gestureRecognizer.velocityInView(self.navigationController!.view).x > 0) {
                    self.interactionController?.finishInteractiveTransition()
                } else {
                    self.interactionController?.cancelInteractiveTransition()
                }
                self.interactionController = nil
    
            default:
                self.interactionController?.cancelInteractiveTransition()
                self.interactionController = nil
            }
        }
    }
    


    这里需要注意的是gestureRecognizer的几个状态

    1、Begin :手势被识别时时,初始化

    UIPercentDrivenInteractiveTransition
    


    实例对象和设置属性,比如如果是第一个VC就实现push,反之则是pop

    2、Changed:开始手势到结束手势的一个过程,上面代码中是根据偏移量改变 

    self.interactionController
    


    的位置

    3、Ended:手势结束以后的操作,设置动画结束或者取消动画,最后将

    self.interactionController


    置为nil

    4、default:其他的状态运行你的工程,拖拽屏幕时效果如下

    1

    最后

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wanghuaijun/p/5311514.html
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